Advancing rights-based digital governance through ROAM-X | IGF 2023

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The Internet Universality Indicators framework has been successfully implemented by Brazil for almost two decades, demonstrating the importance of data production in assessing the impact of internet universality. Despite the framework’s extensive range of indicators, the scope of its application necessitates the collection of comprehensive and up-to-date data.

However, one significant hurdle in utilizing the framework is the existence of a data gap in many countries, which prevents a thorough assessment of internet universality.

Without the required data, these countries are unable to effectively evaluate their progress in achieving the goals outlined in the framework. This highlights the need for increased data production and availability to ensure accurate assessments.

The implementation of the Internet Universality Indicators framework has facilitated multi-stakeholder dialogue, providing an opportunity for different actors, including policymakers, civil society, and the private sector, to contribute their perspectives and insights.

Continuous engagement of these stakeholders is crucial for effective e-government systems and the development of tangible outcomes.

Brazil serves as a notable example of the positive impact of multistakeholder dialogue, with the creation of important legislation such as the Brazilian General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the law of access to information, and the Internet Bill of Rights.

These outcomes underline the potential of multistakeholder dialogue to drive meaningful changes in governance and policy-making.

Furthermore, the relevance of specific stakeholders has not significantly changed, emphasizing the continued importance of involving government, technical community, civil society, and the private sector in discussions and decision-making processes.

UNESCO has played a vital role in fostering dialogue and cooperation, particularly in the context of internet universality.

Working closely with UNESCO, individuals such as Barbosa appreciate the organization’s efforts in building capacity and raising awareness among member states. This collaboration has resulted in significant progress, with a considerable number of countries completing assessments and demonstrating commitment to achieving the goals of the framework.

However, one area of concern is the existing data gap, particularly in countries from the global south.

It is crucial to address this gap as it hampers the ability to comprehensively assess internet universality and implement necessary measures in these regions.

In conclusion, the Internet Universality Indicators framework provides a comprehensive understanding of the significance of data production, multi-stakeholder dialogue, and periodic assessment in ensuring progress towards internet universality.

The successful application of this framework by Brazil highlights its effectiveness in driving positive outcomes. However, the data gap remains a challenge, and further efforts are needed to bridge this gap, particularly in global south countries. Overall, the framework’s implementation has contributed to a greater understanding of the importance of collaboration, assessment, and capacity building in advancing internet universality.

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The Internet Governance Forum (IGF) featured discussions on various topics related to Internet governance. One notable highlight was the recognition of the Dynamic Coalition, an independent and autonomous entity, for its successful engagement of stakeholders worldwide. The coalition has played a crucial role in promoting indicators and monitoring their implementation since their adoption in 2018.

This engagement has yielded significant results, underscoring the value of their efforts.

Another key point addressed was the need to involve stakeholders from underrepresented countries in global Internet governance processes. The IGF Secretariat has prioritised outreach to engage stakeholders from countries that have traditionally had limited participation in these processes.

This approach has proven effective in incorporating active participation from nations such as the Maldives, previously underrepresented in global Internet governance initiatives. The argument presented is that engaging stakeholders from a diverse range of countries is essential for achieving a more inclusive and comprehensive approach to Internet governance.

Furthermore, the speakers emphasized the importance of upholding the highest humanitarian values in the digital world.

They highlighted the disparity in how different jurisdictions interpret social media posts, with some considering them exercises of freedom of expression while others penalise them with imprisonment or fines. The call to uphold humanitarian values implies the need for the digital world to strike a balance that respects freedom of expression while safeguarding the well-being of individuals and communities.

Additionally, it was noted that there has been a proliferation of national laws regulating artificial intelligence since the onset of the pandemic.

Prior to the pandemic, only a few national jurisdictions had laws pertaining to artificial intelligence. However, in the post-pandemic era, there has been a significant increase in the number of such laws. This observation highlights the growing recognition of the importance of effectively regulating and governing the use of artificial intelligence technologies.

The speakers also stressed the importance of adopting a methodological approach to stakeholder engagement.

The IGF Secretariat presently focuses on engaging stakeholders from underrepresented countries, ensuring a multi-stakeholder and multidisciplinary approach. This methodical approach is seen as essential for fostering more diverse and inclusive discussions on Internet governance.

