Impact of the Rise of Generative AI on Developing Countries | IGF 2023 Town Hall #29

Knowledge Graph of Debate

Session report

Audience

The discussion revolves around the impact of technology, particularly AI, on freedom and democracy. There is a neutral sentiment overall, with a focus on whether AI will lead to more freedom and democracy or have the opposite effect. One argument is that authoritarian rulers might use technology to establish more control rather than promote freedom. This raises concerns about the potential misuse of AI in authoritarian regimes.

Moving on to the potential application of generative AI in developing countries, the sentiment remains neutral. It is recognised that generative AI has the potential to benefit these nations, although specific evidence or supporting facts are not provided. Nonetheless, there is an interest in exploring the application of generative AI in developing countries, highlighting a desire to leverage technology for their development.

Another aspect discussed is the need to redefine the term ‘developing countries.’ This argument emphasises the existence of highly functional digital societies in Estonia, Finland, Norway, and the Netherlands. These societies serve as examples of how advancements in technology can lead to progress and development. The recommendation is to learn from these societies and implement their successes in other parts of the world. Young people are seen as crucial in this process, as they can observe and learn from these digital societies, then bring back knowledge to design and restructure their own societies. The high youth population in regions like India, the continent, and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) further amplifies the importance of involving the young generation in shaping the future.

The impact of AI on human creativity and its contribution to human resources is considered in a neutral sentiment, without specific arguments or evidence provided. The broader question of how AI will affect human creativity and its implications for the workforce remains unanswered.

Concerns are raised about the use of native AI in developing countries with limited resources and infrastructure. The sentiment is concerned, with a focus on the potential widening of the technology gap in these nations. The argument questions whether native AI will exacerbate inequalities and further marginalise resource-poor countries.

In conclusion, this analysis highlights various viewpoints on the impact of technology, specifically AI, on freedom, democracy, development, and creativity. While concerns are raised regarding the potential misuse of AI and widening technology gaps, there is still potential for positive outcomes through the application of AI in developing countries. The role of young people and learning from successful digital societies are also emphasised in shaping a better future for societies worldwide.

Atsushi Yamanaka

In a recent analysis, different viewpoints on the topic of Artificial Intelligence (AI) were discussed. Atsushi Yamanaka, a senior advisor on digital transformations at JICA, shared his belief that AI has both significant potential and notable threats. With 28 years of experience in the field, Yamanaka advises JICA on incorporating technology elements into various projects and supporting digital transformation initiatives.

One area where Yamanaka sees promising potential is the use of generative AI models for local African languages. He highlighted how this application could play a crucial role in promoting digital inclusion in developing economies. By developing AI models for African languages, barriers in digital literacy could be overcome, enabling more people to benefit from technology. Yamanaka’s colleague, who studied AI in Japan and now works at Princeton, is actively working on generative AI models for African languages.

However, the analysis also acknowledged the potential risks associated with the rise of generative AI. It highlighted the concern that this technology could lead to an increase in misinformation, making it increasingly difficult to distinguish between real and fake information. As a result, trust in digital technology may be undermined, presenting challenges for individuals and societies. These issues underscore the importance of responsible development and deployment of AI technologies.

Another argument made in the analysis was the need to establish a consensual framework for AI regulations. The participation of emerging countries was emphasized, as developing nations should play an active role in global discussions on AI regulations. The aim is to avoid creating multiple fragmented models or regulations and instead work towards a unified approach that addresses the concerns and interests of all stakeholders.

Concerns were raised about the potential impact of AI technology on labor. The recent work by the International Labor Organization indicates potential job losses resulting from the introduction of AI. In the United States, for example, the Screenwriters Guild has expressed concerns about AI replacing their jobs, sparking fears of a potential backlash reminiscent of the Luddite Movement of the 19th century. These concerns emphasize the need to consider the potential negative consequences on employment and to ensure that appropriate measures are taken to mitigate any adverse impacts.

Privacy invasion was another aspect discussed in the analysis. The Chinese AI-based scoring system was highlighted as an example of technology that invades privacy. The system reportedly monitors and scores every aspect of citizens’ lives. This raises concerns among privacy advocates and highlights the ethical considerations that need to be taken into account as AI technologies continue to evolve and become more integrated into daily life.

The analysis also touched upon the digital gap between developed and emerging economies. The argument was made that AI technology, particularly new technologies, could actually help reduce this gap. Unlike traditional barriers to communication, there are no interaction barriers in digital technologies, making their adoption in developing countries more feasible. Furthermore, emerging economies might even contribute more to the growth and development of these technologies.

Interestingly, the analysis noted that developing countries have the potential to be at the forefront of innovation in AI technologies. It emphasized that a significant amount of innovation is already emerging from these regions and suggested that they might contribute more to innovation in digital technologies than Western countries. This insight challenges the notion that developing countries will necessarily lag behind in the adoption and advancement of AI technologies.

