Leave No One Behind: The Importance of Data in Development | IGF 2023

Knowledge Graph of Debate

Session report

Samuel Nartey George

In a series of discussions, the importance of including all communities, including rural areas, in data governance was emphasized. It was noted that decisions should be based on data from diverse communities, but there is often a discrepancy in the data collected from urban and rural areas due to differences in connectivity and affordability. To address this, it was suggested that data governance should prioritize inclusion to ensure fair decision-making.

Another topic discussed was the need for affordable internet access and devices to promote comprehensive digital footprints. It was highlighted that underprivileged communities face barriers, such as expensive smartphones, which prevent them from fully participating in the digital world. To overcome this, the idea of creating cheaper “generic” technology, similar to generic pharmaceutical drugs, was proposed. This would make internet access and devices more affordable, enabling a more inclusive digital footprint.

The concept of affordable, generic devices was further explored, suggesting manufacturing cheaper devices on the African continent itself. Drawing inspiration from the pharmaceutical industry, the goal is to make technology accessible to all and bridge the digital divide, particularly in underprivileged communities.

Additionally, the potential transformative impact of connecting unconnected communities was discussed. Access to online educational materials was seen as a way to provide young people in these areas with employable skills, benefiting their economic prospects. Internet connectivity was also seen as crucial in establishing local businesses and livelihoods. Therefore, prioritizing internet connectivity in rural areas was deemed essential to unlock economic opportunities and educational advancements.

The significance of education, particularly digital skills, was emphasized. It was recommended to prioritize digital skills development to enable individuals to thrive in the digital era. One suggestion was to allocate a portion of the constituency development fund for acquiring digital skills, ensuring that individuals are equipped for the digital age.

Partnerships with the private sector and civil society were seen as essential in achieving the goals discussed. These partnerships would facilitate the transfer of necessary skill sets and support the implementation of initiatives aimed at promoting inclusion, connectivity, and digital skills development.

During the discussions, it was noted that Africa is being exploited not only for its natural resources but also for its data, largely due to a lack of understanding among leaders about the economics of data. It was emphasized that African countries need to prioritize and regulate their data usage to protect their interests.

Implementation checks of cybersecurity legislation and data protection laws were also highlighted. It was observed that while some countries have these laws, proper enforcement is lacking. It is necessary to have rigorous implementation checks to ensure effective cybersecurity and data protection measures.

Overall, the discussions emphasized the importance of inclusion in data governance, affordable internet access and devices, partnerships, education, and regulation of data usage. Addressing these issues can promote digital inclusion and protect data in Africa, leading to sustainable development and benefiting individuals and society as a whole.

Lee Mcknight

Data rights, privacy, and security are vital components that should be integrated into the governance framework of any community, village, or city. It is essential that citizens’ data rights are determined by the people living in the community, ensuring that their data is not harvested automatically without consent by external entities.

To protect citizens’ data rights, collaboration with the Africa Open Data and Internet Research Foundation has been established. This collaboration aims to bring connectivity to communities, with a primary focus on safeguarding citizens’ data from being harvested without consent. By working together, they are ensuring that individuals have control over their own data and that it is not exploited for external purposes.

In addition, community networks play a significant role in providing connectivity to the unconnected, enabling them to be included and accounted for in data. These networks have been advocated for by the Internet Society and have shown success in various cases. For example, in a previously disconnected community in Chile, the mayor states that thanks to a community network, her community now exists in the data pool. This demonstrates the positive impact of community networks in bridging the digital divide and ensuring that everyone has access to connectivity.

Moreover, advancements in technology have provided new opportunities for community networks. Today, these networks can incorporate energy solutions, such as portable microgrid solar-powered units. This innovation allows for longer connectivity durations without the need for additional infrastructure. A small portable microgrid solar-powered unit developed at Syracuse University has been deployed in over 20 countries, particularly in Ghana and the Democratic Republic of Congo. This infrastructure-less network not only provides connectivity but also addresses the issue of limited access to affordable and clean energy in many communities.

In conclusion, embedding data rights, privacy, and security into the governance framework of communities is crucial. Citizens’ data rights should be determined by the community members themselves, protecting their data from being harvested without consent. Collaboration with organizations like the Africa Open Data and Internet Research Foundation plays a vital role in achieving this goal. Additionally, community networks offer a solution to bridge the digital divide, ensuring that the unconnected are included and accounted for in data. By incorporating energy solutions, community networks can provide longer connectivity durations without the need for extensive infrastructure. These efforts collectively contribute to creating a more inclusive and secure digital environment for all.

Audience

The importance of education and skill acquisition in digital fields for African nations is emphasized in the analysis. It highlights Ghana’s ‘Girls in ICT’ program as an example of efforts to impart digital skills to girls in secondary schools. This program recognizes the significance of providing education and training in digital technology to equip the future workforce.