The relevance of early assessments and the need for expanding outreach were also brought to the fore.

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about significant changes in the legal landscape, necessitating a reevaluation of existing assessments. Moreover, efforts must be made to ensure that assessments and outreach are inclusive and comprehensive, without jeopardising the global nature of the Internet.

The speakers also emphasised the need to engage stakeholders from different backgrounds and perspectives in dialogues and processes.

They shared an anecdote about a Tanzanian judge who did not fit into a standard stakeholder category, highlighting the importance of recognising and including diverse voices. The initiation of a parliamentary track in 2019 reinforces the need to address recognised gaps in stakeholder group representation.

Therefore, efforts to actively engage stakeholders who are not participating within certain stakeholder groups are crucial.

Furthermore, the speakers stressed the necessity of active participation from high-ranking individuals in various domains, particularly those that are currently underrepresented. The absence of medical professionals in privacy-related discussions and individuals from the car industry, particularly at the highest management levels, was highlighted.

This observation suggests that the perspectives of individuals with expertise and decision-making authority in these fields should be actively sought to ensure that Internet governance discussions are well-informed and effectively address critical issues.

Lastly, the speakers underscored the significance of promoting and implementing UNESCO’s Internet Universality ROMEX indicators.

These indicators are considered essential for guiding and assessing Internet universality, ensuring that the Internet is used for the benefit of all individuals and societies. Both the Dynamic Coalition and the IGF Secretariat expressed support for these values, with an emphasis on cooperation between UNESCO and the IGF for successful implementation.

In conclusion, the discussions at the IGF covered a range of topics related to Internet governance, including stakeholder engagement, representation, regulation of artificial intelligence, the importance of humanitarian values, and the implementation of UNESCO’s Internet Universality ROMEX indicators.

Throughout the discussions, the importance of inclusivity, comprehensive assessments, and active participation from diverse stakeholders was consistently emphasised.

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During a discussion, both the speaker and audience displayed a keen interest in exploring the field of mood stakeholders and whether any new indicators have emerged in the last five years. The primary question raised by the speaker was the existence of new indicators in this domain.

The concept of “mood stakeholders” was deemed a noteworthy dimension of the indicator, relevant to the topic under discussion.

While specific details regarding these mood stakeholders were not provided, it can be inferred that they play a vital role in determining the mood or emotional state of a particular group or community.

It was emphasised that a list of indicators encompassed the involvement of mood stakeholders, suggesting that such indicators are already recognised and widely accepted within the field.

However, the discussion aimed to identify whether any novel indicators had emerged in the last five years, indicating advancements or changes in this area.

The audience also expressed curiosity about any modifications or developments that may have taken place in the field of mood stakeholders.

Unfortunately, specific supporting facts or evidence to address their questions were not mentioned. Nonetheless, their curiosity reflects a general interest in staying up to date with the latest advancements in the field.

Given the neutral sentiment expressed by both the speaker and audience, no definitive conclusions were reached during the discussion.

However, the main question raised regarding the emergence of new indicators in the realm of mood stakeholders implies a desire for further exploration and potential expansion of knowledge on the subject.

In conclusion, the speaker and audience engaged in a discussion focusing on the exploration of mood stakeholders and the potential introduction of new indicators within the last five years.

The absence of specific facts or evidence limits the ability to provide concrete answers. However, it is evident that the participants expressed a genuine interest in understanding any advancements or changes that have occurred in this crucial field.

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David Souter proposed a holistic approach for assessing Internet Universality Indicators (IUIs). These indicators, based on the concept of Internet universality developed in 2013, focus on rights, openness, accessibility for all, and multi-stakeholder engagement. Souter pointed out that many countries have concentrated solely on the core indicators and advocated for a review to address this issue.

Souter stressed the importance of diversity within the research team and advisory board when using IUIs.

He highlighted that a diverse team helps avoid political pressure and vested interests. Moreover, diverse expertise within the team leads to a more impactful output. Including multiple perspectives ensures a comprehensive analysis and enables the project to benefit from a wide range of insights.