In conclusion, the analysis delved into various aspects of AI and provided different perspectives on its potential, risks, and implications. It emphasized the need for responsible development, consensual regulatory frameworks, and the active participation of emerging countries in shaping AI technologies. While acknowledging the threats and challenges associated with AI, the analysis also highlighted the opportunities for promoting digital inclusion and reducing the digital gap. Ultimately, it asserted that each society should have the agency to manage its own governance in line with its specific needs and circumstances.

Robert Ford Nkusi

Robert Ford Nkusi is a prominent figure in the field of software testing qualifications in Rwanda. He is currently leading a software testing qualifications team and has made significant contributions to the Rwanda Software Testing Qualifications Board. This demonstrates his expertise and leadership in the industry.

Furthermore, Robert has been involved in the design of the implementation plan for the Child Online Protection Policy in Rwanda. Working under the United Nations, he played a crucial role in developing a comprehensive plan to safeguard children online. This highlights his commitment to promoting child safety and creating a secure digital environment for young users.

In addition to his work in software testing and child protection, Robert has also contributed to the regional framework for the one network area in the East African region. By circumventing data roaming costs, this initiative has greatly benefited individuals and businesses in the area. Robert was actively involved in setting up the one network area and played a vital role in the successful proof of concept testing.

Notably, Robert has led efforts in managing cross-border mobile financial services, which have become increasingly popular in the East African community. By facilitating convenient and secure transactions across borders, these services have contributed to economic growth and poverty reduction. Robert’s involvement in this area demonstrates his expertise in the intersection of finance and technology.

Currently, Robert is engaged with JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) in implementing an ICT industry promotion project in Uganda. The four-year project aims to build capacity in the ICT industry and foster innovation and infrastructure development. By leveraging international partnerships, Robert is actively working towards advancing the ICT sector in Uganda.

The potential of generative AI in predicting and mitigating harmful online content was discussed. Robert highlighted how AI can aid in keeping children safe online through the issue of Child Online Protection. However, caution is required with the implementation of generative AI, as its accurate responses can make users less questioning, potentially leading to unforeseen negatives. It is crucial to strike a balance between the benefits and risks of this technology.

Moreover, African countries have shown exemplary progress in implementing and regulating AI technologies, challenging the traditional divide between developed and developing economies. By successfully adopting and regulating AI, these countries have demonstrated their capability in technological advancements.

The debate on long-term leadership and its relationship with authoritarianism was also explored. The definition of democracy and authoritarianism can differ based on the context, and it was argued that long-term leadership is not necessarily synonymous with authoritarianism. This raises important questions about the nature of political leadership and the impact it has on governance.

Furthermore, the potential of generative AI to transform politics was highlighted. The use of AI in predicting political outcomes and shaping political discourse has the ability to revolutionize the political landscape. However, it is important to critically analyze the impact of AI on democratic processes and ensure that it is used responsibly and ethically.

An interesting observation arising from the analysis is the need for collective efforts and shared learning in policy-making for AI technologies. Developing economies, like those in Africa, have successfully implemented technological solutions such as mobile money. It is suggested that developed countries, such as those in the G7, can learn from these successes and collaborate in policy-making to ensure the responsible use of AI technologies.

In conclusion, Robert Ford Nkusi is a leader in software testing qualifications, with notable contributions in the fields of child protection, regional frameworks, cross-border financial services, and ICT industry promotion. The potential and challenges of generative AI were explored, along with the successful implementation of AI technologies in African countries. The complex relationship between long-term leadership and authoritarianism was discussed, and the transformative potential of AI in politics was examined. Overall, these insights shed light on the intersection of technology, governance, and societal progress.

Sarayu Natarajan

The discussion examines the implications of generative AI across various domains, acknowledging its advantages and disadvantages, especially in relation to technology and society. It highlights the study of algorithmic and platform-mediated work, digitization, and digital infrastructure in the context of generative AI, with a focus on effective government-citizen communication.

Data governance is identified as a critical area of focus within generative AI, necessitating exploration of sustainability financing, governance, and digital system replication worldwide. The discussion also raises concerns about the impact of generative AI on the labor market, particularly in developing regions, where workers involved in data annotation and labeling are often overlooked in broader AI conversations.

Furthermore, limitations and biases in data structures restrain the full potential of generative AI, particularly in addressing gender and race representation in the developing world. The potential for generative AI to propagate disinformation and misinformation is also highlighted as a significant concern.

To address these issues and ensure meaningful digital lives and futures, the discussion emphasizes the need for governance and regulation to be considered during AI deployment. Inclusive frameworks of governance and regulation involving global participants are deemed essential to manage the impact of AI across all regions and promote equitable outcomes.

Additionally, the role of generative AI in the creative domain is explored, with the recognition that it can assist in certain types of literature creation. However, it is underlined that the education system and society should continue fostering creativity to avoid over-reliance on AI.

