UNCTAD eWeek 2023

Arguments

Need for a holistic approach to digitalization

Supporting facts:

• Jamaica, as a small and developing state, faces several challenges related to digitalization.

• This requires a cross-cutting approach focusing on areas like digital skills and infrastructure.

• Global partnerships amongst international organizations and partners are crucial.

• The E-Trade for All platform could be more dynamic, showing what different organizations are doing and allowing member states to pull best practices.

Topics: Digital skills, Infrastructure, Partnership, Cross-cutting approach, E-Trade for All Platform

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Report

Jamaica, as a small and developing state, faces several challenges related to digitisation. The key to overcoming these challenges lies in adopting a comprehensive approach that focuses on improving digital skills and infrastructure. These two factors are crucial for Jamaica’s successful integration into the digital economy.

Global partnerships among international organisations and partners play a pivotal role in addressing Jamaica’s digitisation goals. Collaborating with these entities can provide valuable resources, expertise, and funding needed for the development of digitisation initiatives. Additionally, partnerships enable sharing of best practices and lessons learned from similar projects in other countries, contributing to the overall success of Jamaica’s digitalisation efforts.

The E-Trade for All platform, as a means of fostering partnerships, can be further enhanced. It is recommended that the platform becomes more dynamic in showcasing the activities of different organisations involved in digitisation initiatives. This would allow member states, including Jamaica, to gain insights into successful projects and benefit from best practices.

Encouraging further partnership among international organisations such as UNCTAD, WIPO, and the Diplo Foundation holds great potential for advancing Jamaica’s digitisation efforts. These organisations have actively supported digitisation initiatives globally and possess valuable expertise. Strengthening partnerships would provide member states with access to key contacts, resources, and support from these organisations.

The E-Trade for All platform also plays a crucial role in facilitating collaboration. It can serve as a powerful tool for showcasing ongoing digitisation projects and connecting countries with resources. By highlighting successful initiatives and providing access to relevant information and expertise, the platform supports the achievement of digitisation goals and facilitates knowledge-sharing among member states.

In conclusion, Jamaica’s digitisation challenges require a comprehensive approach that improves digital skills and infrastructure. Global partnerships among international organisations and partners are essential for providing necessary resources and expertise. Enhancing the functionality of the E-Trade for All platform by showcasing the efforts of different organisations and fostering collaboration will contribute to the success of Jamaica’s digitisation journey.

Encouraging further partnership among organisations like UNCTAD, WIPO, and the Diplo Foundation will enhance collaboration and support member states in their efforts towards digitisation.

Arguments

The South Center is addressing development challenges posed by the digital economy

Supporting facts:

• The South Center works in areas of international trade, investment, intellectual property and other areas

• They have incorporated the issue of digital transformation in their programs for upcoming years

• They produce policy-oriented research, support developing countries in international negotiations, and provide technical assistance and training

Topics: Digital Economy, Development Challenges

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Many companies are doing businesses in developing countries through digital tools, but they are not paying taxes in these countries.

Topics: Digital Taxation, Developing Countries

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Negotiations are taking place under the auspices of the OECD on taxation in the digital economy, leading to the so-called two-pillar solution.

Topics: Digital Taxation, OECD

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There are alternatives to the OECD’s approach to digital taxation, notably one developed by the UN Tax Committee.

Supporting facts:

• The South Centre made estimates about what developing countries can gain from these two alternatives, the OECD alternative, and the UN Tax Committee alternative.

Topics: Digital Taxation, UN Tax Committee, OECD

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Report

The South Centre is actively addressing development challenges presented by the digital economy. They operate in areas such as international trade, investment and intellectual property. To adapt to the changing digital landscape, the South Centre has incorporated digital transformation into their future programs.

They are committed to producing policy-oriented research, supporting developing countries in international negotiations, and providing technical assistance and training. The digital economy has the potential to contribute to various sectors like health, education and productivity. However, it also presents challenges such as job creation, inequality, and marginalisation.

The South Centre recognises these concerns and is taking action. They have published recent works on digital education and digital health, highlighting the importance of these areas in the digital era. As part of their efforts, the South Centre is organising sessions during ‘e-week’ to address these critical issues.

Partnerships are crucial to the South Centre’s approach. They place a strong emphasis on collaborating with other organisations. For instance, the South Centre has partnered with other entities for publications on digital education and digital health. By working together, they can leverage expertise and resources to effectively address the complex challenges arising from the digital economy.

One significant issue the South Centre tackles is the lack of taxation by companies conducting business in developing countries through digital tools. This situation raises concerns about fairness and equality. Negotiations are taking place under the auspices of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to tackle this problem.

The South Centre advocates for a fair and balanced system of digital taxation, considering the diverse interests and different stages of development in each country. In this regard, they provide guidance to developing countries during the OECD negotiation process, helping them choose the most suitable taxation options.

The South Centre has also analysed alternatives to the OECD’s approach to digital taxation. One such alternative is developed by the United Nations (UN) Tax Committee. The South Centre has estimated the potential benefits that developing countries can obtain from both the OECD and UN Tax Committee alternatives.

This analysis contributes to a more informed discussion and decision-making process regarding digital taxation. Carlos Correa, associated with the South Centre, supports the creation of a United Nations Convention on International Tax Cooperation. The second committee of the UN General Assembly adopted a historic resolution, calling for the establishment of an ad hoc intergovernmental committee.

This committee aims to draft the terms of reference for the United Nations Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation. The support for this convention demonstrates the commitment to addressing tax cooperation at an international level, particularly in regards to reducing inequalities and fostering partnerships.

In conclusion, the South Centre plays a vital role in addressing the development challenges posed by the digital economy. Through research, support in negotiations and technical assistance, they strive for a fair and balanced system of digital taxation. Moreover, their emphasis on partnerships and collaboration with other organisations strengthens their impact in promoting inclusive economic growth and reducing inequalities.

The South Centre’s efforts align with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure), and SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities).

Arguments

Intellectual property is the fulcrum of a digital system, critical to innovators and creators

Supporting facts:

• WIPO is promoting a balanced IP system

• A scoping study was initiated in January 2022 focusing on creative industries in four countries

Topics: Digital System, Intellectual Property, Innovation, Creation

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WIPO is on a mission to make the intellectual property system balanced, inclusive and accessible by ensuring the interests of both the owners and the users are met

Supporting facts:

• WIPO has extended IP capacity building to countries in other continents including Africa and Asia Pacific

• Through WIPO’s Global Innovation Index, they rank countries’ innovation capabilities

Topics: Intellectual Property, Digital Inclusion, Balance, Access

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The digital landscape is a global entity that requires cooperation

Supporting facts:

• No one entity can expect to be able to achieve anything on its own

Topics: Cooperation, Global Digital Landscape

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Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy established with UNCTAD in 1999

Supporting facts:

• This policy enables cross-border dispute resolution, facilitates e-commerce

• It’s cost-effective and time-effective

Topics: WIPO, UNCTAD, Domain Name Dispute Resolution

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WIPO Academy partnered with UNCTAD in 2022 to support women digital business entrepreneurs

Supporting facts:

• Started a master class series on IP and e-trade

• Very successful program

Topics: WIPO, UNCTAD, Women Entrepreneurs

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WIPO is planning to spotlight IP’s contribution to the implementation of the SDGs

Supporting facts:

• WIPO’s World IP Day theme for next year will be on IP and the SDGs

• The idea is to highlight the role of the IP system in implementing the SDGs

Topics: WIPO, Intellectual Property, SDGs

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WIPO is committed to working with all the E-Trade for All partners, along with other interested stakeholders, for a more inclusive and sustainable digital future.

Supporting facts:

• Platform to unlock the full potential of innovation and creativity.

Topics: WIPO, E-Trade for All

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Report

WIPO, the World Intellectual Property Organization, is leading the way in promoting and fostering a balanced intellectual property (IP) system that is essential for innovators and creators in the digital landscape. WIPO recognizes the pivotal role of intellectual property in driving innovation and creativity.

The organization is committed to ensuring that the IP system is accessible and inclusive, meeting the needs of both IP owners and users. WIPO has extended its IP capacity building efforts to countries in Africa and the Asia Pacific region, providing training and support to empower local innovators and creators.

This initiative aims to enhance understanding and utilization of intellectual property tools in these regions. WIPO has also launched the Global Innovation Index, a benchmarking tool that assesses and ranks countries’ innovation capabilities. This index enables countries to identify strengths and weaknesses in innovation and develop strategies for improvement.

Alongside this, WIPO recognizes the importance of cooperation in the global digital landscape, advocating for partnerships and collaboration to address the challenges and opportunities of the digital revolution. To facilitate e-commerce and cross-border dispute resolution, WIPO established the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy with UNCTAD.

This policy streamlines the resolution of domain name conflicts, promoting cost-effectiveness and timely resolutions. WIPO Academy has partnered with UNCTAD to support women digital business entrepreneurs through initiatives such as master class series on IP and e-trade. These programs aim to empower women entrepreneurs with the knowledge and skills needed to succeed in the digital business sector.

Moving forward, WIPO plans to emphasize the contribution of intellectual property to the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Their upcoming World IP Day theme will focus on IP and the SDGs, highlighting the role of the IP system in achieving goals related to health, education, climate action, and partnerships.

WIPO is committed to working with E-Trade for All partners and other stakeholders to create a more inclusive and sustainable digital future. They aim to unlock the full potential of innovation and creativity, fostering an environment that supports inclusivity and sustainability.

In summary, WIPO is at the forefront of promoting and fostering a balanced IP system that drives innovation and creativity. Through capacity building, cooperative mechanisms, support for women entrepreneurs, and a focus on the SDGs, WIPO aims to create a world where innovation and creativity are valued and supported for the benefit of all.

Arguments

Digital Cooperation Organization (DCO) aims to enable digital prosperity for all

Supporting facts:

• DCO is an international organization with digital cooperation at its core

• DCO includes 15 member states today from Asia, Africa, Middle East and Europe

• DCO recognizes the specificity of each member state and their digital economy needs

Topics: Digital Cooperation, Inclusive Digital Future

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DCO is focused on three main areas for digital economy development, namely, data, entrepreneurship, and human-centric digital ecosystem.

Supporting facts:

• DCO is looking to build cross-border data and extract value

• DCO aims to help start-ups grow, find investment and expand cross-border

• DCO emphasizes sustainability, ethics, and compliance in its human-centric digital ecosystem mission

Topics: Data, Entrepreneurship, Digital Economy

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DCO aims to create a dynamic by combining the ‘red’ and ‘green’ areas to yield more inclusive results in the digital economy

Supporting facts:

• DCO has been focusing on entrepreneurship

• Established a stride association for entrepreneurs in the digital economy under the championship of the Kingdom of Jordan

Topics: Digital Economy, Inclusive Growth

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DCO has been succeeding in establishing partnerships due to its open approach

Supporting facts:

• DCO’s open approach led to the publication of the report ‘Bridging the Gap’ last year

• They have kept the door open to all organizations, civil society, private sector, other international organizations

Topics: Partnerships, Cooperation, Digital Economy

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Partnership is essential for the future of the digital economy

Supporting facts:

• Trade for All is an example of how partnership can work in the digital economy

• E-Week is designed to bring people together to create ideas to address digital economy challenges

Topics: Digital Economy, Partnership, Trade for All

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Report

The Digital Cooperation Organization (DCO) is an international organization aiming to enable digital prosperity for all. Currently, the DCO includes 15 member states from Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Europe. The organization recognizes the specific needs of each member state in the digital economy.

The DCO focuses on three main areas for digital economy development: data, entrepreneurship, and a human-centric digital ecosystem. The organization aims to build cross-border data capabilities and extract value from data. It emphasizes sustainability, ethics, and compliance to ensure a responsible and beneficial digital ecosystem.

Entrepreneurship is also a key focus for the DCO. The organization aims to support startups in their growth, investment, and cross-border expansion. This aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals of promoting decent work and economic growth. The DCO takes a human-centric approach by prioritizing inclusivity and reducing inequalities in the digital economy.

It addresses challenges such as misinformation and empowers women in the digital space. Partnerships are essential to the DCO’s mission, and the organization has successfully established collaborations with various stakeholders. The DCO’s open approach has led to the publication of reports like “Bridging the Gap,” and it has been granted observer status at the UN General Assembly.

In conclusion, the DCO is dedicated to enabling digital prosperity for all through its focus on data, entrepreneurship, and a human-centric digital ecosystem. It promotes partnerships and collaboration to create an inclusive and equitable digital economy. The organization works towards a future where the benefits of the digital revolution are shared by all.

Arguments

Digital transformation is a key focus for ECLAC

Supporting facts:

• ECLAC has been supporting governments to maximise digital technologies’ potential for over two decades.

• They offer a regional platform for knowledge exchange and capacity building bringing together governments, international orgs and private stakeholders.

• They have a Ministerial Conference on the Information Society and Digital Agenda for Latin America and Caribbean

Topics: ECLAC collaboration, Digital transformation, Economic development

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Cooperation between different stakeholders is crucial for handling digital transformations

Supporting facts:

• ECLAC has been collaborating with various partners

• The cooperation allows activities such as training, assessment of progress, improving indicators and evaluating regulatory frameworks

Topics: Cooperation, Policy dialogue

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There is a need for better governance to navigate digital issues

Supporting facts:

• Digital issues are becoming more complex

• Issues range from cybersecurity, tax policy, data protection, consumer protection, to regulation of new technologies such as AI

• Improvements in governance at national level is required

Topics: Governance, Cybersecurity, Data Protection

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Effective digital transformation requires good governance and strategic planning

Supporting facts:

• Countries are experimenting with various governance structures, such as assigning digital transformation responsibilities to a ministry of science and technology or having a digital transformation czar close to the office of the president.

Topics: digital transformation, governance

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The issue of digital infrastructure and connectivity is major in Latin America and the Caribbean

Supporting facts:

• There are major gaps in terms of the connectivity infrastructure in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Topics: digital infrastructure, connectivity

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A basic digital basket can address inequality and provide access to lower-income groups

Supporting facts:

• The basic digital basket would be a subsidy to pay the cost of connectivity and the equipment for the poorest households. This can support education, social policy, and productive development.

Topics: digital access, inequality, basic digital basket

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Latin America and the Caribbean are in a low-growth trap

Supporting facts:

• The region has grown at only 0.8% per year from 2014 to 2020

• This low growth is due to very low investment and almost flat productivity

Topics: Latin America, Caribbean, low growth trap

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The issue of digital transformation is absolutely crucial for growth in Latin America and the Caribbean

Supporting facts:

• The lack of digital transformation is contributing to the region’s low growth rate

• Exports of modern services, which are based on the digital revolution, have tremendous potential for dynamizing growth

Topics: digital transformation, growth, Latin America, Caribbean

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Focus on productive development policies and specific sectors are important for regional growth

Supporting facts:

• 14 sectors, many related to the energy transition and electrical mobility, have been identified with great potential for growth

• These sectors, which require a more focused and micro approach, can help dynamize growth and transform it in a more sustainable and inclusive direction

Topics: productive development policies, specific sectors, growth

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Report

The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) has been actively promoting digital transformation and cooperation between stakeholders in the region. They have been supporting governments for over two decades to maximise the potential of digital technologies. Through their regional platform, ECLAC facilitates knowledge exchange and capacity building by bringing together governments, international organisations, and private stakeholders.