Furthermore, the analysis suggests that Africa should leverage its data assets and burgeoning internet growth, rather than giving them up indiscriminately for development aid. With the projected boom in internet users in Africa, there is an opportunity for the continent to harness its data resources and drive economic growth. By utilizing data and investing in digital infrastructure, Africa can create economic opportunities and bridge the digital divide.

However, concerns are raised about the excessive collection of data in Africa without appropriate data protection laws. The lack of a human-rights-based approach in data protection laws in most African countries raises potential implications for the future. The analysis points out that accountability for data breaches is often lacking, indicating a need for stronger data protection measures.

Additionally, current data protection laws in Africa often lack necessary elements such as accountability, equality, empowerment, and legality. It is highlighted that some countries enact data protection laws as a formality, rather than out of real necessity. This undermines the effectiveness of these laws and leaves individuals vulnerable to privacy and data breaches.

The issue of sensitive data being stored abroad due to the lack of local storage infrastructure is also raised. For instance, in Togo, electorate biometric data is stored with a private company in Belgium, and the contracts for such data storage are not typically accessible for scrutiny. This lack of local storage infrastructure poses risks in terms of data security, sovereignty, and control.

To address these concerns, the analysis suggests that Africa needs to build the capability to implement effective data protection laws. Despite having data protection laws, some countries, like Togo, lack an agency to effectively implement them. It is highlighted that a regional data registry is being constructed in West Africa with funding from the World Bank. This initiative aims to enhance governance and strengthen the implementation of data protection laws.

In conclusion, the analysis emphasizes the importance of education and skill acquisition in digital fields for African countries. It also highlights the opportunities for Africa to leverage its data assets and burgeoning internet growth for economic development. However, there are concerns regarding excessive data collection without appropriate protection, the lack of accountability in current data protection laws, and the need for local storage infrastructure. The analysis underscores the necessity of building the capability to implement data protection laws and advocates for a cautious approach, highlighting the importance of robust, human-rights-based data protection laws.

Victor Ohuruogu

The UN Foundation’s Global Partnership for Sustainable Development Data is focused on enhancing the availability, accessibility, and utilization of high-quality data for decision-making. Their efforts are geared towards improving the timeliness of data, fostering inclusivity of marginalized groups in the data value chain, and promoting accountable data governance. With over 600 participants from state and non-state actors across 35 countries, this global network is committed to advancing the cause of data-driven policy-making, bolstering SDG 17 – Partnerships for the Goals.

In Africa, there is a pressing need for data literacy and capacity building. The region faces significant challenges in terms of understanding data from both political and technical perspectives. To address this, the Global Partnership conducts programs aimed at enhancing comprehension of various data types and their usage. By empowering individuals with the necessary skills and knowledge, they aim to bridge the capacity gap and facilitate the effective utilization of data in Africa. This aligns with SDG 4 – Quality Education and SDG 17 – Partnerships for the Goals.

Although data holds tremendous potential for informing political decisions, it often lacks prominence in the political space. Many politicians do not fully consider data while making decisions, which can hinder evidence-based policy-making. By elevating the political profile of data, the Global Partnership seeks to strengthen the connection between the private sector and government. This collaboration can contribute to more robust and informed decision-making processes, aligning with SDG 16 – Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions and SDG 17 – Partnerships for the Goals.

With crises like COVID-19 further highlighting the importance of data-driven decision-making, the effective application of data becomes crucial in the humanitarian sector. The Global Partnership recognizes this significance and actively collaborates with humanitarian organizations and Presidential task forces to identify gaps in infrastructure, including computing infrastructure. By strengthening capacity in utilizing both infrastructure and data, policy and decision-making in the humanitarian sector can be considerably enhanced. This effort supports SDG 9 – Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure and SDG 17 – Partnerships for the Goals.

Moreover, the proper management and implementation of data sovereignty issues are emphasized. Individuals whose data is being collected should have a say in how it is used, while considering the principles of data governance. The development of data governance skills within public sector institutions is crucial for ensuring that data sovereignty is respected and protected. These initiatives align with SDG 16 – Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions.

In conclusion, the UN Foundation’s Global Partnership for Sustainable Development Data is actively working to improve the availability, accessibility, and use of quality data for decision-making. Their efforts include initiatives such as enhancing data literacy, advocating for the political prominence of data, and strengthening data utilization in the humanitarian sector. By addressing capacity gaps, promoting accountable data governance, and engaging both the public and private sectors, the Global Partnership contributes to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.