Additionally, Souter emphasized the need to prioritize practical interventions over ideal ones in the national context.

The goal of IUIs is to identify realistic interventions that can be implemented effectively. Recommendations should be feasible and achievable within specific national contexts. This pragmatic approach ensures that IUIs can effectively promote Internet universality.

Souter criticized member countries for solely focusing on core indicators.

He argued that this approach overlooks the opportunity presented by non-core indicators. By narrowing their focus, countries may neglect important aspects of Internet universality and fail to address crucial issues. Souter’s analysis underscores the necessity of adopting a comprehensive and inclusive approach when utilizing IUIs.

In conclusion, David Souter’s analysis highlights the significance of a holistic assessment approach for Internet Universality Indicators.

This approach encompasses diversity within the research team and advisory board, prioritization of practical interventions, and consideration of non-core indicators. Employing this approach enables countries to gain a more comprehensive understanding of Internet universality and actively work towards creating a more inclusive and accessible digital environment.

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The analysis of the given statements highlights several key points pertaining to internet ecosystems and their influence on societal discourses. One speaker highlights the rapid expansion of dominant social media platforms, noting the fundamental changes observed in these platforms. This speaker also emphasizes the influence of these platforms on the visibility of different political views and the concerning increase in the spread of disinformation.

Another speaker emphasizes the necessity of strengthening internet ecosystems in a more democratic and nonprofit manner.

The speaker acknowledges the growth of artificial intelligence (AI) manipulation and repression, as well as the growing influence of private business interests in public discourse. The argument here is to establish internet ecosystems in a way that prioritizes democratic values and ensures a level playing field for all participants.

Additionally, the use of Internet Universality Indicators (IUIs) is praised for providing a comprehensive viewpoint of whether internet policies adhere to principles of human rights, openness, access, and stakeholder participation.

The evidence points to Germany’s experience with IUIs, which generated brutally honest evidence regarding internet policies. It is highlighted that IUIs play a pivotal role in highlighting the delicate balance between the right to privacy and freedom of expression.

However, there are concerns raised about the number of IUI indicators, with a suggestion that there should be a stronger focus on key areas and topics.

The feasibility and practicality of certain indicators are questioned, as well as issues surrounding data availability and operationalization. Despite these concerns, the general sentiment remains neutral toward the number of IUI indicators.

Additionally, the analysis highlights the crucial role of a multi-stakeholder advisory board in the IUI process, particularly when it comes to effectively communicating results to political stakeholders.

The evidence provided is Germany’s successful experience with a multi-stakeholder advisory board in the IUI process. This highlights the significance of involving various stakeholders in decision-making processes to ensure transparency and accountability.

In conclusion, the analysis of the statements highlights the rapid expansion and influence of social media platforms on societal discourses.

It emphasizes the need for democratically driven and nonprofit internet ecosystems to counterbalance the growing influence of private business interests. The use of IUIs is regarded as an effective tool for assessing internet policies’ adherence to human rights principles and stakeholder participation.

However, there are concerns about the number of indicators and the practicality of certain measures, as well as the importance of multi-stakeholder involvement and effective communication with political stakeholders. Overall, these insights contribute to a better understanding of the complexities surrounding internet ecosystems and their impact on societal discourses.

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The Internet Universality ROMAX framework, which focuses on the principles of the Internet, needs to be revised to keep pace with the rapidly evolving digital governance and technological landscapes. One argument proposes that the ROMAX indicators should be strengthened and potentially expanded to include new dimensions like child data protection, mental health, and AI toxicity levels, in order to better address the challenges and implications arising from these areas.

The argument stems from the potential of ROMAX indicators to serve as a critical mechanism for monitoring adherence to principles in the upcoming global digital compact.

By incorporating child data protection, mental health, and AI toxicity levels, the framework can enhance its effectiveness in promoting good health and well-being, quality education, gender equality, and industry innovation and infrastructure, all outlined in the relevant Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

It is important to note, however, that many national teams analyzing ROMAX face research obstacles due to a lack of disaggregated data, which limits visibility of the indicators.

Despite this challenge, stakeholders believe that tightening the ROMAX indicators and expanding their scope is essential to keep up with the evolving technological and governance landscapes.