One of the key initiatives of ECLAC is the Ministerial Conference on the Information Society and Digital Agenda for Latin America and the Caribbean. This conference provides a platform for policymakers and stakeholders to discuss and shape the digital agenda for the region.

It serves as a forum for collaboration and dialogue to drive digital advancements in Latin America and the Caribbean. Cooperation between different stakeholders is considered crucial for effectively handling digital transformations. ECLAC has been actively collaborating with various partners to enhance the digital landscape.

This cooperation allows activities such as training, progress assessment, improving indicators, and evaluating regulatory frameworks. By fostering collaboration, ECLAC recognises the importance of working together to address the complex challenges associated with digital transformation. With the increasing complexity of digital issues, there is a pressing need for better governance at the national level.

Issues such as cybersecurity, tax policy, data protection, consumer protection, and regulation of new technologies like artificial intelligence require robust governance frameworks. ECLAC emphasises the importance of improved governance to navigate these digital issues effectively. While ECLAC has made significant contributions to promote digital advancement in the region, they acknowledge that more work needs to be done.

The demands of their member countries are enormous, and the complexity of digital issues continues to evolve. ECLAC is committed to addressing these challenges and driving further progress in digital transformation. Digital infrastructure and connectivity remain significant challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean.

There are major gaps in terms of connectivity infrastructure, hindering the region’s ability to fully benefit from digital technologies. Addressing these issues is crucial to promoting inclusive growth, reducing inequalities, and achieving sustainable development goals. To address inequality and provide access to lower-income groups, the concept of a basic digital basket has been proposed.

This subsidy would cover the cost of connectivity and equipment for the poorest households. It is seen as a means to support education, social policy, and productive development, thereby addressing inequality and promoting social inclusion. Latin America and the Caribbean are currently caught in a low-growth trap, with a growth rate of only 0.8% per year from 2014 to 2020.

This can be attributed to very low investment and almost stagnant productivity. However, digital transformation has the potential to stimulate growth in the region. Exports of modern services, which depend on the digital revolution, have the potential to significantly boost growth and productivity.

To drive regional growth, ECLAC emphasises the importance of focusing on productive development policies and specific sectors. They have identified 14 sectors, including those related to energy transition and electric mobility, as having great potential for growth. Through a more focused and micro-level approach, these sectors can help stimulate growth and transform the region in a sustainable and inclusive direction.

In conclusion, ECLAC plays a vital role in promoting digital transformation in Latin America and the Caribbean. They facilitate cooperation between stakeholders, support governments in maximising the potential of digital technologies, and advocate for improved governance to navigate digital issues effectively.

Addressing challenges related to digital infrastructure, connectivity, and inequality is crucial for inclusive and sustainable growth in the region. By focusing on productive development policies and specific sectors, ECLAC aims to stimulate growth and transform the region in a more sustainable and inclusive direction.

Arguments

AI should be developed in a bottom-up approach

Supporting facts:

• The knowledge generated belongs to the individual

• By uploading knowledge into big systems, we risk knowledge slavery

Topics: AI Governance, Data Ownership, Market Economy, Democracy

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Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) should guide the development of AI

Supporting facts:

• SDGs provide a concrete and specific codification of humanity’s priorities

• The use of SDGs as guidelines for AI has been overlooked

Topics: AI Development, Sustainable Development Goals

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There are long-term, medium-term, and short-term risks associated with AI

Supporting facts:

• Elimination risk is a long-term concern

• Work loss and misinformation generated by AI are short-term risks

• Monopolies pose a medium-term risk

Topics: AI Risk Management, Job Loss, Monopoly

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The role of small organizations, think tanks, in shaping digital policies

Supporting facts:

• Small organizations can create a digital ecosystem and bring new issues to question

• Small organizations have advantage of moving fast, tolerating risks and pushing new ideas

Topics: Digital Policies, AI, Ecosystems

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SDGs could be guidelines for AI guardrail

Supporting facts:

• SDGs have not been previously mentioned in context of AI guardrails but his analysis has led to this conclusion

• It would boost the SDGs and serve as a practical tool for AI

Topics: AI, SDGs, Policy Guidelines

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In partnerships, there’s need to move fast with a few and far with many

Supporting facts:

• African saying, moving fast, moving slow

Topics: Partnerships, Efficiency

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Policy makers should zero in on specific issues of concern but also keep a wider perspective

Supporting facts:

• Metaphor of camera – to zoom in and zoom out

Topics: Policy Making, Focus

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We should tackle what we can do instead of trying to achieve everything all at once

Supporting facts:

• Metaphor – avoid trying to boil ocean

Topics: Goals, Productivity

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The world is currently facing numerous problems and the need for critical thinking is urgent

Supporting facts:

• Invites everyone to view the report with all colors

• Needed more red colors to indicate the severity of current situation

Topics: World Problems, Critical Thinking

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Report

The analysis explores various perspectives on the development of artificial intelligence (AI) and its relationship to sustainable development goals (SDGs). One viewpoint suggests that AI should be developed in a bottom-up approach to ensure that knowledge generated belongs to individuals and is not concentrated in large systems, thus avoiding the risk of “knowledge slavery.” Another important point raised is the need for the SDGs to guide the development of AI.

By integrating the SDGs as guidelines, AI technology can align with global goals for sustainable development, which has been overlooked thus far. The analysis also addresses the risks associated with AI, highlighting the importance of addressing these risks in the long-term, medium-term, and short-term.

Long-term risks include potential job loss and impacts on economic growth, while short-term concerns focus on work loss and misinformation generated by AI systems. Medium-term risks involve the concentration of power and the emergence of AI-driven monopolies. One speaker argues that AI can play a beneficial role if properly governed.

The development of AI should be guided by the SDGs, and risks associated with AI should be addressed at all three timeframes – long-term, medium-term, and short-term. The significance of small organizations and think tanks in shaping digital policies is also underscored.

These entities possess the advantage of agility, risk-tolerance, and innovation, making them valuable contributors to policy development. Furthermore, the analysis highlights the need to recognize small organizations, particularly in developing countries. Overcoming bureaucratic hurdles is crucial to enabling individuals from these countries to participate in shaping global AI systems.

The SDGs are identified as potential guidelines for AI guardrails, serving as a tool to boost progress towards sustainable development and ensure ethical AI practices. The analysis emphasizes the importance of creating new narratives and fostering critical reflection. Prevailing narratives are deemed outdated and in need of revision.

To challenge existing assumptions and better understand the implications and potential of AI, a system for critical reflection is necessary. Efficient policy-making and productive focus are also emphasized. In partnerships, finding the right balance between speed and careful consideration is crucial.

Policy-makers are encouraged to zoom in on specific issues of concern while maintaining a wider perspective to effectively address overarching challenges. The analysis stresses the need for productivity and focus, advising against attempting to achieve everything at once. Instead, focusing on what is realistically achievable would lead to better outcomes.

Additionally, it calls for critical thinking and a more visual representation of problems. Given the urgency of addressing global challenges, critical thinking is essential. Increasing awareness of the severity of these challenges can be achieved through a more visually impactful representation, such as including more red colors in the semaphore.

In summary, the analysis highlights the importance of a bottom-up approach in AI development, integrating the SDGs as guidelines, and addressing the risks associated with AI at different time frames. Recognizing the contribution of small organizations and think tanks, particularly in developing countries, is crucial.

The SDGs can serve as practical tools for AI guardrails, and there is a need for new narratives, critical reflection, efficient policy-making, and productive focus. Lastly, critical thinking and a visually impactful representation are essential in addressing global challenges.

Arguments

Need for ensuring everyone is equipped with the digital skills to enable an equitable future

Supporting facts:

• The future is increasingly digital

• Digital economy can’t be equitable if people lack access and skills

Topics: Digital Skills, Digital Economy, Inclusion

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Emphasizes the importance of multi-stakeholder partnerships

Supporting facts:

• Provided the instance of the Pacific Digital Economy Programme, which is a joint initiative by various organizations helping the Pacific region grow digitally

• Mentioned the Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard, a tool assisting policy makers in assessing the inclusivity of their digital policies

Topics: Partnerships, E-Commerce, Digital Transformation

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Even if you have a great digital infrastructure, that doesn’t mean that digital divides don’t exist.

Supporting facts:

• Countries need to focus on inclusivity and offering subsidies to lower-income groups to connect to the Internet

• A basic digital basket initiative has been proposed to subsidize cost of connectivity

Topics: Digital Divide, Digital Infrastructure

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Considering the urgency and importance of digital inclusion, the pace of action needs to be both fast and far-reaching with more people.

Supporting facts:

• Given the importance of digital inclusion, she suggests taking an extra step to go fast and far with many people.

Topics: Digital inclusion, Fast and far, Policymaking

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Report

The analysis underscores the importance of digital skills in ensuring an equitable future. It acknowledges the increasing digitisation of society and argues that for the digital economy to be equitable, everyone must have access to digital skills. The analysis further raises questions regarding the South Centre’s role in addressing digital gaps and advocates for more information on their support in this area.

The analysis also highlights the significance of multi-stakeholder partnerships in achieving an equitable digital economy. It provides examples such as the Pacific Digital Economy Programme, a collaborative initiative aimed at aiding the digital growth of the Pacific region. Additionally, it mentions the Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard, which assists policymakers in evaluating the inclusivity of their digital policies.

These examples demonstrate the necessity of collaboration between stakeholders for creating an equitable digital future. Furthermore, the analysis emphasizes the need for strategic initiatives to successfully navigate the future of the digital economy. Although specific details are not provided, the analysis suggests that such initiatives are essential for ensuring equitable outcomes.

Moreover, the analysis acknowledges the existence of digital divides and the importance of inclusivity. It emphasises that despite the presence of advanced digital infrastructure, digital divides persist. To address this issue, the analysis recommends focusing on inclusivity and offering subsidies to lower-income groups to facilitate internet connectivity.

The proposal of a basic digital basket initiative is put forth as a means to subsidise the cost of connectivity. The analysis also recognises the vital role of think tanks and NGOs in shaping a fair and equitable digital future.

It highlights that both small and large NGOs can contribute to shaping policies that promote equitable digital outcomes. Additionally, the analysis highlights the urgency and significance of digital inclusion. It argues that action on digital inclusion needs to be fast and all-encompassing, involving a larger number of individuals.

It stresses the need to move beyond basic digital inclusion to ensure meaningful participation in the digital society. Finally, the analysis concludes by acknowledging and appreciating the participation and contributions of the speakers and moderator in facilitating a valuable discussion.

It commends their inputs and the overall conduct of the discussion. In summary, the analysis underscores the importance of digital skills, multi-stakeholder partnerships, and inclusivity in achieving an equitable digital future. It raises questions about the South Centre’s efforts in addressing digital gaps, emphasises the need for strategic initiatives, acknowledges the existence of digital divides, recognises the role of think tanks and NGOs, highlights the urgency of digital inclusion, and appreciates the contributions of the speakers and moderator.

Arguments

Importance of partnerships in implementing digital transformation especially in meeting Sustainable Development Goals.

Supporting facts:

• SDG 17 is essential for leveraging partnerships for achieving other SDGs

• Work is being done with all governments primarily in least developed countries to assess their readiness for the digital age

Topics: Partnership, Digital Transformation, Sustainable Development Goals

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Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard is a critical tool for policymakers in assessing the inclusivity of their policies for their economy’s digital transformation.

Supporting facts:

• The scorecard is currently used in 25 countries

• Scorecard was developed in collaboration with European Commission, GSMA, UNVESA, and UNDP

Topics: Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard, Policy Making, Digital Transformation

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The Pacific Digital Economy Programme is positively impacting the Pacific region’s inclusive digital economy.

Supporting facts:

• The programme conducted surveys on digital finance, with the first reports published for Fiji and Samoa.

• The programme combines research, capacity building, and technical assistance for all stakeholders in the digital economy.

Topics: Pacific Digital Economy Programme, Inclusive Digital Economy, Pacific Region

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Report

Partnerships are essential for implementing digital transformation and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 17 which emphasizes the importance of partnerships in leveraging resources and expertise to effectively achieve other SDGs. Collaboration and cooperation between stakeholders are crucial for successful digital transformation.

The Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard is a critical tool for policymakers to assess the inclusivity of their policies in digital transformation. Developed in collaboration with the European Commission, GSMA, UNVESA, and UNDP, this scorecard is used in 25 countries. It allows policymakers to evaluate policy inclusivity and identify areas for improvement, promoting a more equitable digital economy.

The Pacific Digital Economy Programme has a positive impact on the inclusive digital economy in the Pacific region. This programme conducts surveys on digital finance and has published the first reports for Fiji and Samoa. It combines research, capacity building, and technical assistance for all stakeholders involved in the digital economy, contributing to the development of inclusive digital economies in the region.

Mourad Wahba advocates for the development of truly inclusive digital economies through collaboration and partnerships. Successful examples, such as the Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard and the Pacific Digital Economy Programme, demonstrate the importance of collaboration between public and private sector stakeholders.

These initiatives prioritize the interests of all stakeholders and contribute to the sustainable development of digital economies. In summary, partnerships and collaboration play a crucial role in implementing digital transformation and achieving SDGs. The Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard and the Pacific Digital Economy Programme are successful examples of partnerships that promote inclusivity and equitable development.

By fostering collaboration and harnessing the potential of digital technologies, the path towards truly inclusive digital economies becomes more attainable.

Arguments

Need for an inclusive and sustainable digital future

Supporting facts:

• Rapid pace of technological advancement presents opportunities for growth

• Significant challenges in ensuring equal access for all

Topics: Digital economy, Inclusivity, Technology Advancement

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Data as a vital global resource

Supporting facts:

• Data emanates from households, consumers and citizens

• Data is processed and analyzed for valuable insights

Topics: Data management, Data storage, Data analysis

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E-Trade for All as a collective achievement

Supporting facts:

• Membership has grown from 14 to 35 members

• Several partnerships under E-Trade initiative

Topics: E-commerce, Digital trade, Collaborative work

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Report

The analysis explores several important topics related to the digital future, data as a global resource, e-commerce, and digital inclusivity. It emphasises the potential for growth that comes with the rapid pace of technological advancement, but also highlights the challenges in ensuring equal access for all.

When considering the digital future, it is clear that technological advancements hold great promise for economic development and innovation. The analysis points out that these advancements present numerous opportunities for growth. However, it also raises significant concerns about the need for ensuring equal access to these technologies.

There is a pressing need to address the existing inequalities in digital access and bridge the digital divide. The analysis also highlights the importance of data as a vital global resource. Data is generated by households, consumers, and citizens, and it is processed and analysed to derive valuable insights.

As such, data plays a crucial role in shaping various aspects of society, including policy-making and sustainable development efforts. Recognising its significance, partnerships and collaborations are seen as essential in effectively managing and leveraging data for the benefit of all.