Kwaku Antwi

The speakers emphasized the significant impact of data as a crucial driver of economies, often referred to as the “new oil”. They highlighted how data has become the focus of global conversations and has the potential to revolutionize industries and drive innovation. Open data was also discussed, emphasizing the importance of making information easily accessible on various platforms. This allows for the sharing of valuable information across sectors and encourages collaboration and innovation. However, it was acknowledged that the digital divide poses a challenge to accessing data due to limited internet connectivity in some communities. Bridging this divide was emphasized to ensure equal opportunities for all. The speakers also stressed the importance of empowering communities with skills to effectively utilize data and set up networks. Open data and internet connectivity were seen as transformative forces in education, healthcare, agriculture, and other sectors. The conclusion highlighted the need to recognize and enhance Africa’s capacities in internet connectivity to drive transformation through the exchange of open data. Overall, the discussions underscored the crucial role of data and the potential of open data and internet connectivity to contribute to Africa’s inclusive growth.

Dr. Smith

In Africa, the implementation of data initiatives plays a significant role in accelerating progress towards achieving the sustainable development goals on the continent. These initiatives have the potential to address key challenges and support sustainable development in Africa, which faces a unique set of challenges and opportunities. By leveraging technologies and data, Africa can address issues such as poverty, inequality, and environmental sustainability.

One of the main arguments is the importance of implementing data initiatives in Africa. These initiatives can help African countries overcome various obstacles, including limited access to resources and infrastructure. By harnessing the power of data, governments and organizations can make informed decisions and develop evidence-based actions to address pressing issues. This can lead to improved service delivery, better governance, and enhanced economic growth.

It is crucial to address challenges such as data privacy, cybersecurity, and infrastructure development to ensure that these technologies benefit all segments of society, including the most vulnerable. Data privacy and cybersecurity are essential to protect sensitive information and maintain trust in digital systems. Additionally, investing in infrastructure development is necessary to ensure reliable connectivity and access to digital technologies across the continent.

The collaborative efforts between government, private and public sectors, and civil society organizations are vital for the successful implementation of data initiatives in Africa. Governments, along with the private and public sectors, must work together to create supportive systems and policies that enable the effective use of data technologies. Civil society organizations also play a crucial role in advocating for transparency, accountability, and inclusive decision-making processes.

By effectively using technologies, African governments can lessen existing challenges and continue to create more sustainable, inclusive, just, and prosperous futures for their citizens. Embracing innovative technologies can help bridge the digital divide, promote inclusivity, and empower marginalized communities. This, in turn, can lead to reduced inequalities, increased access to quality education, and stronger institutions.

The idea of Pan-Africanism, which recognizes our shared humanity and the importance of unity among African countries, is another noteworthy argument. Furthermore, the idea of a United States of Africa, which has been discussed since the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) days, is not as futuristic as it may seem. Both concepts highlight the importance of regional integration, cooperation, and solidarity among African nations.

However, achieving these goals requires grassroots mobilization and the active involvement of citizens. Leveraging technologies can help move this social movement forward by facilitating communication, organizing campaigns, and raising awareness. The united efforts of individuals, communities, and organizations are crucial in realizing the vision of a global Africa or a United States of Africa.

In conclusion, the implementation of data initiatives in Africa is essential for achieving sustainable development goals. It is vital to address challenges such as data privacy, cybersecurity, and infrastructure development to ensure that these technologies benefit everyone. Collaborative efforts between government, private and public sectors, and civil society organizations are crucial for creating supportive systems. By effectively using technologies, African countries can create sustainable, inclusive, just, and prosperous futures. The concepts of Pan-Africanism and a United States of Africa are not far-fetched, and grassroots mobilization is needed to achieve these goals.

Usman Alam

The Science for Africa Foundation, a pan-African organization that funds research and innovation across the continent, emphasized the crucial role of locally generated, governed, and diverse data for driving impact in Africa. They highlighted the need for diversity, equity, and inclusion in data, especially in the African context and with regard to women. The Foundation also highlighted the challenge of limited access to data, even at high governance levels, due to data being housed in specific ICT ministries. This indicates a need for greater collaboration and coordination in data governance.

Advocacy for equitable partnerships and the prevention of governance in silos was another key point raised. Usman Alam, in his advocacy work, underlined the importance of fostering partnerships that are fair and inclusive. He emphasized the significance of locally generated data that reflects the diverse facets of the demographic, as this ensures a comprehensive representation of the population. Alam cautioned against the risk of governing in silos, as it can hinder access to data, even at high government levels. This highlights the importance of breaking down silos and establishing collaborative frameworks for data governance.

Connectivity was also discussed as a transformative factor in driving research and innovation within the African context. The availability of connectivity can change how research and innovation are conducted and has the potential to unleash the full potential of individuals and communities. The concept of a community of practice was suggested as a means to foster new funding and implementation approaches, facilitating greater connectivity and collaboration in research and innovation endeavors.