To ensure a successful update of the ROMAX framework, active participation, collaboration, and continued engagement of stakeholders are crucial.

The Internet Universality Indicators Dynamic Coalition has proven to be an effective platform for exchanging expertise and experiences in this regard. Stakeholders, who possess an on-the-ground understanding of national needs, research difficulties, and emerging themes, play a valuable role in shaping the future of the ROMAX framework.

In conclusion, the Internet Universality ROMAX framework requires revision to adapt to rapidly changing digital governance and technological landscapes.

Strengthening and potentially expanding the ROMAX indicators to include areas like child data protection, mental health, and AI toxicity levels is proposed. The successful update of the framework relies on active participation, collaboration, and ongoing engagement of stakeholders. The Internet Universality Indicators Dynamic Coalition facilitates knowledge exchange, while stakeholders provide valuable insights into national needs and research challenges.

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The meeting on UNESCO’s Internet Universality Romex Indicators was attended by participants from various parts of the world who joined online. Notably, Dr. Lutz Moeller joined the meeting early in the morning, demonstrating dedication and commitment. Despite the inconvenient times, participants were acknowledged and thanked for their valuable contributions.

The meeting included individuals who played a significant role in the development and progress of the Romex Indicators, showcasing the importance of their expertise and insights.

It was mentioned that Tatevik Grigoryan, the meeting’s moderator, was sitting next to these individuals, further illustrating their involvement and importance in shaping the indicators.

Due to unavoidable circumstances, the assistant director general for Communication and Information at UNESCO could not attend the meeting in person.

However, a video message from the assistant director general was played, indicating their commitment to the meeting and the subject matter.

The meeting emphasized the principles of internet universality, which is the official position of UNESCO. This position entails upholding the rights of individuals, ensuring openness, promoting accessibility for all, and fostering multi-stakeholder participation.

The meeting highlighted the multi-stakeholder approach to internet governance, which is also promoted by the Internet Governance Forum.

The ROMEX IUI assessment, considered a unique global tool, is currently being implemented in 40 countries. These assessments aim to inform policymakers and contribute to the development of digital strategies, laws, and regulations.

It is worth noting that six out of the 40 countries have already published a report based on the assessment.

The ROMEX IUI assessment not only aids in the development of the internet at the national level but also supports the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals.

It aligns with the Global Digital Compact, emphasizing the significance of this assessment framework as a comprehensive and holistic approach to internet development.

The meeting also discussed the ongoing revision of the framework. Considering that the ROMEX IUI assessment is currently being implemented in 40 countries, it is imperative to incorporate topics and lessons learned from the implementation process into the revised framework.

Throughout the meeting, Tatevik Grigoryan expressed appreciation to the panelists and steering committee members of the dynamic coalition.

This dynamic coalition has been supportive and actively engaged in various initiatives related to the ROMEX framework.

In her closing remarks, Grigoryan reflected on the insightful discussion and offered speakers an opportunity for final thoughts. The absence of audience questions during the meeting indicates that the discussion was well-structured and kept on schedule.

Furthermore, Grigoryan highlighted the contributions and dedication of her team, specifically mentioning the work of her colleagues, Karen Landa and Camila Gonzalez.

Their involvement and efforts were recognized in advancing the investigation of Internet universality.

Finally, Grigoryan expressed her interest in carrying on the tradition of taking a family photo. This indicates a sense of continuity and fosters a collaborative and unified spirit among the participants.

In conclusion, the meeting on UNESCO’s Internet Universality Romex Indicators brought together diverse participants to discuss and emphasize the principles of internet universality.

The Romex IUI assessment, as a global tool, plays a crucial role in the development of the internet at the national level and supports the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals. The ongoing revision of the framework reflects the commitment to continuous improvement and learning from the implementation process.

The panelists, steering committee members, and Grigoryan’s team were appreciated for their contributions and engagement. The meeting concluded on a positive note, highlighting the importance of continuity and unity among participants.

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The analysis focuses on the Internet Universe Indicator (IUI) system, which offers a unique holistic approach to assessing the internet infrastructure and usage in countries. Instead of providing a single definitive answer, it produces an analysis that encourages countries to answer a set of questions, resulting in a comprehensive picture of their internet landscape.