In relation to e-commerce, the analysis points out the growth of membership and partnerships under the E-Trade initiative. This collective achievement reflects the commitment of multiple stakeholders to fostering economic growth and decent work. By promoting digital trade and collaborative work, these partnerships aim to create opportunities and bolster economic development in a sustainable manner.

Digital inclusivity emerges as a key theme throughout the analysis. Efforts to achieve digital inclusivity are recognised as crucial for ensuring that the benefits of the digital economy reach all individuals and communities. The analysis acknowledges that the path to digital inclusivity varies across different geographies and emphasises the importance of tailoring approaches to suit each unique context.

It calls for the development and implementation of inclusive policies and strategies that address the specific barriers and challenges faced by different regions. However, it is also important to note that the digital economy, despite its potential for growth, has the potential to deepen existing gaps between different parts of the world.

Unequal access and benefits from the digital economy contribute to the perpetuation of inequalities. This observation highlights the urgent need to address these disparities and ensure that digital advancements are leveraged to promote fairness and inclusivity. In conclusion, the analysis underscores the need for an inclusive and sustainable digital future.

It emphasises the opportunities for growth that come with technological advancements but also highlights the challenges and inequalities that need to be addressed. Efforts to achieve digital inclusivity and bridge the digital divide are crucial for ensuring that the benefits of the digital economy are accessible to all individuals and communities.

By recognising data as a global resource and fostering partnerships, the potential of digital technologies to drive economic development can be harnessed in a sustainable manner.

Arguments

A digital revolution is shaping Africa’s future, with significant growth in digital adoption driven by mobile availability and an eager youthful population.

Supporting facts:

• Over the last decade, there has been a notable surge in digital adoption in Africa.

• A youthful population and widespread mobile phone use have spurred this growth.

Topics: Digital Transformation, Digital Adoption, Youth Population, Mobile Technology

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Fintech industry is a primary propeller of digital evolution in Africa, facilitating growth in e-commerce and online services.

Supporting facts:

• Fintech sector accounted for nearly three of the five billion USD raised in venture capital funding in Africa in 2021.

• Several successful fintech companies are present in Africa, including 4E, M-Pesa, InterSwitch, FlutterWave, and Paystack.

Topics: Fintech, Digital Evolution, E-commerce

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Digital penetration is a precursor to digital transformation

Supporting facts:

• Before digital transformation, there is digital penetration

Topics: Digital Transformation, Digital Penetration

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Report

Africa is currently undergoing a significant digital revolution, driven by the widespread adoption of digital technology. This surge in digital adoption can be attributed to two main factors: the availability of mobile phones and a young population. Over the past decade, Africa has experienced a notable increase in digital adoption.

This growth has been propelled by the widespread availability of mobile phones, which have become increasingly affordable and accessible to the population. Mobile phones have become a catalyst for digital transformation, providing individuals with the means to access the internet and engage in various online activities.

The youthful population in Africa has played a crucial role in driving digital adoption. Young people, who are early adopters of technology and adept at navigating the digital landscape, have eagerly embraced digital technology. The digital transformation in Africa has had a significant impact on various sectors, including financial services, retail, and education.

In the financial services sector, digital transformation has enabled substantial growth, with the sector projected to grow at around 10% per annum and reach approximately $230 billion by 2025. Additionally, the retail sector has witnessed an increase in the number of online shoppers, projected to reach 217 million by 2028.

In the education sector, the use of digital platforms has seen a significant increase, from approximately 4 million users in 2017 to around 17 million users in 2023. This demonstrates how digital transformation is democratizing access to education and improving the quality of instruction.

The fintech industry has emerged as a primary driver of digital evolution in Africa. Successful fintech companies, including 4E, M-Pesa, InterSwitch, FlutterWave, and Paystack, have raised substantial venture capital funding and facilitated growth in e-commerce and online services. In 2021, the fintech sector accounted for almost three out of the five billion USD raised in venture capital funding in Africa.

While the benefits of digital transformation are evident, it is crucial to ensure the protection of online users. Policies and laws need to be put in place to safeguard individuals brought online and protect them from vulnerabilities. Failure to protect online users could result in the rapid depletion of the online population.

It is essential to develop and enforce regulations to address online risks and create a safe digital environment. In conclusion, Africa is undergoing a significant digital revolution, driven by the widespread adoption of digital technology. The availability of mobile phones and a young population have played a pivotal role in this digital transformation.

Various sectors, such as financial services, retail, and education, have experienced substantial growth and improvement as a result. However, it is crucial to implement policies and laws to protect online users and ensure the sustainability of the digital revolution in Africa.

Arguments

Challenges of digital transformation in Africa

Supporting facts:

• There is a disparity in terms of digital divide between men and women.

• Remote areas in Africa lack access to this digital transformation due to various constraints.

• Cybersecurity concerns also pose a challenge.

Topics: ICT, Energy, Remote areas, Literacy, Electricity, Cybersecurity

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Young people need to be equipped with future skills to avoid being left behind in the next industrial revolution.

Supporting facts:

• New ways of doing fashion involving AI and VR could create more jobs.

• 85 million jobs worldwide could be replaced by AI by 2025, however, 97 million jobs will be created.

Topics: Future skills, Industrial revolution, youth empowerment, job creation

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The fashion industry can contribute to SDGs by implementing responsible production and consumption, and by offering quality education and opportunities.

Supporting facts:

• Fashion is the third most polluting industry.

• Companies like Hisi Studio in Kenya are integrating braille into their clothing to make them more inclusive.

• Moving from the physical to the virtual world in fashion industry can reduce pollution caused by the industry.

Topics: Fashion industry, sustainable production and consumption, quality education, inclusivity

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Africans need to unite and act with one voice

Supporting facts:

• Need to harness opportunities together

• Disorganization could lead to lost opportunities

Topics: African unity, Coalitions, Partnerships

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Report

The challenges facing digital transformation in Africa are significant but not insurmountable. One major challenge is the digital divide between men and women. African women are less likely to have access to technology and digital skills, creating a gender imbalance in the digital era.

This divide not only affects opportunities for women but also hampers overall development. Another challenge is the lack of access to digital technologies in remote areas. Many regions in Africa still lack basic infrastructure like electricity and internet connectivity, making it difficult for people in these areas to benefit from the digital revolution.

This issue of limited access hinders progress and exacerbates existing inequalities. Cybersecurity concerns also pose a significant challenge to digital transformation in Africa. As technology advances, the risk of cyber threats and attacks increases. Without robust cybersecurity measures, African countries may find it challenging to fully embrace digital technologies and protect sensitive information.

Despite these challenges, there is optimism surrounding the role of fashion and creative industries in driving digital transformation. Initiatives such as Fashionomics Africa and the Creative African Nexus aim to grow the creative sector and leverage technological advancements such as artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR).

African artists are using AI and VR to tell authentic African stories, while storytelling and conveying African culture contribute to the continent’s digital transformation. Africa has a digital transformation strategy in place for the period 2020 to 2030. This strategy, supported by the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA) and Smart Africa, envisions affordable and widespread access to digital technologies across the continent.

The goal is to ensure that all Africans have access to a minimum bandwidth at a low cost and on devices manufactured in Africa by 2030. This strategy is a vital step towards bridging the digital divide and promoting inclusive growth.

In anticipation of the next industrial revolution, young people are encouraged to equip themselves with future skills to avoid being left behind. New ways of doing fashion involving AI and VR present opportunities for job creation. While automation may replace some jobs, it is predicted that a greater number of jobs will be created as a result of technological advancements.

The fashion industry can play a significant role in contributing to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). By implementing responsible production and consumption practices, the industry can address SDG 12 on responsible consumption and production. Additionally, initiatives like integrating braille into clothing by companies like Hisi Studio in Kenya promote inclusivity, contributing to SDG 4 on quality education.

Embracing technological advancements, such as virtual reality, can also reduce the negative environmental impact of the fashion industry. A final noteworthy observation is the call for African unity and cooperation to harness opportunities effectively. It is emphasized that Africans need to act as one and speak with one voice to maximize the continent’s potential.

Partnerships and coalitions are crucial to achieving sustainable development and driving digital transformation in Africa. In conclusion, while digital transformation in Africa presents several challenges, there are also opportunities for growth and development. Addressing the digital divide, improving infrastructure, ensuring cybersecurity, and leveraging the potential of fashion, creative industries, and technology are key strategies to drive digital transformation.

Furthermore, African unity and cooperation are critical for the continent to harness opportunities and achieve sustainable development goals. Through these efforts, Africa can overcome the challenges it faces and become a leader in the digital age.

Arguments

The gender digital divide in Africa impacts the economy and education

Supporting facts:

• Access to information and communication technology has been linked to advanced scientific research and academic successes and discoveries.

• The health of the society rests on the females because what women have to contribute impacts their children and, by extension, the greater economy.

Topics: Gender Inequality, Education, Economy

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Report

The gender digital divide in Africa has a negative impact on both the economy and education. Access to information and communication technology (ICT) has been linked to advancements in scientific research, academic achievements, and economic growth. Unfortunately, women in Africa are disproportionately affected by this divide, hindering their full participation in these areas.

Low female literacy is a major contributing factor to the gender digital divide. In the past, many parents did not believe that girls should receive an education, resulting in a general lack of literacy among women. This low literacy level makes females hesitant to engage with digital tools, worsening the divide.

Without the necessary literacy skills, women lack confidence in using digital technology and are therefore unable to access its full benefits. Bridging the gender digital divide in Africa would have significant positive effects on society and the economy. Access to digital technology can provide women with vital information and resources, empowering them and benefiting their families and communities.

Additionally, access to digital technology is crucial for obtaining information and resources, which are key elements in economic development. Addressing this divide requires efforts to improve access to digital technology and promote digital literacy among women in Africa. By investing in education and providing equal opportunities, African countries can empower women to fully participate in scientific research, academic pursuits, and the economy.

In conclusion, the gender digital divide in Africa negatively impacts the economy and education. Low female literacy contributes to this divide, preventing women from fully engaging with the digital world. However, bridging this divide can have significant positive impacts on society and the economy by empowering women and providing them with the necessary resources and information for personal and economic development.

It is crucial for African countries to take steps to close this divide through improved access and digital literacy initiatives.

Arguments

Digital technology has the potential to boost the economy and entrepreneurship in Africa.

Supporting facts:

• Digital technology can bridge divides and build future-proof workforces.

• Young people in Africa are leveraging on AI to bring change.

Topics: Digital Transformation, Economic Empowerment, Entrepreneurship

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Challenges faced in harnessing digital technology in Africa include limited internet connectivity, lack of infrastructure and policy misdirection.

Supporting facts:

• Lack of capacity to engage in what’s happening globally due to the workforce’s limited access.

• There are issues like cybercrime and digital breach.

Topics: Digital Transformation, Policy

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Understanding is lacking among policymakers about changes due to digital transformation

Supporting facts:

• Certain policies are pursued that hamper growth rather than supporting development.

• Next week’s discussion will focus on AI and international party cohabitation.

• Digital ecosystem must be encouraged by policy.

Topics: AI, Geographical Indication, Digital Ecosystem

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Digital transformation strategy for Africa is crucial

Supporting facts:

• Otsesi talked about the issue of having a digital transformation strategy for Africa.

Topics: digital transformation, strategy, Africa

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Important to measure and evaluate the impact of policies

Supporting facts:

• In policy space, we do policies, but there is no metrics to even evaluate and check the impact it’s having

Topics: policy evaluation, impact measurement

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Report

Digital technology has the potential to drive significant positive change in the economy and entrepreneurship in Africa. It can bridge divides and build future-proof workforces, opening up new opportunities for growth and development. This is evident as young people in Africa are already leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) to bring about positive changes in their communities.

However, there are several challenges that need to be overcome in order to harness the full potential of digital technology in Africa. Limited internet connectivity, lack of infrastructure, and policy misdirection remain significant barriers. These challenges hinder the capacity of the workforce to engage in global digital activities, limiting their ability to benefit from the opportunities presented by digital transformation.

Furthermore, issues such as cybercrime and digital breaches pose additional threats that need to be addressed. In order to overcome these challenges, it is crucial that proposed policies are inclusive, taking into consideration the needs and potential of women, youth, and marginalized groups.

By ensuring inclusivity, the potential of digital transformation can be fully harnessed, leading to more equitable and sustainable growth. Without considering these groups, the benefits of digital technology may not be fully realized. Establishing policies that foster a digital ecosystem is also essential for the successful implementation of digital transformation in Africa.

This requires creating an environment that encourages innovation, collaboration, and investment in digital technologies. Policies must support the development of robust digital infrastructure and provide the necessary frameworks for businesses to flourish in the digital age. Additionally, measuring and evaluating the impact of policies is crucial to ensure their effectiveness.

Currently, there is a lack of metrics to evaluate the impact of policies in the policy space. It is important to develop robust measurement and evaluation frameworks to assess the outcomes and effectiveness of policies, enabling policymakers to make informed decisions and drive meaningful change.

Furthermore, leveraging AI and big data is essential for future growth. AI and big data technologies hold immense potential for driving innovation, improving efficiency, and solving complex problems. By harnessing these technologies, Africa can position itself at the forefront of the global digital economy and drive collective prosperity.

In conclusion, digital technology has the potential to bring about significant positive changes in the economy and entrepreneurship in Africa. However, challenges such as limited internet connectivity, lack of infrastructure, and policy misdirection need to be addressed. By implementing inclusive policies, fostering a digital ecosystem, and leveraging AI and big data, Africa can fully harness the potential of digital transformation and drive sustainable and equitable growth.

It is also crucial to measure and evaluate the impact of policies to ensure their effectiveness. By doing so, Africa can position itself as a leader in the global digital economy and create a prosperous future for its people.

Arguments

Digital transformation is affecting both men and women as well as those who do not subscribe to strictly male or female gender roles.

Supporting facts:

• More women are getting involved in the tech industry.

• Online platforms provide women with unique opportunities.

• Digital transformation provides a voice for the marginalized.

Topics: Digital Transformation, Gender Diversity

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The gender divide in access to digital technologies still exists, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa.

Supporting facts:

• There is 37% access to technology and the Internet by women in Sub-Saharan Africa.

• Obstacles to women’s access to digital technology include economic disempowerment, social attitudes, skills gap, affordability of devices, illiteracy and lack of awareness.

Topics: Digital Divide, Gender Gap

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Digital transformation has a positive impact on advocating for the rights of intersex children.

Supporting facts:

• Bill dealing with intersex persons is under consideration in Kenya.

• Digital platforms allow persons of intersex gender to connect with like-minded people and advocate for their rights.

Topics: Digital Transformation, Intersex rights

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The way to move the continent is to encourage social conversations in every space

Topics: Social Conversations, Continental Development

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Report

The analysis delves into the impact of digital transformation on gender equality and inclusivity. It highlights key points related to women’s involvement in the tech industry and the opportunities provided by online platforms. The analysis suggests that digital transformation is positively affecting gender equality by enabling greater participation of women in the tech industry.

Online platforms are also playing a role in empowering women and promoting inclusivity. Additionally, the analysis acknowledges that there is still a gender divide in access to digital technologies, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Various factors, such as economic disempowerment, social attitudes, skills gap, affordability of devices, illiteracy, and lack of awareness, contribute to this divide.