Overall, the analysis delves into the multifaceted implications of generative AI, highlighting the importance of governance, fairness, and ethics. The discussion emphasizes the need for thoughtful and inclusive approaches to harness the potential benefits of generative AI while mitigating its challenges.

Tomoyuki Naito

During the IGF 2023 sessions, Prime Minister Kishida emphasized the importance of generative AI and knowledge sharing for all participants. This highlights the recognition that generative AI has the potential to greatly impact various sectors, and therefore, it should be accessible to everyone.

The discussions at the IGF have brought international experts together, who have acknowledged the threats posed by generative AI. This recognition has sparked thoughts on how to counter these potential threats. The fact that these concerns are widely recognized at an international level shows the serious consideration being given to generative AI.

Tomoyuki Naito, the moderator of the session, specifically emphasized the need to explore the opportunities and threats of generative AI in the context of global south economies. This highlights the importance of understanding how generative AI can impact the economic growth and development of these regions. By recognizing the specific challenges faced by global south economies, tailored strategies can be developed to leverage generative AI for their benefit.

The panel discussion aimed to gather expert opinions on the threats and opportunities presented by generative AI. The first half of the discussion was dedicated to capturing the perspectives and insights of the panelists to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the various viewpoints. The second half of the discussion, on the other hand, was planned to encourage public opinions and comments, fostering a more inclusive and democratic approach to addressing these issues.

Naito’s belief that experts are actively working on addressing the potential threats to privacy and security posed by generative AI is significant. It indicates that these concerns are not being overlooked, and there is a collective effort to develop strategies to mitigate these risks. The fact that many sessions at the IGF have already discussed the potential threats of generative AI further strengthens the notion that this is a widely recognized issue. Moreover, the concerns shared by international experts highlight the seriousness with which these potential threats are being taken.

One noteworthy observation from the discussions is the recognition that countries can proactively utilize new technologies, such as generative AI, for their own economic and social development. This signifies a shift in mindset, where new technologies are seen as opportunities rather than threats. By leveraging these technologies effectively, countries can drive economic growth and social progress.

In conclusion, the IGF 2023 sessions shed light on the importance of generative AI and knowledge sharing for everyone, specifically in the context of global south economies. The discussions recognized the potential threats posed by generative AI and emphasized the need for expert opinions and public engagement. However, there is a collective effort to address these threats and proactively utilize new technologies for economic and social development. Overall, the sessions provided valuable insights and highlighted the significance of inclusive and informed decision-making in the field of generative AI.

Safa Khalid Salih Ali

Generative AI has emerged as a powerful tool with the potential to revolutionize various sectors. The analysis reveals several key benefits and applications of generative AI. Firstly, it can significantly reduce the time spent on data analysis by automating routine tasks. This allows businesses and organizations to derive insights more quickly and efficiently. By eliminating the need for manual data analysis, generative AI enables professionals to focus on improving the quality of their work, ultimately enhancing productivity.

Furthermore, generative AI can play a crucial role in predicting and managing economic crises. By utilising generative AI, experts can develop prediction models that help identify potential crises and take preventive measures accordingly. This is particularly relevant to sectors such as finance and banking, where generative AI can aid in risk assessment and fraud detection. By analysing historical data, generative AI can predict consumer behaviour and help financial institutions make informed decisions to mitigate risks and enhance security.

In the realm of fintech, generative AI has the potential to enhance customer experiences. By providing immediate solutions in emergency situations, generative AI can improve customer satisfaction levels. Additionally, generative AI can democratise financial services by allowing all participants to easily access the services they need, such as virtualized access through chatbots. This fosters financial inclusion and reduces inequalities by ensuring that all citizens have equal opportunities in accessing financial services.

Another significant application of generative AI lies in policy simulation. By simulating the effects of different policies, generative AI can assist policymakers in addressing weaknesses and making informed decisions. Through simulation, potential issues can be identified and resolved before they negatively impact society. For example, the analysis highlights a situation in Sudan where a war could have been preempted if generative AI had been used to simulate the consequences of certain policies.

While the benefits of generative AI are clear, it is crucial to address certain challenges. Developing countries face significant data challenges and lack the necessary knowledge and infrastructure to fully harness the potential of AI. Therefore, it is essential to establish systems that support AI development in these countries. By doing so, they can benefit from the transformative power of generative AI and drive economic growth.

In conclusion, generative AI has immense potential to revolutionize various sectors and bring about significant benefits. Its ability to streamline data analysis, aid in predicting and managing economic crises, enhance customer experiences, simulate policies, and foster financial inclusion makes it a valuable tool for the future. However, ensuring that developing countries have the necessary capacity and resources to tap into this potential is crucial. Generative AI can truly transform industries and bring about positive socio-economic changes when effectively implemented.

Speakers