This approach is viewed positively as it allows for a more nuanced understanding of the internet in different countries.

Follow-ups are considered an important aspect of IUI assessments. The analysis highlights the first follow-up assessment conducted in Kenya by Grace Gitaiga.

However, the nature of reporting and the frequency of IUI assessments are being questioned, suggesting the need for further examination of this aspect.

The inclusion of new themes in IUI assessments, such as AI, environment and sustainability, and cyber security, is supported.

These emerging themes are seen as crucial considerations in evaluating the state of the internet and its impact on society. This demonstrates the dynamism and adaptability of the IUI framework to address current and evolving challenges.

E-waste and satellite connectivity are identified as significant issues in Southeast Asia and the Pacific.

The analysis notes that Southeast Asia has become a dumping ground for e-waste from Europe and North America, highlighting the environmental and sustainability concerns associated with improper e-waste disposal. Additionally, the geographical challenges in the Pacific region make satellite connectivity the only viable option, underscoring the importance of addressing this issue for improved internet access in these areas.

Another important point raised in the analysis is the need to define the concept of multi-stakeholder participation.

The analysis suggests that true multi-stakeholder involvement goes beyond mere attendance at meetings and emphasizes the importance of active engagement and meaningful inclusion of stakeholders’ inputs in decision-making processes. This understanding is crucial for fostering genuine collaboration and effective governance in the digital realm.

The analysis also stresses the necessity of achieving real participation in multi-stakeholder initiatives.

It highlights the observation that in e-government systems, inputs from civil society representatives are often disregarded or their usage remains unknown. To address this issue, it is crucial to analyze what meaningful and effective participation looks like and how it can be captured in order to establish inclusive and participatory digital governance.

Furthermore, the analysis mentions the role of new actors on the internet.

It notes that police involvement in internet-related matters has been observed in recent maps, indicating the increasing influence of new actors in the digital space. This development raises questions about the implications and potential challenges associated with the involvement of these actors.

The analysis also brings up the noteworthy observation made by Simon regarding the importance of indicators related to training for judges and lawyers.

Simon considers it interesting and important, suggesting that adequate training in legal matters pertaining to the internet is crucial for maintaining peace, justice, and strong institutions. This observation highlights the need to prioritize the training of legal professionals in digital issues to ensure fair and effective dispute resolution and legal processes in the digital era.

Finally, the analysis mentions Simon’s approval of the assessment and his anticipation of a new version related to the global digital compact.

This indicates support for the assessment process and the belief that it can contribute to advancing global digital cooperation and achieving the goals outlined in the global digital compact.

Overall, the analysis provides valuable insights into the Internet Universe Indicator (IUI) system, its various aspects, and its implications for assessing and improving the internet infrastructure and usage.

It highlights the importance of continuous evaluation, the inclusion of new themes, addressing specific challenges, and achieving meaningful multi-stakeholder participation in fostering a sustainable and inclusive digital landscape.

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Five years ago, the Internet Universality Indicators received endorsement from UNESCO’s Intergovernmental Council of the International Programme for the Development of Communication. During a recent forum, the speakers emphasized the necessity of continuous transformation and improvement of these Indicators.

They highlighted the need for shared insights, strategies, and identification of areas that require enhancement.

The speakers recognized the lessons learned and challenges faced over the past five years, which have strengthened the importance of constantly evolving and adapting the Indicators.

They stressed the significance of collaboration and collective action in shaping and refining these guidelines.

Furthermore, the speakers emphasized the value of collective efforts and the exchange of experiences, obstacles faced, and strategies for success. They hoped that the discussions held during the forum would result in tangible benefits for all stakeholders involved in the Romex framework, an important aspect of the Indicators.

Overall, the speakers concluded that the continuous evolution of the Internet Universality Indicators is crucial in ensuring their relevance and effectiveness in addressing the ever-changing digital landscape.

They urged a collaborative approach, encouraging stakeholders to work together to shape these Indicators and improve the digital policies related to them. This united effort is expected to lead to practical and positive outcomes for all parties involved.