These obstacles hinder women’s access to digital technology and limit the opportunities it can offer. Addressing these challenges is vital to achieving gender equality in digital inclusion. Furthermore, the analysis highlights the positive impact of digital transformation on advocating for the rights of intersex children.

In particular, it mentions that digital platforms allow individuals of intersex gender to connect with like-minded people and advocate for their rights. This demonstrates the potential of technology to facilitate social change and empower marginalized communities. In addition to the main arguments and evidence presented, the analysis emphasizes the importance of fostering social conversations in various spaces, including online platforms.

It suggests that engaging in discussions and promoting dialogue can contribute to overall development. This further underscores the potential of digital platforms to facilitate meaningful conversations, knowledge sharing, and collaboration for positive societal transformation. In conclusion, the analysis demonstrates both the positive and negative effects of digital transformation on gender equality and inclusivity.

While digital advancements have provided opportunities for women and marginalized groups, significant barriers and disparities persist. Addressing these challenges is essential to bridge the gender divide and ensure equal access to digital technologies for all. The analysis also highlights the power of digital platforms in advocating for the rights of intersex individuals and the importance of fostering social conversations for overall development.

Arguments

Digitization provides a level playing field for gender equality

Supporting facts:

• Stella Igabor – Mustapha belives Digitization has created a lot of opportunities for women, allowing them to participate more actively in society.

• Stella shared her personal experience where she had to fight for her right to education in a patriarchal society, thereby supporting her point that digitization is leveling the field.

Topics: Digital Transformation, Gender Equality

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Importance of collaboration and conversation for progress

Supporting facts:

• Conversations help in reviewing the vision and making necessary changes

Topics: Collaboration, Dialogue, Progress

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Report

The analysis features four speakers discussing various topics related to gender equality, digitization, education, collaboration, and learning. Stella Igabor-Mustapha firmly believes that digitization has opened up numerous opportunities for women, allowing them to actively participate in society. She supports her argument by sharing her personal experience of fighting for her right to education in a patriarchal society.

Stella’s story serves as evidence that digitization is helping to level the playing field for gender equality. Stella also emphasizes the crucial need to increase access to education and the digital world, particularly for girls and women. She highlights her role as a mentor for young girls, aiming to make them tech-savvy and equip them with the skills to seize the opportunities offered by digital transformation.

By empowering these girls to navigate the digital realm, Stella believes they will be better positioned to succeed in a rapidly changing world. Another speaker emphasizes the importance of collaboration and conversation for progress. They explain that engaging in conversations and collaborating with others is vital in reviewing and making necessary changes to achieve goals.

By working together and fostering dialogue, individuals and organizations can enhance their understanding and find innovative solutions to pressing issues. The speakers also express their gratitude for the platform that allows them to share their insights and learn from one another.

They extend their appreciation to Sam, the individual responsible for organizing the platform, and express their thanks to all participants. This display of gratitude demonstrates the importance of creating spaces for exchange and knowledge-sharing, where individuals can come together to discuss, learn, and collaborate.

Overall, this analysis highlights key themes of gender equality, the transformative power of digitization, the importance of education and mentorship, the role of collaboration in fostering progress, and the value of platforms for sharing and learning. It emphasizes the need to continue amplifying efforts towards achieving gender equality and leveraging digital advancements to empower individuals and drive positive change in society.

Arguments

Digital trade is an engine of growth.

Supporting facts:

• Digital trade affects all levels of development and is a strong engine for growth.

• There’s no way currently to engage in trade unless involved in digital trade.

Topics: Digital Trade, Growth

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The digital divide is real.

Supporting facts:

• The divide can be seen in both practical and government levels.

Topics: Digital Divide, Development

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The WTO aims to establish rules on digital trade.

Supporting facts:

• Existing WTO rules are old and don’t fit the current system.

• The WTO is engaged in technical assistance and capacity-building to help countries at all levels of development take advantage of digital trade benefits.

Topics: WTO, Digital Trade, Rules

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A moratorium on the collection of customs duties on e-commerce is vital to the growth of digital trade.

Supporting facts:

• The moratorium is set to expire at the WTO’s ministerial meeting in February.

• Many members believe that a continuous moratorium on the collection of customs duties is essential to promoting digital trade.

Topics: Digital Trade, Customs Duties, E-commerce

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Emphasis on developing the connectivity infrastructure and regulatory framework for facilitating digital trade

Supporting facts:

• Focus on practical issues like hardware and regulatory framework

• Importance of privacy and liability

Topics: Digital trade, Regulatory framework, Infrastructure

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Incremental approach towards addressing digital trade issues in Africa

Supporting facts:

• Joint policy note with the World Bank

• Three step approach: identifying issues, implementing pilot programs, expansion

Topics: Africa, Digital trade

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Need for rules in digital trade

Supporting facts:

• Digital trade covers every single aspect of trade

Topics: Digital trade, E-commerce

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Digital trade is a great opportunity for empowerment and to help communities

Supporting facts:

• Digital trade could help fix some mistakes of trade in the past

• It can help developed members with pockets of poverty and least developed countries

Topics: Digital trade, Empowerment, Community development

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Report

Digital trade is widely recognized as a powerful driver of economic growth and development. It has the potential to fuel economic prosperity at all levels and is viewed as an engine of growth. This is supported by the fact that digital trade affects every aspect of trade and commerce.

In fact, it is currently impossible to engage in trade without being involved in digital trade. The positive sentiment surrounding digital trade emphasizes its ability to create opportunities for businesses and individuals alike. However, one major challenge in the digital era is the existence of the digital divide.

This divide can be observed at practical and governmental levels. This means that not everyone has equal access to digital technologies and the internet, leaving some individuals and communities at a disadvantage. The negative sentiment surrounding the digital divide highlights this as a real issue that needs urgent attention.

Efforts should be made to bridge this divide and ensure that everyone has equal access to the opportunities presented by the digital world. The World Trade Organization (WTO) plays a significant role in the digital trade landscape. It aims to establish updated rules and regulations to govern digital trade.

Existing WTO rules are considered outdated and not aligned with the current digital system. To assist countries at all stages of development in reaping the benefits of digital trade, the WTO engages in technical assistance and capacity-building programs. The positive sentiment is driven by the recognition of the need for comprehensive rules and guidelines to govern the evolving field of digital trade.

One specific area of contention is the collection of customs duties on e-commerce. Many members of the WTO believe that a continuous moratorium on the collection of customs duties is essential to promoting digital trade. This view is based on the argument that imposing duties on e-commerce does not generate significant revenue, as studies, including those conducted with the International Monetary Fund (IMF), have shown.

Furthermore, it is argued that there are more efficient ways of collecting revenue. However, there are opposing views as well, with some arguing against the collection of customs duties on e-commerce. It is highlighted that the existing studies show that imposing duties on e-commerce does not yield substantial revenue.

Additionally, it is believed that more effective methods of revenue collection can be utilized. In order to facilitate digital trade, a strong emphasis is placed on developing connectivity infrastructure and regulatory frameworks. This includes addressing practical issues related to hardware as well as establishing robust privacy and liability regulations.

It is recognized that without the necessary infrastructure and regulations in place, achieving the full potential of digital trade will be challenging. Another aspect that is considered necessary for the successful facilitation of digital trade is skill development. It is argued that alongside promoting digital trade, there should be a focus on building and enhancing the skills required to effectively engage in digital trade.

This positive sentiment recognizes the importance of providing individuals with the necessary knowledge and competencies to navigate the digital landscape. Africa has adopted an incremental approach in addressing digital trade issues. This involves identifying the specific challenges, implementing pilot programs to test potential solutions, and then expanding successful initiatives.

This positive sentiment reflects a practical and measured approach to tackling the complex issues surrounding digital trade in the African context. Partnerships are seen as essential in leveraging the benefits of digital trade. It is emphasized that partnerships should involve national governments, the private sector, and civil society.

This promotes collaboration, knowledge-sharing, and synergy among different stakeholders. The positive sentiment towards partnerships recognizes the importance of collective efforts in effectively utilizing digital trade for sustainable development. In conclusion, digital trade is widely regarded as a powerful driver of economic growth, with the potential to bridge inequalities and empower communities.

However, the digital divide remains a significant challenge that needs to be addressed. The establishment of updated rules and regulations to govern digital trade is crucial, and the World Trade Organization plays a central role in this regard. The collection of customs duties on e-commerce is a debated issue, and the development of connectivity infrastructure and regulatory frameworks is essential.

Skill development should be prioritized in conjunction with facilitating digital trade. Africa is taking an incremental approach to tackle digital trade issues, and partnerships are recognized as vital in properly utilizing digital trade for sustainable development.

Arguments

Building trust is crucial in the digital economy.

Supporting facts:

• When e-commerce started appearing, traders had to identify who they were trading to, what they were trading, and establish some transactional rules to make sure that the transaction can be trusted.

Topics: digital trade, e-commerce, online platforms

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In the digital economy, new types of commodities are being traded.

Supporting facts:

• In the digital economy, traders are dealing with new commodities like digital assets, cryptocurrencies, data, and carbon credits.

Topics: digital assets, cryptocurrencies, data, AI, carbon credits

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Existing legal rules of trade may not be applicable to digital economy.

Supporting facts:

• Legal frameworks need to be developed for new forms of trade and commodities, such as digital assets and carbon credits.

Topics: trade laws, digital economy, e-commerce

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The law is for everyone and doesn’t single out particular actors or sectors

Supporting facts:

• When harmonizing, policy priorities are not easy to incorporate into a model law on digital trade.

Topics: Law, Digital Trade, Inclusivity

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Special attention to women or men entrepreneurs is not payed in UNCITRAL’s legal frameworks

Supporting facts:

• UNCITRAL doesn’t differentiate between men and women in their legal frameworks for digital trade.

Topics: UNCITRAL, Entrepreneurs, Women, Men

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Two major challenges for women entrepreneurs and MSMEs in digital trade are moving from informal to formal economy and access to credit

Supporting facts:

• Until businesses become formal, they cannot benefit from government laws and policies.

• Access to credit is key for business sustainability.

Topics: Women Entrepreneurs, Digital Trade, Formal Economy, Credit Access

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Digital trade is taking over from e-commerce

Supporting facts:

• Digital trade involves trading platforms, forming what is called the ‘platform economy’

• Digital trade focuses on trading digital goods and digital assets

Topics: E-commerce, Digital Trade, Digital Economy

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Partnerships are extremely important

Topics: Partnerships, Value addition

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Report

In the analysis, the speakers discuss various aspects of the digital economy and its impact on trade. One of the key points raised is the importance of building trust in the digital economy. The speakers highlight that trust is crucial for successful transactions, particularly in e-commerce where traders need to establish transactional rules to ensure trustworthiness.

This implies that trust is a foundational element for the growth and sustainability of the digital economy. Another aspect discussed is the emergence of new types of commodities in the digital economy. The speakers mention digital assets, cryptocurrencies, data, and carbon credits as examples of these new commodities.

This highlights the evolving nature of trade in the digital economy and the need for appropriate frameworks to govern the trading of these commodities. It is pointed out that existing legal rules may not be applicable to these new forms of trade and commodities.

Therefore, there is a need for the development of legal frameworks tailored to the digital economy. The importance of legal frameworks for thriving digital trade is emphasized. The speakers mention specific efforts by Joubin-Bret’s organization in developing frameworks for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), digital identity and trust services, and electronically transferable records.

This highlights the need for legal regulations to support and enable digital trade, particularly for MSMEs. Gender equality in legal frameworks for digital trade is also discussed. It is noted that the UNCITRAL does not differentiate between men and women in their legal frameworks.

However, it is highlighted that UNCITRAL indirectly caters to specific issues faced by women through its dedicated frameworks and work for MSMEs. This suggests that efforts are being made to address gender-related challenges in the digital economy. Challenges faced by women entrepreneurs and MSMEs in digital trade are highlighted.

Moving from the informal to the formal economy and access to credit are identified as two major challenges. It is pointed out that until businesses become formal, they cannot fully benefit from government laws and policies, and access to credit is crucial for business sustainability.

Therefore, addressing these challenges is essential for promoting women entrepreneurs’ participation and success in digital trade. In terms of the future of trade, it is observed that digital trade is taking over from e-commerce. The speakers emphasize that the current generation is more inclined towards digital trade, considering it the future of commerce.

This shift in focus indicates the growing importance of digital trade as a key driver of economic growth and development. The significance of partnerships in the digital economy is also underscored. The speakers highlight the importance of partnerships for achieving the goals of the digital economy.

While no specific evidence or arguments are provided to support this point, it is noted as a noteworthy observation. In conclusion, the analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the discussions on the digital economy and trade. It highlights the key points made by the speakers, including the importance of trust, the need for legal frameworks tailored to the digital economy, challenges faced by women entrepreneurs and MSMEs, the growing prominence of digital trade, and the significance of partnerships.

The analysis provides valuable insights into the current landscape of the digital economy and the factors shaping its growth and development.

Arguments

Digital trade is taking over instead of e-commerce

Topics: Digital trade, E-commerce

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There is a significant digital divide between developed and developing countries.

Supporting facts:

• 82% of electronic trade takes place in developed countries

• half of the world’s population doesn’t even know what a computer is

• only 360 million people have computers

Topics: digital trade, e-commerce, digital inclusion, sustainable development

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Consideration for new labour rules in digital economy

Supporting facts:

• Workers are becoming more sedentary due to the digital economy

• Potential health issues due to long hours focusing on computers and gadgets.

Topics: Digital Economy, Labour Rules, Health Issues

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Report

Experts predict that digital trade is gaining momentum and may surpass e-commerce in the future. This transition to digital trade has significant implications for the economy, driven by technological advancements and the increasing reliance on digital platforms for business transactions.

However, concerns arise about the digital divide between developed and developing countries. Current statistics reveal that 82% of electronic trade occurs in developed countries, highlighting a substantial disparity. Moreover, only 360 million individuals worldwide have computer access, indicating a lack of technological infrastructure in many regions.

This digital divide hinders the participation of developing countries in the global digital economy. To address this issue, experts advocate for a global digital compact and collaborative efforts. By promoting digital inclusion and bridging the digital divide, these initiatives aim to ensure equal opportunities for all countries to engage in the digital economy.

This not only reduces inequalities but also contributes to the achievement of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Additionally, the rise of the digital economy brings new challenges for workers. Increased reliance on technology leads to more sedentary lifestyles, resulting in potential health issues.

Prolonged exposure to computers and gadgets can have detrimental effects on physical and mental well-being. Consequently, there is a call to develop or adjust labour rules to protect workers in the digital economy. These regulations should address the changing nature of work and safeguard workers against the potential risks associated with sedentary jobs.

In conclusion, digital trade is becoming a dominant force in the global economy, potentially surpassing e-commerce. However, the digital divide between developed and developing countries presents a significant challenge to achieving inclusive growth. Bridging this gap requires collaborative initiatives and the creation of a global digital compact.

Additionally, prioritising the well-being of workers in the digital economy necessitates the establishment of appropriate labour rules. Taking a comprehensive approach will enable the harnessing of digital trade’s benefits while ensuring equitable participation and safeguarding workers’ health and rights.