Promoting equity through the hub and spoke model of funding was presented as a promising strategy. This model is based on partnering with other stakeholders to provide equal opportunities for all. It offers the potential to empower women’s leadership and strengthen the connection between government, researchers, and data. By fostering collaboration and sharing resources, the hub and spoke model can contribute to reducing inequalities and promoting equitable development.

Trust issues relating to the handling and sharing of personal data were recognized as a concern, particularly within the academic and expert community. This indicates the need for robust data governance frameworks and mechanisms to address these trust issues. Building trust is crucial for ensuring the effective and responsible use of personal data, thereby strengthening institutions and promoting peace and justice.

Lastly, the importance of harnessing endogenous knowledge for sustainability was highlighted. The successful response to the Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Guinea underscored the value of utilizing local knowledge and expertise. Leveraging endogenous knowledge in the continent’s healthcare management can lead to more effective and culturally appropriate solutions. This highlights the significance of recognizing and leveraging local expertise and knowledge for sustainable development.

In conclusion, this analysis emphasizes the critical importance of locally generated, governed, and diverse data in Africa. It highlights the need for diversity, equity, and inclusion in data, the challenges of limited access to data, the value of equitable partnerships and the prevention of governance in silos, the transformative potential of connectivity, the role of the hub and spoke model in promoting equity, the trust issues surrounding personal data, and the value of harnessing endogenous knowledge for sustainability. By addressing these challenges and leveraging these opportunities, Africa can harness data and knowledge to drive positive impact and sustainable development.

Moderator – Yusuf Abdul-Qadir

The discussion highlighted several key points regarding the use of data and technology to enhance connectivity and drive development. Moderator Yusuf Abdul-Qadir emphasized splitting the conversation into two key components. The first component involves addressing gaps in data use and strengthening data ecosystems. This entails identifying and bridging any existing gaps in data usage, encouraging the effective use of data, and enhancing the overall data ecosystem. The second component focuses on leveraging technology and community networks to ensure universal connectivity. This involves leveraging technological advancements and community networks to provide connectivity to even the most remote and disconnected areas.

Inclusivity in accessing and leveraging data was also underscored as a crucial aspect. Ensuring that everyone is included and that no one is left behind in discussions on data access and usage is of utmost importance. However, specific strategies or approaches for achieving this inclusivity were not provided.

Community networks were praised for their ability to bring connectivity to previously disconnected areas. These networks are created by people to cater to the specific connectivity needs of their local communities. The Internet Society has been a strong advocate for community networks. An example of their effectiveness was highlighted by a formerly disconnected community in Chile that established a community network during the pandemic.

Furthermore, the integration of connectivity solutions with sustainable energy sources was deemed effective in enhancing the impact and efficiency of community networks. Syracuse University, in collaboration with the Worldwide Innovation Technology Entrepreneurship Club, has developed connectivity solutions that are packaged with portable, microgrid solar power sources. These solutions have been successfully deployed in over 20 countries and are currently being used in Ghana to connect school children in libraries.

The discussion also recognized that access to the internet and data has the potential to unlock people’s fullest potentials and affirm their existence. Data and internet access play a crucial role in acknowledging the interconnected nature of communities and fulfilling mutual obligations. This perspective aligns with the concept of Ubuntu, which advocates for interconnected existence.

Yusuf Abdul-Qadir supported the idea of using open data and community networks to facilitate the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and unlock human potential. He believes that technology and data can unite the continent and drive development, supporting the notion of a United States of Africa as a way to foster a connected and inclusive continent.

The transformative power of internet connectivity and open data was acknowledged in various sectors such as education, healthcare, and agriculture. Internet connectivity allows for the sharing of information in an open environment, enabling advancements in these sectors. The availability of cloud infrastructure and access across diverse sectors was seen as essential for enhancing capacities and ensuring digital inclusion in the African context.

Additionally, the discussion emphasized the importance of gender equality and good health and well-being. Maximizing human potential requires advocating for gender equality and prioritizing good health and well-being. Connectivity has the potential to significantly impact these sectors, leading to positive outcomes for overall development.

In conclusion, the discussion provided valuable insights into the importance of data use, technology, and connectivity in driving development and achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The need for inclusive access to data and leveraging community networks was emphasized. Moreover, the integration of sustainable energy sources with connectivity solutions was seen as effective. Internet connectivity and open data were recognized for their transformative power, while the importance of gender equality and good health and well-being was highlighted. Overall, the discussion underscored the immense potential of harnessing data, technology, and connectivity to unlock human potential and foster a connected and inclusive society.

Speakers