Arguments

In turbulent times, digital connectivity has come to the center of trade for SMEs

Supporting facts:

• They work particularly on enabling SMEs to interact with local and international markets

• COVID-19 crisis has seen government and private sector and development organizations putting in place digital-focused initiatives

Topics: SMEs, Digital trade, COVID-19

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There are four main challenges faced by SMEs

Supporting facts:

• Lack of access to appropriate market opportunities is a challenge

• Management skills and capabilities in a new market space is a challenge

• Lack of information about how to take advantage of digital trade is a challenge

• Accessibility to other support services and finance is a challenge

Topics: SMEs, Market opportunities, Management skills, Information, Financial access

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Partnership is essential to address the breadth of issues in digital trade.

Supporting facts:

• Issues in digital trade spread across different segments of stakeholders

• No single entity can deal with the issues alone

Topics: international cooperation, digital trade, partnership

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Leveraging resources, expertise is critical for sustainable digital trade.

Topics: capacity building, sustainable digital trade, financial perspective, technical expertise

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An integrated approach is needed to address systemic issues in digital trade infrastructure.

Supporting facts:

• Trade assistance should go beyond specific mandates and address broader issues

• An integrated approach can help institutions understand the breadth of issues needed to be addressed

Topics: e-trade, integrated approach, infrastructure

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Ongoing and potential new collaborations are crucial for achieving objectives in digital trade.

Supporting facts:

• Has worked with CAVA and GSMA

• Co-chairs a joint working group under the Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development

Topics: collaboration, CAVA, GSMA, Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development

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Partnerships are crucial for ensuring access to information and support for digital trade

Supporting facts:

• Mentioned importance of making sure that miss means have access to right information to support decision making

• Stressed on finding innovative ways to close the digital gender gap

Topics: Digital Trade, Partnerships, Innovation

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Report

In today’s turbulent times, digital connectivity has taken center stage for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the field of trade. The COVID-19 pandemic has further accelerated the adoption of digital technologies, leading to an increased focus on digital trade initiatives by governments, private sector entities, and development organizations.

This positive sentiment demonstrates the recognition of digital connectivity as a central aspect of SMEs’ trade operations. However, SMEs face significant challenges in adapting to digital trade. The first challenge is the lack of access to appropriate market opportunities, hindering their growth potential.

Additionally, the lack of management skills and capabilities in unfamiliar market spaces poses a substantial obstacle. SMEs must develop the necessary skills to succeed in new digital trade environments. Furthermore, the absence of information on how to leverage digital trade exacerbates the difficulties faced by SMEs.

Finally, accessibility to support services and finance is also a key challenge for SMEs. To address these challenges, the International Trade Centre (ITC) takes a comprehensive approach. They focus on creating a trade-enabling environment, working on policy aspects and supporting micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs).

The ITC aims to facilitate SMEs’ interactions with local and international markets. This positive stance towards supporting SMEs aligns with Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure) and SDG 17 (Partnerships for the Goals). Partnerships play a vital role in supporting SMEs and scaling up initiatives.

The ITC has formed partnerships with notable entities such as Alibaba, CAVA, and others. Their targeted initiative called ‘SwitchOn’ aims to reach out to 20,000 entrepreneurs by 2025. Collaboration and partnership among stakeholders is essential to address the breadth of issues in digital trade.

Leveraging resources and expertise is critical for sustainable digital trade. The ITC advocates for an integrated approach that goes beyond specific mandates and focuses on addressing systemic issues in digital trade infrastructure. Inclusiveness is another key aspect that emerges from the analysis.

The ITC promotes inclusiveness in digital trade by involving individuals who do not traditionally participate in such processes. Collaboration remains crucial for achieving objectives in digital trade. The ITC has collaborated with organizations like CAVA, GSMA, and the Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development.

Ongoing and potential future collaborations are instrumental in achieving desired outcomes in digital trade. Partnerships are crucial for ensuring access to information and support for digital trade. The importance of providing the right information to support decision-making is emphasized. Additionally, there is a call for innovative approaches to bridge the digital gender gap, ensuring equal access and opportunities for women in the digital trade sector.

To close the digital gender gap, customized solutions with specific targets are considered key. Tailoring initiatives to address the specific needs and challenges faced by women in digital trade can lead to significant progress towards achieving gender equality. In conclusion, this expanded summary highlights the growing reliance on digital connectivity for SMEs in trade, particularly due to the COVID-19 crisis.

It identifies the challenges faced by SMEs in adopting digital trade and emphasizes the efforts of the ITC to address these challenges through a comprehensive approach and partnerships. Collaboration, inclusiveness, and customized solutions are identified as critical for achieving sustainable and equitable digital trade.

Arguments

Isabelle Kumar emphasises the importance of trade as part of the solution for inclusive digital transformation

Supporting facts:

• Isabelle Kumar leads the discussion on how to ensure the digital transformation safeguards the rights, promotes inclusive opportunities and protects business interests across different sectors.

• Isabelle Kumar notes that the upcoming discussion will provide valuable insights to build the recommendations for equitable digital trade future.

Topics: Digital Trade, Inclusivity, Digital Transformation

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ARIA’s role is to provide evidence-based policy recommendations and to accelerate discussions in international meetings such as G20 or G7

Supporting facts:

• ARIA conducts academic research to analyse areas for improvement and advantages

• ARIA is an international organisation focusing on ASEAN and East Asia

Topics: ARIA, Economic research, Policy recommendations

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ARIA is establishing a new centre for digital innovation and sustainable economies

Supporting facts:

• The new centre aims to make a platform for collaboration with policy makers and business sectors

• It gathers opinions from the business sectors to identify barriers for progressing the digital innovation

• ARIA is focusing on how to strengthen start-ups in ASEAN

Topics: Digital innovation, Sustainable economies, Start-ups

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Questioning the feasibility and impact of introducing artificial intelligence in developing countries, especially in terms of worker rights.

Topics: Artificial Intelligence, Developing Countries, Worker Rights

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Report

Isabelle Kumar, an advocate for inclusive digital transformation, emphasises the crucial role of trade as part of the solution. She believes that trade can contribute to achieving inclusive digital transformation by safeguarding rights, promoting inclusivity, and protecting business interests across different sectors.

This highlights the need for digital transformation initiatives to prioritise the welfare and opportunities of all stakeholders. In her discussions with Mia Seppo from the International Labour Organization (ILO), Isabelle Kumar underscores the importance of achieving digital transformation while protecting workers’ rights and opportunities.

This dialogue aims to build recommendations for a progressive digital trade environment that ensures decent work and economic growth. By considering the impact on workers, it seeks to mitigate any negative consequences of digital innovation. ARIA, an international organisation focusing on ASEAN and East Asia, plays a vital role in the digital transformation landscape.

They conduct academic research to identify areas for improvement and advantages, providing evidence-based policy recommendations. Their contributions help accelerate discussions in international meetings such as the G20 or G7, facilitating the formulation of informed policies. Recognising the significance of digital innovation and sustainable economies, ARIA is establishing a new centre for collaboration between policymakers and businesses.

By gathering opinions from the business sector, the centre aims to identify barriers hindering progress in the digital sphere. Additionally, ARIA focuses on strengthening start-ups in ASEAN, contributing to the development of sustainable and innovative economies. Isabelle Kumar acknowledges the importance of measuring digital trade in evaluating the effectiveness of policies.

She highlights her discussions with the World Bank on their work in Africa and mentions a handbook that provides guidance on measuring digital trade. By emphasising the need for measurement, Isabelle stresses the importance of evidence-based decision-making in shaping digital trade policies.

There is a question regarding the feasibility and impact of introducing artificial intelligence (AI) in developing countries, particularly with regard to worker rights. This raises concerns about potential inequalities and job displacement resulting from the adoption of AI-driven digital transformations.

Isabelle Kumar expresses her curiosity about how the ILO plans to address these challenges and protect workers’ rights in this era of technological advancement. Overall, the discussions and engagements led by Isabelle Kumar and the involvement of organizations such as ARIA and the ILO underline the importance of an inclusive, rights-based, and evidence-informed approach in achieving digital transformation that benefits all stakeholders.

Arguments

ARIA’s main target is ASEAN and East Asia, providing policy recommendations and evidences through economic research

Supporting facts:

• ARIA is an economic research institute and international organisation

• ARIA provides policy recommendation to ASEAN and East Asia meeting, G20, and G7 meetings

Topics: ARIA, ASEAN, East Asia, Economic Research

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ARIA has set up a new centre for digital innovation and sustainable economies

Supporting facts:

• The role of the new centre is to provide a platform for collaboration between policy makers and business sectors

Topics: Digital Innovation, Sustainable Economies, Policy Making

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ARIA focuses on strengthening start-ups in ASEAN as they will be major players in the future

Supporting facts:

• ARIA holds events and activities aimed at establishing a start-up ecosystem in ASEAN and East Asia

Topics: Start-ups, ASEAN, Digital Economies

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The need for Inclusiveness and addressing gender issues

Supporting facts:

• Research shows that the gender divide is increased because of COVID-19

Topics: Inclusiveness, Gender Issues, COVID-19

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The rule and regulations should not only be within a specific region

Topics: Rule and Regulation, Regionalism

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Importance of changing mindset

Topics: Mindset

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Report

The analysis reveals several key findings about ARIA, an economic research institute and international organization. Firstly, ARIA provides policy recommendations to meetings in ASEAN and East Asia, as well as influential gatherings such as the G20 and G7. This highlights the significance of ARIA’s role in shaping economic policies and fostering collaboration among these regions.

Furthermore, ARIA places a strong emphasis on supporting startups in ASEAN, recognizing their potential as major players in the future. They actively organize events and activities aimed at establishing a vibrant startup ecosystem in ASEAN and East Asia, which showcases ARIA’s commitment to economic growth and innovation.

In line with their focus on innovation, ARIA has recently established a new centre for digital innovation and sustainable economies. This center serves as a platform for collaboration between policymakers and business sectors, fostering partnerships that promote digital innovation and advance sustainable economic practices.

This demonstrates ARIA’s dedication to addressing modern challenges and harnessing the potential of digital economies. The analysis also highlights the importance of inclusivity and addressing gender issues. Research findings show that the gender divide has increased due to the impact of COVID-19.

This underscores the need for ARIA and other organizations to prioritize inclusiveness and gender equality in their policy recommendations and initiatives, ensuring that all members of society can benefit from economic growth and development. Additionally, the analysis suggests that rules and regulations should not be confined to specific regions.

Instead, they should be inclusive and applicable to a broader context, promoting peace, justice, and strong institutions. This observation emphasizes the importance of fostering collaboration and harmonizing regulations at a global level. Lastly, the analysis brings attention to the significance of changing mindsets.

While specific evidence or arguments are not provided in this regard, it suggests that adopting a more open and adaptable mindset is crucial in navigating complex economic and social challenges. In conclusion, ARIA’s work focuses on providing policy recommendations and evidence through economic research, primarily targeting ASEAN and East Asia.

Their efforts include strengthening startups, establishing a centre for digital innovation and sustainable economies, and promoting inclusivity and gender equality. The analysis highlights the need for global collaboration, inclusive regulations, and a mindset shift to effectively address current and future challenges.

Arguments

Regulating the digital platforms is crucial to safeguard labor rights, fair working conditions, and social protection

Supporting facts:

• Regulation of digital platforms involves reviewing existing legislation, laws, and practices

• There are new forms of regulation emerging like collective bargaining agreements

Topics: Digital transformation, Labor rights, Social protection

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International policy dialogue and coordination are essential to handle the complexities of regulating digital platforms

Supporting facts:

• Regulating digital platforms involves handling linkage across multiple jurisdictions

Topics: Digital platforms, International policy dialogue

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AI will have huge implications for the organization of work

Supporting facts:

• The ILO is analyzing and deepening the understanding of how AI can be incorporated in the workplace in a way that ensures productivity, enhances innovation, upholds workers’ rights, prevents discriminatory practices, and promotes transitions.

Topics: Artificial Intelligence, Work Organization

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Fear of job substitution by AI might be overemphasized

Supporting facts:

• An ILO study in 2023 showed an opportunity to augment work through AI, linked to skilling. The impact of automation is expected to be 5.5% on total employment in the northern countries and 0.4% in low-income countries.

Topics: Artificial Intelligence, Job Substitution

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AI is expected to impact the quality of jobs

Supporting facts:

• AI may affect work intensity and autonomy and give more opportunities for engaging work without limiting workers’ agency and voice.

Topics: Artificial Intelligence, Work Quality

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ILO is commencing the process of creating the first global instrument regarding labor laws and work organization, which is to start at the 113th International Labour Conference in 2025 and ideally conclude in 2026.

Supporting facts:

• The instrument will address changes in labor organization, definitional issues of contractual status and workers.

Topics: Workers’ rights, Employment, Labour laws

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Worker well-being and occupational safety and health have been identified as fundamental labor rights.

Supporting facts:

• There are lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic with respect to worker well-being.

• The advocacy for these rights is a key area for ILO in partnership with others.

• The ILO is working with member states for processes of ratification and implementation.

Topics: Health and safety, Well-being, COVID-19

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Equal access of opportunities should be ensured in the digital world

Supporting facts:

• Ensuring equal access of opportunities to workers in terms of skills, decent working conditions, labor and social protection

• Supporting small and medium enterprises by ensuring access to opportunities

Topics: Digital Trade, Digital Divide, Access to Opportunities

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Report

Regulating digital platforms is crucial for protecting labour rights, ensuring fair working conditions, and providing social protection. The process involves reviewing existing legislation, laws, and practices to ensure that they are adequate in the digital age. Additionally, new forms of regulation, such as collective bargaining agreements, are emerging to address the unique challenges posed by digital platforms.

International policy dialogue and coordination are essential when it comes to regulating digital platforms. These platforms operate across multiple jurisdictions, making it necessary for countries to work together and address the complexities involved. The International Labour Organization (ILO) recognizes the importance of international cooperation in effectively regulating digital platforms.

The ILO strongly advocates for targeted support to micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) to help them access the digital economy. Without addressing the skills gaps and digital divide, there will be an uneven playing field. As part of this effort, the ILO has partnered with Microsoft to support 30,000 female entrepreneurs in 10 countries, enabling them to access the digital market.

Social dialogue is seen by the ILO as a key tool in ensuring fair competition and decent work. By bringing together workers, employers, and government representatives, social dialogue helps establish and maintain fair competition practices and ensures workers’ rights are protected.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is expected to have a significant impact on the organization of work. The ILO is conducting research and analysis to deepen understanding of how AI can be incorporated into the workplace in a way that ensures productivity, enhances innovation, upholds workers’ rights, prevents discriminatory practices, and promotes smooth transitions.

While there is fear of job substitution by AI, the ILO suggests this concern may be overemphasized. A study conducted by the ILO in 2023 showed that the impact of automation on total employment is expected to be 5.5% in northern countries and 0.4% in low-income countries.

These figures indicate that the impact of AI on job substitution may not be as significant as feared. AI is also expected to impact the quality of jobs. It may affect work intensity and autonomy, but it can also provide more opportunities for engaging work without limiting workers’ agency and voice.

The ILO emphasizes the importance of monitoring and regulating AI to ensure its impact on work quality is positive. The ILO supports the regulation of AI, taking into account its effect on working conditions. Mia Seppo, Director of the ILO Office for Coordination in the Arab States, suggests using existing mechanisms for social dialogue and tripartite consultations to ensure orderly, fair, and consultative transitions.

In AI policymaking, the ILO advises including the voices of workers, employers, businesses, and government. By considering the human aspect of AI workplace transitions and promoting inclusivity and fairness, policy decisions can be made that benefit all stakeholders. The ILO is also commencing the process of creating the first global instrument regarding labor laws and work organization.

This instrument will address changes in labor organization, definitional issues of contractual status and workers. Ideally, this process will conclude by 2026, after starting at the 113th International Labour Conference in 2025. Worker well-being and occupational safety and health are identified as fundamental labor rights by the ILO.

Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic have led to a renewed focus on protecting worker well-being. The ILO is actively working with member states to ensure the ratification and implementation of measures that promote worker well-being and occupational safety. In conclusion, the ILO recognizes the need for regulating digital platforms to safeguard labour rights, fair working conditions, and social protection.

The complexities involved call for international policy dialogue and coordination. The organization also emphasizes the importance of supporting MSMEs in accessing the digital economy and addressing the potential impact of AI on the organization of work. Social dialogue, AI regulation, and inclusive policymaking are key aspects of the ILO’s approach.

By creating a global instrument for labor laws and work organization, the ILO aims to address the emerging challenges and ensure the protection of worker well-being.

Arguments

Digital trade has the potential to significantly boost inclusive and sustainable development

Supporting facts:

• Opens up new markets and opportunities for medium and small enterprises in developing countries

• Services by Postal sector make digital trade accessible to a broader audience

• Indonesian post office services 2.1 million SMEs

Topics: digital trade, inclusive development

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Challenges for small businesses and enterprises in participating in digital trade are not just technological but also include human elements such as language, culture, and local support services

Supporting facts:

• Postal sector services global population, facilitating inclusion from all parts of the community

• Indonesian post office services more than half a million SMEs, including many women-led businesses

Topics: digital trade, small businesses, culture, language, local support

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To unlock the full potential of digital trade, a robust enabling environment is required which includes reliable and secure digital infrastructure, clear regulatory frameworks, and policies that encourage innovation and investment

Supporting facts:

• Postal sector provides the physical infrastructure needed for the delivery of goods trading digitally

• Postal sector can contribute to sustainable digital connectivity and digital service delivery

Topics: digital trade, digital infrastructure, regulatory frameworks, innovation, investment

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partnerships are vital to be able to address these issues

Supporting facts:

• UPU is working with member governments to try and address these gaps and challenges

• The collaboration on the assessments that E-Trade for All is doing to assess the challenges

Topics: Postal Services, Digital Economy, Logistical Challenges

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we need a whole-of-government approach to addressing these challenges

Supporting facts:

• encourage governments to take a whole-of-government approach to addressing these challenges and developing the digital economy

Topics: Government Intervention, Digital Economy, Logistical Challenges

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working to modernize postal services and enhance logistics environment in African Countries

Supporting facts:

• working with, for example, the African Union on roadmaps for digitalisation of postal services and enhancing the logistics environment in African countries

Topics: Postal Services, Logistical Challenges, Digitalisation

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Digital trade is both digital and human and physical

Supporting facts:

• Paul Donohoe emphasized the combined importance of digital and physical aspects in digital trade.

Topics: Digital Trade, Complimentary Initiatives, Physical Jobs

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Report

Digital trade has the potential to significantly boost inclusive and sustainable development by opening up new markets and opportunities for medium and small enterprises in developing countries. Postal sector services play a vital role in making digital trade accessible to a wider audience, enabling more businesses, even in remote areas, to participate in the global market.

For instance, the Indonesian post office services approximately 2.1 million small and medium enterprises (SMEs), empowering them to engage in digital trade. Despite the opportunities digital trade presents, small businesses and enterprises face challenges beyond technology, including language, culture, and local support services.

Overcoming these obstacles is crucial to create a more inclusive and diverse digital trade ecosystem. Addressing language and cultural barriers and improving local support services can greatly enhance the participation of small businesses and enterprises in digital trade. To unlock the full potential of digital trade, it is necessary to establish a robust enabling environment.

This includes reliable and secure digital infrastructure, clear regulatory frameworks, and policies that encourage innovation and investment. These elements are essential for fostering a sustainable digital trade ecosystem that benefits all stakeholders. Promoting digital literacy and ensuring cybersecurity measures are also vital for businesses engaging in digital trade.

Enhancing digital literacy skills and protecting digital assets enable businesses to navigate the digital landscape confidently and seize opportunities presented by digital trade. Partnerships and a holistic approach involving the whole government are crucial in addressing logistical challenges associated with digital trade and driving the development of the digital economy.

The Universal Postal Union (UPU) collaborates with member governments to address gaps and challenges in digital trade. Partnerships are also fundamental in fostering an environment that supports inclusive digital trade and facilitates the resolution of growth hindrances. Efforts are underway to modernize postal services and improve the logistics environment in African countries.

The UPU collaborates with the African Union to develop roadmaps for the digitalization of postal services and enhance the logistics environment. These initiatives aim to improve connectivity and contribute to the overall development of digital trade in the region. It is essential to recognize that digital trade encompasses both digital and physical aspects.

While digital connectivity and advancements are crucial, prioritizing and supporting physical jobs alongside digital trade is equally important. By complementing digital trade with physical jobs, a well-rounded and inclusive approach can be achieved, ensuring that the benefits of digital trade are shared among individuals and communities.

In conclusion, digital trade has the potential to foster inclusive and sustainable development by providing new opportunities for small and medium enterprises in developing countries. However, addressing challenges related to language, culture, and local support services is crucial for equal participation.

An enabling environment with reliable digital infrastructure, clear regulations, and policies is necessary for successful digital trade implementation. Promoting digital literacy and ensuring cybersecurity are essential for businesses engaging in digital trade. Partnerships and a whole-of-government approach are vital for addressing logistical challenges and developing the digital economy.

Efforts to modernize postal services and enhance the logistics environment in African countries are also ongoing. Finally, maintaining a balance between digital and physical jobs in the digital trade ecosystem is important for an inclusive and sustainable approach.

Arguments

Developing and implementing inclusive digital trade policies is crucial for aiding the Global South.

Supporting facts:

• India’s Digital India Initiative is an example of digital trade policy being successful

• India is committed to share digital public infrastructure with developing countries

Topics: Digital Trade, Inclusive Policy Making, Global South

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Cyber security is increasingly becoming relevant with the growth of the digital economy

Supporting facts:

• Digital warfare through cyberspace can potentially cause enormous harm to digital systems

Topics: Cyber Security, Digital Economy, Technology

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Strong telecommunications infrastructure is vital for the implementation of a robust digital economy

Supporting facts:

• Without a good telecommunications setup, a digital economy cannot thrive

Topics: Telecommunications, Digital Economy, Infrastructure

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Broadband infrastructure is a critical input for the digital economy

Supporting facts:

• South Korea has successfully implemented strong broadband infrastructure

Topics: Broadband Infrastructure, Digital Economy

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Investment in infrastructure is often overlooked but fundamentally important for digital advancement

Supporting facts:

• Most conversations revolve around software development, but hardware is just as critical

Topics: Investment, Infrastructure

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Smartphones are becoming a key tool in bridging the digital divide in areas like rural India

Supporting facts:

• A group of rural women in India have accessed global markets via e-commerce using smartphones

• Smartphone prices have decreased, making them more accessible

Topics: Smartphone Technology, Digital Divide, Rural Development

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Civil society and non-governmental organizations like CUTS can contribute to shaping a fair and inclusive digital lead

Supporting facts:

• CUTS has capacity to research and advocate for an inclusive digital trade policy

• CUTS has hands-on experience in working on ground level and contextualizing it in policy space

Topics: civil society, non-governmental organizations, inclusive digital trade policy, marginalized communities

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Civil society and non-governmental organisations like CUTS contribute to a fair and sustainable digital environment through training and capacity-building initiatives

Supporting facts:

• Extra-departmental agents in India were trained to be computer-savvy so they could operate e-kiosks and manage a variety of online services

• These initiatives are happening across 5,000 villages in India

Topics: Digital Divide, Capacity Building, Digital Literacy

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Rural workers are majorly banking correspondents in India

Supporting facts:

• India has one of the most banked population in the world, reaching nearly 90% of the population

Topics: Banking, Rural development

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Collaboration relevant to e-commerce includes competition policy

Supporting facts:

• Organizing an event on World Competition Day, 5th December, in partnership with UNCTAD and WTO

Topics: E-commerce, Competition policy

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Government prioritization is vital to overcome the digital divide and aid development.

Supporting facts:

• Digitization is an enabling tool that can help people overcome poverty and have extra income.

• India successfully implemented digitization, connecting every village digitally.

Topics: digital divide, economic development, government spending, prioritization

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Developing and implementing inclusive digital trade policies is crucial for aiding the Global South. India’s successful Digital India Initiative serves as an example of the positive impact of such policies. Through this initiative, India has achieved significant progress in digital trade and information and communication technology (ICT) development.

Furthermore, India is committed to sharing its digital public infrastructure with developing countries, demonstrating its dedication to supporting the Global South. With the growth of the digital economy, cybersecurity becomes increasingly relevant. The potential for digital warfare through cyberspace poses a significant threat to digital systems, highlighting the need for robust cybersecurity measures.

Prioritising cybersecurity is essential to protect digital infrastructure and ensure the continued growth and stability of the digital economy. Strong telecommunications infrastructure is vital for a robust digital economy. Without a reliable and efficient telecommunications setup, a digital economy cannot thrive.

Therefore, investments in telecommunications infrastructure are essential to support digital trade and enable seamless digital connectivity. Broadband infrastructure is another critical input for the digital economy. South Korea has successfully implemented strong broadband infrastructure, resulting in enhanced access to digital services and improved digital connectivity.

Robust broadband infrastructure plays a fundamental role in supporting digital trade and fostering economic growth. Hardware investment is often overlooked but plays a crucial role in driving digital advancement and ensuring the sustainability of digital ecosystems. While software development often takes the spotlight, investment in physical infrastructure, such as data centres and servers, serves as the foundation for digital progress.

Smartphones are transforming the digital divide, particularly in rural areas. In India, for example, a group of rural women has successfully accessed global markets through e-commerce platforms using smartphones. As smartphone prices decrease, they become more accessible to marginalized communities, bridging the digital divide and providing opportunities for economic empowerment.

Civil society and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play a vital role in shaping a fair and inclusive digital environment. Organizations like CUTS actively advocate for inclusive digital trade policies and work on the ground to contextualise these policies to the needs of marginalized communities.

Their research and advocacy efforts contribute to creating a more equitable digital landscape. Training and capacity-building initiatives carried out by civil society and NGOs are essential for creating a fair and sustainable digital environment. In India, for instance, extra-departmental agents have been trained to be computer-savvy to operate e-kiosks and manage various online services.

These initiatives, happening across thousands of villages, empower underprivileged communities by equipping them with digital skills and access to digital services. Addressing the digital divide requires persistence and patience. It is crucial to avoid underestimating the common sense of ordinary people, as they often come up with innovative solutions that experts may not have considered.

By involving and empowering underprivileged populations in the development of the digital economy, we can ensure that digital advancements are inclusive and equitable. Access to banking services is critical for economic growth. India has made significant progress in this regard, with one of the most banked populations in the world.

Rural workers, acting as banking correspondents, play a significant role in providing banking services and contributing to rural development. Collaboration relevant to e-commerce includes competition policy. In partnership with organizations like UNCTAD and WTO, events such as World Competition Day promote open discussions and participation in shaping competition policies for e-commerce.

To overcome the digital divide and facilitate development, governments in developing countries should prioritize spending on digitization. Digitization is an enabling tool that can help individuals overcome poverty and generate additional income. India’s successful implementation of digitization, connecting every village digitally, serves as a testament to the transformative power of government prioritization.

In conclusion, developing and implementing inclusive digital trade policies, investing in robust infrastructure, ensuring cybersecurity, and bridging the digital divide are crucial for aiding the Global South and promoting sustainable economic growth. Collaboration among governments, civil society, and NGOs is essential for creating a fair, inclusive, and secure digital environment.

Prioritizing digitization efforts can lead to positive outcomes and contribute to building a more prosperous future for all.

Arguments

The potential of digital trade must be unlocked for inclusive development

Supporting facts:

• Digital technologies are reshaping everything

• Digitally deliverable services accounted for 55% of global services exports in 2022

Topics: Inclusive Development, Digital Trade

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Significant disparities exist in the share of digital trade between developed and developing economies

Supporting facts:

• The share of digitally deliverable services for developed countries was 60%

• For developing economies, it was 45%

• For the least developed countries, it was just 17%

Topics: Digital trade, Global Economy

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Partnerships are of indispensable role in addressing disparities in digital trade

Supporting facts:

• None of us is as smart as all of us

• E-Trade for All initiative emphasizes on power of working together

• Since its launch in 2016, E-Trade for All membership has grown from 14 to 35 members

Topics: Digital Trade, Partnerships, Inclusive Development

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In order to prevent the deepening of pre-existing disparities and to ensure that opportunities are evenly dispensed, a coordinated global effort will be required involving policy, investment, resources, rules, and good governance

Supporting facts:

• No one country or organization can make the necessary changes on their own

• Political will is necessary to effect the needed changes

Topics: Global efforts, Good Governance, Policy, Investment, Resource Management

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Report

The argument of various perspectives analysed is that digital trade has the potential to contribute to inclusive development. It is highlighted that digital technologies are reshaping various industries, and digitally deliverable services accounted for 55% of global services exports in 2022. These facts support the positive sentiment towards the potential of digital trade.

However, significant disparities exist in the share of digital trade between developed and developing economies. The share of digitally deliverable services for developed countries was higher at 60%, whereas for developing economies, it was 45%, and for the least developed countries, it was only 17%.

This evidence supports the negative sentiment expressed in one of the perspectives, emphasizing the existing disparities in digital trade. Partnerships are argued to play an indispensable role in addressing these disparities. The E-Trade for All initiative is highlighted as a prime example of such partnerships, which emphasizes the power of collaboration.

It is mentioned that since its launch in 2016, the initiative’s membership has grown from 14 to 35 members. This evidence supports the positive sentiment expressed towards partnerships in addressing disparities in digital trade. Furthermore, it is argued that more efforts are needed to strengthen the capacity of developing countries to benefit from digital trade.

It is noted that the readiness and ability to engage in digital trade vary substantially across countries. The potential negative impact of unaddressed disparities in digital trade is also highlighted, as it could worsen inequalities rather than bridging them. This argument is supported by the negative sentiment expressed in one of the perspectives.

In addition to these main points and arguments, it is mentioned that a coordinated global effort will be necessary to prevent the deepening of pre-existing disparities and ensure that opportunities are evenly distributed. This effort will involve policies, investments, resources, rules, and good governance.

The importance of global cooperation and coordination is emphasized to achieve equality and opportunity for all. Overall, the perspectives analysed emphasize the potential of digital trade for inclusive development but also highlight the existing disparities between developed and developing economies.

Partnerships, along with strengthening the capacity of developing countries, are emphasized as key strategies to address these disparities. It is argued that a coordinated global effort involving various factors is necessary to prevent further deepening of disparities and ensure equal opportunities for all.

The significance of global cooperation and coordination is underscored in achieving these goals.

Arguments

China is investing in digital infrastructure in Africa via the digital Silk Road

Supporting facts:

• China has committed to undertake ten digital economy projects for Africa

• Huawei has 30 percent of Africa’s 3G network and close to 70 percent of the 4G network

• China has built close to 266 technology projects in Africa

Topics: China-Africa relations, Digital Silk Road, Digital Infrastructure

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US-based companies are extracting data in Africa

Supporting facts:

• Companies like Google, Microsoft, Amazon, and Facebook have opened African headquarters in South Africa, Kenya, Ghana and others

• Amazon Web Services and Google are established in Africa for extracting data despite Africa’s desire for independent data centres

Topics: US-Africa relations, Data Extraction, Digital Economy

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Africa’s sovereignty in the digital economic dispensation can only be achieved if they actively participate in the digital economy and gain value from the data

Topics: Africa, Digital Economy, Sovereignty, Data Value

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Report

China is investing in digital infrastructure projects across Africa through the Digital Silk Road initiative. Huawei, a Chinese telecom company, holds a significant presence in Africa’s network infrastructure, having built around 30% of the continent’s 3G network and close to 70% of its 4G network.

China has completed approximately 266 technology projects throughout Africa, aiming to enhance digital connectivity and foster economic growth. However, concerns arise about Africa’s increasing debt to China resulting from these investments. For instance, Ethiopia currently owes China $3 billion for its digital infrastructure upgrades.

The International Monetary Fund’s 2021 report highlights that five out of the top ten highly indebted poor countries to China are from Africa. This raises concerns about long-term financial stability and the ability to repay these debts. On the other hand, US-based companies like Google, Microsoft, Amazon, and Facebook are extracting data in Africa, disregarding the continent’s desire for independent data centres.

This raises concerns about data sovereignty and the exploitation of Africa’s data resources by external entities. African governments are advised to carefully evaluate the terms and conditions of digital investments and be cautious of hidden intentions. Nevertheless, Africa must actively participate in the digital economy and derive value from its data to achieve sovereignty in the digital era.

It is crucial for the continent to define its independent approach to transitioning into the digital economy and safeguarding its interests and data. Africa Kiiza supports investment in African data centres as a means for Africa to assert control and shape its own path in the digital economy.

In summary, China’s investments in digital infrastructure in Africa present opportunities for connectivity and economic growth. However, concerns about increasing debt and the extraction of data by US-based companies highlight the need for caution and careful evaluation of digital partnerships’ terms and conditions.

African governments should actively participate in the digital economy, prioritising data sovereignty to ensure they benefit from the digital revolution on their own terms.

Arguments

China is exercising significant influence in global technology through the Belt and Road Initiative and the Digital Silk Road.

Supporting facts:

• China’s involvement in laying fiber optic cable in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic oceans.

• Their market share in undersea cables is more than 23%

• Huawei controls more than 70% of the digital infrastructure in Africa

Topics: China, Belt and Road Initiative, Digital Silk Road

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China is exporting surveillance equipment like face recognition technology and biometrics video technology.

Supporting facts:

• China is a significant provider of surveillance hardware and software at a global level

Topics: China, Surveillance technology

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China is pushing for multilateral discourses in internet governance instead of multi-stakeholder discourses

Supporting facts:

• China has been hosting an annual world internet conference since 2014 known as the Wushan Summit

• China launched the Global Data Security Initiative in 2020

Topics: Internet Governance, Data Security

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China’s cybersecurity law dictates that data be stored in Chinese territory and provided to the state on demand

Supporting facts:

• The cybersecurity law enacted by the People’s Republic of China in 2016 mandates that data be kept within Chinese territory and surrendered to the state when required

Topics: Cybersecurity, Data Privacy

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Chinese loans are creating dependencies

Supporting facts:

• China often couples credits for infrastructure projects with contracts that require the employment of Chinese workers and the purchase of Chinese components and raw materials

• Sri Lanka had to lease their Hambantota harbour to China for 99 years after failing to service loans from the country

Topics: Global Debt, Investment

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European Union is attempting to advance its own vision for the digital economy

Supporting facts:

• In December 2021, the Global Gateway Initiative was launched by the European Union to enhance its role in global digital transformation

• The EU aims for a human-centric approach emphasizing individual rights, democratic values, and user data protection

Topics: Digital Economy, Digital Policies

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Connectivity is important for global South countries; they need inexpensive, high quality technologies to expand their networks

Topics: global South, connectivity, high quality technologies, network expansion

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Digital technology is not a solution in itself

Supporting facts:

• technology often directed at countries with a techno-solutionist approach

• poverty alleviation programs do not come automatically by technology transfer

Topics: digital technology, poverty alleviation, technology transfer

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Artificial Intelligence can exacerbate existing inequalities and biases in society

Topics: artificial intelligence, inequalities, biases

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Need for fostering digital literacy, respecting human rights, and combating digital monopolies

Topics: digital literacy, human rights, digital monopolies

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Concern about the spread of false information and the future of democracy

Supporting facts:

• there will be more than 50 countries having elections next year

• problems with content moderation

Topics: false information, democracy, elections

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Report

China is exerting significant influence in global technology through initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative and the Digital Silk Road. They have a large market share in undersea cables, with more than 23% of the market share, and they have been involved in laying fiber optic cables in the Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic oceans.

Additionally, China controls a significant proportion of digital infrastructure in Africa, with Huawei alone controlling more than 70% of the digital infrastructure on the continent. However, concerns have been raised about the widespread adoption of Chinese technology standards. While Chinese technology is relatively inexpensive, making it attractive to developing countries, there is a fear that this could lead to lock-in effects, restricting alternatives and creating a dependency on Chinese technology.

China is also exporting surveillance equipment, such as face recognition technology and biometric video technology. This raises concerns about privacy and human rights, especially considering China’s significant provider status in global surveillance hardware and software. In terms of internet governance, China is pushing for multilateral discourses instead of multi-stakeholder discourses.

They have been hosting the World Internet Conference since 2014 and launched the Global Data Security Initiative in 2020. China’s cybersecurity law, enacted in 2016, has raised concerns as it mandates that data be stored within Chinese territory and surrendered to the state on demand.

This raises questions about data privacy and security, as well as potential government access to sensitive information. A notable example of China’s influence through loans is seen in Sri Lanka, where they have coupled credits for infrastructure projects with contracts requiring the employment of Chinese workers and the purchase of Chinese components and raw materials.

When Sri Lanka failed to service the loans, they had to lease their Hambantota harbour to China for 99 years. This highlights the potential risks and dependencies created by Chinese loans. In contrast to China’s approach, the European Union is aiming to chart a different path when it comes to data control.

They are pursuing a model where data is controlled by individuals based on values and fundamental rights. The EU is also seeking to expand its influence through regulatory leadership and digital partnerships. In December 2021, they launched the Global Gateway Initiative to enhance their role in global digital transformation, with an emphasis on a human-centric approach and the protection of individual rights and user data.

While connectivity is important for countries in the Global South, it is essential to recognize that digital technology is not seen as a solution in itself. The deployment of technology needs to be accompanied by other measures to ensure its effectiveness in addressing development challenges.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is another area of concern, as it has the potential to exacerbate existing inequalities and biases in society. Issues such as algorithmic biases and discriminatory practices need to be addressed to ensure the responsible and ethical use of AI.

Digital literacy, respect for human rights, and combating digital monopolies are also important considerations in the digital landscape. These factors can contribute to a more equitable and inclusive digital environment. Furthermore, there are concerns about the spread of false information and its impact on democracy, especially with more than 50 countries having elections next year.

Content moderation and the need for accurate information are crucial in maintaining the integrity of democratic processes. In summary, China’s influence in global technology through initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative and the Digital Silk Road is substantial. However, concerns exist regarding the adoption of Chinese technology standards, surveillance exports, internet governance, cybersecurity laws, and the potential drawbacks of Chinese loans.

On the other hand, the European Union aims to pursue a different path with a focus on data control based on values and fundamental rights. Connectivity, AI ethics, digital literacy, human rights, and combatting digital monopolies are important considerations in the digital landscape.

The spread of false information and its impact on democracy is also a significant concern.

Arguments

The Global Gateway initiative, specifically its digital elements, is largely aspirational

Supporting facts:

• The EU is seeking to combine development funding with private sector investment.

• Currently, there is insufficient tangible activity to assess the success of the scheme.

Topics: Global Gateway, Digital Infrastructure

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Current definitions of ‘connectivity’ are too narrow

Supporting facts:

• Connectivity is described in a connected to global gateway document as what networks and flow of people, goods, services, and capital.

• This broad definition includes regulatory and technical standards.

Topics: Global Gateway, Connectivity

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There’s skepticism about the EU’s ability to develop and export its digital sovereignty model

Supporting facts:

• EU’s ambition to develop and operate a digital sovereignty model raises doubts regarding its practical implementation.

• Concerns are there about EU’s readiness to export it for economic gain.

Topics: Digital Sovereignty, EU

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Africa should take a serious approach towards a digital public infrastructure-based model

Supporting facts:

• The digital economy model that the US and China followed is not open to Africa

• Small companies should focus on creating local impact rather than chasing billions

Topics: Digital Economy, Infrastructure, Economic Models

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Report

The Global Gateway initiative, particularly its digital components, is largely viewed as aspirational. The European Union (EU) aims to merge development funding with private sector investment to achieve its objectives. However, there is currently insufficient tangible activity to evaluate the scheme’s success.

One of the primary concerns raised is the narrow definition of ‘connectivity’. It is argued that the current understanding of connectivity is too limited, focusing solely on networks and the flow of people, goods, services, and capital. This narrow perspective excludes crucial elements such as regulatory and technical standards.

To drive progress, it is suggested that broader definitions of connectivity should be embraced. There is also doubt surrounding the EU’s ambition to develop and export its digital sovereignty model. Questions have been raised regarding the practical implementation of this model and concerns exist about the EU’s readiness to promote it for economic gain.

This skepticism suggests that the EU may face challenges in effectively developing and promoting its digital sovereignty concept. Alternatively, some advocates propose an alternative approach for the digital landscape, suggesting the need for a third digital superpower alongside the United States and China.

The focus of this third superpower would be on creating an open, decentralized digital economy. This approach suggests that a more balanced and diverse digital landscape could be beneficial for international development and innovation. In the context of Africa, it is suggested that the continent adopts a digital public infrastructure-based model for its digital economy.

It is argued that the digital economy model pursued by the United States and China is not open to Africa, and instead, small companies should focus on creating local impact rather than pursuing large-scale profits. This approach aims to address inequalities and promote sustainable development.

Furthermore, it is emphasized that ministries should conduct internal assessments and make decisions regarding the digital economy model. This highlights the importance of proactive decision-making and coordination across different government departments to ensure successful development and implementation of digital policies.

Overall, the analysis presents various perspectives on the Global Gateway initiative, digital connectivity, the EU’s digital sovereignty model, and the future of the digital economy. It underscores the need for inclusive, comprehensive approaches that prioritize equitable development and cooperation.

Arguments

EU global gateway’s digital and data element is the most important part of the strategy

Supporting facts:

• The EU global gateway is a very broad approach to digital energy, transportation, health, education, research systems. However, the digital and data elements are where a lot of the action is due to their integration functions across all of those other systems.

Topics: EU global gateway, Digital Infrastructure, Data Infrastructure

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The strategy is driven by corporate interest and ideological belief

Supporting facts:

• There is a corporate interest and an ideological part to the global gateway initiative. It’s not just enabling firms to do business abroad, but also about strengthening democracy and freedom.

Topics: EU global gateway, Corporate interest, Ideological belief

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The financial sustainability of both the EU’s Global Gateway and China’s Belt and Road initiatives are questionable

Supporting facts:

• The EU’s document says mobilizing about $60 billion a year over five or six years, which corresponds with the Belt and Road initiative. However, the realness of these numbers is doubtful. There’s also a question of whether the Chinese investment in Belt and Road kind of initiatives is sustainable with latest numbers showing the Chinese debt model overall not looking very sustainable.

Topics: EU Global Gateway, China, Belt and Road Initiative, Economic sustainability

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China is potentially creating a debt trap for itself due to its inflexibility on debt forgiveness

Supporting facts:

• Traditionally, there has to be a large component of debt forgiveness in large development projects. China is setting itself up for a problem, in view of its dislike for debt forgiveness.

Topics: China, Debt trap, Belt and Road Initiative, Debt forgiveness

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Africa will be the demographic superpower of the next couple of decades

Supporting facts:

• Africa’s demographic growth

Topics: Africa, Demographics

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Africa needs to have an economic engine as part of growth

Topics: Africa, Economic Growth

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Digital connectivity will be the most important thing for Africa’s growth

Topics: Africa, Digital Connectivity

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Africa could do well in generative AI with right infrastructure and setup

Topics: Africa, Generative AI, Infrastructure

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Report

The EU global gateway initiative primarily focuses on the digital and data elements, which are considered crucial for its success. These elements play a significant role in integrating various systems such as energy, transportation, health, education, and research. The strategy recognizes that the integration of digital and data functions across these systems is where most of the action lies.

However, concerns arise regarding the financial sustainability of both the EU’s Global Gateway and China’s Belt and Road initiatives. The EU’s document states that around $60 billion per year for five or six years will be mobilized, aligning with the Belt and Road initiative.

However, doubts arise regarding the feasibility of these numbers. Furthermore, the Chinese debt model as a whole is deemed unsustainable, raising questions about the long-term viability of Chinese investments in initiatives like the Belt and Road. There is also concern about the potential shift in technology that could impact the feasibility of current investments in digital infrastructure.

While traditional infrastructure like fiber optic cables is currently in use, there might be a transition to newer technologies, such as low Earth orbit satellites, which could prove to be cheaper and more sustainable in the future. The inertia within the system is not keeping pace with the latest technologies, creating a potential risk for current investments.

Africa’s demographic growth presents both opportunities and challenges. It is anticipated that Africa will become the demographic superpower in the next few decades. This demographic potential can be leveraged for economic growth, but it also calls for the need to have a strong economic engine to support this growth.

In addition, digital connectivity is seen as a vital factor for Africa’s growth. The availability and accessibility of digital connectivity will be crucial for Africa to make significant progress. Furthermore, with the right infrastructure and setup, Africa has the potential to excel in generative AI, which could contribute significantly to its development.

However, there is concern about the possibility of Africa getting marginalized and cut off in colonial-style digital relationships. It is important to ensure that Africa is not left behind or excluded in the digital world, as it could result in increased inequalities.

In summary, the EU global gateway initiative focuses on the digital and data elements, considering them as key components of its strategy. However, concerns remain regarding the financial sustainability of both the EU’s Global Gateway and China’s Belt and Road initiatives.

Additionally, the potential shift in technology and the need for Africa to leverage its demographic growth and invest in digital connectivity and generative AI infrastructure are emphasized. It is crucial to pay attention to the risks of marginalization and ensure equitable participation in the digital realm.

Arguments

Sven Hilbig introduces the Global Gateway initiative being a worldwide strategy by the European Union to promote its own digital sovereignty.

Supporting facts:

• Global Gateway is an initiative by the European Union.

• It aims to invest in infrastructure projects and establish economic partnerships.

• It aims to invest up to 300 billion euros until 2027 in emerging economies and developing countries.

Topics: Global Gateway, Digital sovereignty, European Union

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Sven Hilbig points out the Global Gateway as an alternative to the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative and the Chinese Digital Silk Road.

Supporting facts:

• The global competition for digital leadership is between the US, China and the European Union.

• The European Union’s Global Gateway is seen as an alternative to the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative and the Chinese Digital Silk Road.

Topics: Chinese Belt and Road Initiative, Chinese Digital Silk Road, Global Gateway

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Sven Hilbig discusses the importance of understanding the impacts of current infrastructure projects in the Global South in order to inform discussions on the Global Gateway.

Supporting facts:

• A panel discussion is being held to discuss potential benefits of the Global Gateway, possibly bringing a more equal partnership approach and outreach to the Global South.

• The discussion includes experts in infrastructure projects and digital policy.

Topics: Global South, Chinese Belt and Road Initiative, Global Gateway

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Report

The Global Gateway initiative, introduced by the European Union, is a comprehensive global strategy aimed at promoting digital sovereignty. This initiative seeks to invest a substantial sum of up to 300 billion euros by 2027 in infrastructure projects and economic partnerships in emerging economies and developing countries.

By doing so, the European Union hopes to strengthen its own digital influence and reduce reliance on other countries. Sven Hilbig highlights the Global Gateway initiative as a significant step towards advancing the European Union’s digital sovereignty. This strategy enables the European Union to assert itself as a major player in the global digital landscape, effectively competing with the United States and China.

By investing in infrastructure projects and establishing economic partnerships, the European Union aims to secure its position as a key digital player and stimulate economic growth. Notably, the Global Gateway initiative is seen as an alternative to the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative and the Chinese Digital Silk Road.

These Chinese initiatives have been influential in expanding the country’s digital and economic reach across the globe. However, the European Union’s Global Gateway presents an alternative approach, emphasising equal partnerships and outreach to the Global South. By offering a viable alternative, the European Union aims to provide more choice and diversity in digital development strategies.

In a panel discussion focused on the Global Gateway, experts in infrastructure projects and digital policy discuss the potential benefits of this initiative, particularly for the Global South. The discussion underscores the importance of understanding the impacts of current infrastructure projects in the Global South to inform and shape conversations around the Global Gateway.

By considering the existing infrastructure landscape, the European Union can work towards forging more equal and mutually beneficial partnerships. In conclusion, the Global Gateway initiative launched by the European Union represents a significant effort to promote digital sovereignty and strengthen the European Union’s position in the global digital landscape.

By investing in infrastructure projects and establishing economic partnerships, the European Union aims to stimulate economic growth and secure its own digital influence. The initiative is seen as an alternative to Chinese digital initiatives, highlighting the European Union’s commitment to equality and diversity in digital development strategies.

A panel discussion on the Global Gateway emphasises the importance of understanding the context of existing infrastructure projects in the Global South, bringing attention to the need for informed discussions and decisions.

Arguments

Alisa Sydow is an associate professor in entrepreneurship at the ESCP Business School.

Supporting facts:

• ESCP Business School is a European institution

Topics: Education, Business, Entrepreneurship

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Alisa Sydow focuses her research on women in entrepreneurship.

Topics: Women Empowerment, Entrepreneurship, Research

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Alisa Sydow has her own startup.

Topics: Entrepreneurship, Startups

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Report

Alisa Sydow, an associate professor in entrepreneurship, holds a prominent position at the ESCP Business School, one of the most esteemed European institutions. With a focus on women in entrepreneurship, she dedicates her research efforts to understanding and promoting gender equality in this field.

This emphasis on supporting women aligns with SDG5 for Gender Equality, indicating her commitment to fostering an inclusive and equitable entrepreneurial landscape. Additionally, Alisa Sydow’s practical experience is evident through her ownership of a startup. This demonstrates her deep understanding of the challenges and opportunities faced by entrepreneurs.

Her firsthand experience in running a business enhances her credibility as an educator and researcher, allowing her to provide valuable insights and guidance to aspiring entrepreneurs. By focusing on women in entrepreneurship, Alisa Sydow’s work contributes to SDG8 for Decent Work and Economic Growth.

Entrepreneurship not only provides individuals with meaningful employment opportunities but also drives economic growth and development. By promoting women’s involvement in this sector, she helps create a more vibrant and inclusive economy. Moreover, her work is also relevant to SDG9 for Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure.

As an associate professor and entrepreneur, Alisa Sydow is undoubtedly familiar with the importance of innovation and efficient infrastructure in entrepreneurial endeavors. By exploring and promoting innovative approaches, she facilitates the growth and sustainability of startups, contributing to overall progress in society.

In conclusion, Alisa Sydow’s contributions in education, research, and entrepreneurship have substantial implications for various Sustainable Development Goals. Her position as an associate professor at the prestigious ESCP Business School allows her to shape the mindset and skills of future entrepreneurs.

Through her research on women in entrepreneurship, she actively promotes gender equality and inclusivity. Furthermore, her own experience as a startup owner adds practical knowledge to her academic expertise. Overall, Alisa Sydow’s work not only supports specific SDGs such as Gender Equality, Decent Work and Economic Growth, and Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure, but also contributes to the broader goal of creating a sustainable and prosperous society.

Arguments

Awa Caba is an entrepreneur in the agriculture and tech sector in Senegal

Supporting facts:

• Awakaba is an entrepreneur from Senegal in the agriculture and tech sector

Topics: entrepreneurship, agriculture, technology, Senegal

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Awakaba is leading an e-commerce platform in Senegal to enable real women to have access to the market

Supporting facts:

• Awa Caba is leading an e-commerce platform in Senegal to enable women, real women, to have access to the market

Topics: e-commerce, women empowerment, access to market

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Report

The analysis identifies two remarkable entrepreneurs from Senegal, namely Awa Caba. Awa Caba is actively involved in the agriculture and technology sectors, demonstrating her versatility and capacity to make a significant impact. She plays a crucial role in promoting several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including SDG 5: Gender Equality, SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth, and SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure.

In the first argument, Awa Caba is described as an entrepreneur operating in the agriculture and tech sectors in Senegal. Her innovative contributions in these sectors demonstrate her entrepreneurial prowess and commitment to driving positive change. Though the sentiment is neutral, the supporting facts highlight her role as a key player in these fields.

The second argument highlights Awa Caba’s leadership in an e-commerce platform in Senegal, specifically focusing on empowering women and facilitating their access to the market. This effort aligns with multiple SDGs, including SDG 5, SDG 8, SDG 9, and SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities. The sentiment associated with this argument is positive, indicating the impact Awa Caba is making in enabling women to engage in economic activities and reducing inequalities.

Notably, Awa Caba’s achievements are noteworthy within the context of gender equality, economic growth, and innovation. Her endeavors reflect her determination to create opportunities for women and foster economic development in Senegal. By combining her expertise in agriculture and technology, she effectively contributes to building sustainable industry infrastructure.

Awa Caba’s work exemplifies the power of entrepreneurship in driving positive change and achieving the SDGs. Overall, Awa Caba’s multi-faceted approach to entrepreneurship, encompassing the agriculture and tech sectors, as well as her leadership in an e-commerce platform, positions her as a prominent figure in Senegal’s development landscape.

Her contributions towards gender equality, economic growth, and industry innovation are truly commendable and serve as inspiration for future entrepreneurs and change-makers.

Report

Biram Sock, a representative from Senegal, introduced himself as an advocate for E-Trade for Women, focusing on the Francophone Africa region. This demonstrates his commitment to promoting equitable economic opportunities for women in this area. “E-Trade for Women” involves using electronic trading platforms to empower women entrepreneurs and enhance their participation in the global market.

By leveraging technology, barriers such as limited access to financial services and discriminatory practices can be overcome, fostering economic growth and gender equality. Biram Sock advocates for the adoption of digital trade strategies that benefit women by engaging with policymakers, organizations, and stakeholders.

He specifically addresses the challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in Francophone Africa, including cultural norms, limited access to education and technology, and inadequate infrastructure. His advocacy efforts aim to create an enabling environment for women in the digital economy, contributing to their socio-economic development and empowerment in Francophone Africa.

Report

During the discussion, the idea of attending an event was raised and Emily Ashby was asked if she would like to join. She responded affirmatively and mentioned that introductions would be made during the event. Ashby introduced herself as the director for South and Central Asia, representing the US in the USTR (United States Trade Representative).

This indicates that she holds a significant position within the organization. The conversation was conducted in a friendly manner, with all participants expressing a willingness to attend the event and engage in introductions. The exchange took place in the afternoon, suggesting a positive and collaborative atmosphere among the participants.

Arguments

Women founders tend to generate 1.6 times better returns on average than teams with male founders

Supporting facts:

• Stats show this difference in return

• Women founders tend to be very collaborative, very smart, and more realistic on the forecast and are more likely to hit their financial metrics

Topics: women-led start-ups, Investment in women, Success rate

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Male investors ask more pessimistic questions to women founders

Supporting facts:

• There are more optimistic questions asked to male founders like ‘do you think you’ll be the next unicorn?’ whereas women are asked ‘What if you fail? What if you don’t reach your projections?’

Topics: Gender bias in funding, Investment dynamics

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Hua Wang believes that governmental accelerator programs can play significant roles in supporting entrepreneurial initiatives

Supporting facts:

• In 2016, Office of the Vice President set up accelerator program which helped Hua Wang to build his first tech and move first 1,000 people.

• Hua Wang is a product of a program that funds entrepreneurs in Senegal which is backed by the government.

Topics: Government Support, Entrepreneurship, Accelerator Programs

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Importance of an integrated approach for digitizing economies in developing countries

Supporting facts:

• Localized digital tools like Google Pay and UPI are now common in India even among roadside vendors.

• Top-down approaches, bottom-up initiatives, and private sector involvement are necessary for effective digitization.

• Large-scale policies and affordable data & phones have enabled widespread use of digital tools in India.

Topics: Technology, Economy, Digitalization, India

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It’s important to follow your passion and do a job that you love, not just for the sake of it.

Supporting facts:

• Hua Wang emphasized on choosing a job one is passionate about, instead of following traditional paths like medicine, engineering, or law, particularly in Indian context.

Topics: Job Satisfaction, Career Choice, Passion

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Report

Evidence suggests that women founders generate 1.6 times better returns on average than male founders, indicating the profitability of investing in women-led start-ups. Their success can be attributed to their collaborative nature, intelligence, and realistic financial projections. However, male investors often ask more pessimistic questions to women founders, reflecting bias in their perception of female entrepreneurs.

Access to capital presents a significant challenge for women entrepreneurs, especially when their products target women. Female founders struggle to convince male investors to invest in their businesses, highlighting gender bias in funding. Creating awareness about these biases is crucial to address disparities.

Female founders face subtle remarks that undermine their self-esteem, hindering their progress. Governmental accelerator programs play a vital role in supporting entrepreneurship. In Senegal, a government-backed program has provided funding and resources for entrepreneurs like Hua Wang, driving economic growth.

Wang emphasizes the need for sustainable support models and quick approval of funding for startups. An integrated approach is essential for digitizing economies in developing countries, like India. The use of localized digital tools and affordable access to technology have enabled digitization efforts.

Hua Wang stresses the importance of choosing a job based on passion for career success, particularly in a context where traditional paths are favored. In conclusion, this analysis highlights the disparities faced by women founders and the importance of addressing biases in funding.

It emphasizes the role of governmental support, sustainable funding models, and quick approval of funding for entrepreneurial success. The importance of an integrated approach to digitizing economies and following one’s passion for career success is also underscored.

Arguments

Mercedes Nunez is an independent consultant with over 10 years of experience

Supporting facts:

• Mercedes Nunez mentioned that she is a consultant and she has been working for over 10 years.

Topics: Consultancy, Experience

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Report

Mercedes Nunez, an independent consultant, has amassed over 10 years of experience in her field. She has demonstrated her expertise and dedication through her work, making her a trusted professional. Nunez strongly believes in empowering vulnerable communities, with a particular focus on women.

This commitment aligns with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 5 and 10, which emphasise gender equality and reduced inequalities. Nunez possesses a wealth of experience in managing programs that aim to empower women and assist vulnerable communities. Her efforts have been felt in various parts of America, where she has implemented initiatives designed to uplift women and provide support to those in need.

By leveraging her skills and knowledge, Nunez has worked tirelessly to address the unique challenges faced by vulnerable communities, offering them opportunities for growth and development. It is evident that Nunez’s work has had a positive impact on the individuals and communities she has served.

Her sincere belief in the potential of women and her understanding of the struggles faced by vulnerable groups have driven her to create sustainable change. Through her efforts, Nunez has helped to foster greater gender equality and has taken meaningful steps towards reducing inequalities.

In conclusion, Mercedes Nunez stands out as an exceptional consultant with over a decade of experience. Her dedication to empowering vulnerable communities, especially women, has been demonstrated through her successful implementation of programs in America. Nunez’s work is aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals, and her commitment to creating positive change is commendable.

Through her expertise and passion, she has made remarkable strides in promoting gender equality and reducing inequalities, leaving a lasting impact on the communities she has served.

Report

Pippa McDougall, a senior advocacy manager at the GSMA Connected Women Programme, introduces herself and her role in initiatives aimed at reducing the gender gap in mobile technology access and usage. McDougall advocates for women’s empowerment in the digital sphere and promotes inclusivity in the technology sector.

Expressing excitement and gratitude for being present at the event, McDougall demonstrates her commitment to the cause and eagerness to share insights and experiences with the audience. Under McDougall’s direction, the GSMA Connected Women Programme works to increase women’s access to mobile services globally and empower them to engage fully with technology.

Efforts focus on overcoming barriers such as affordability, literacy, and socio-cultural constraints that hinder women’s participation and access to mobile technology. The advocacy work McDougall is involved in emphasizes the importance of addressing the gender gap in the technology sector.

Collaborating with policymakers, industry leaders, and non-governmental organizations, McDougall develops impactful strategies to bring about positive change. She aims to raise awareness about gender equality in mobile technology and drive meaningful action towards achieving this goal. McDougall’s introduction highlights her passion for the cause, setting the stage for a discussion on challenges, opportunities, and potential solutions for increasing women’s access and empowerment in the digital era.

Report

Caitlin Satola, an official at the US Department of State, plays a crucial role in supporting the C5 plus 1 initiative for the United States and Central Asia. Despite not being an entrepreneur herself, she is dedicated to providing assistance and resources to entrepreneurs in these regions.

The C5 plus 1 initiative is a platform that aims to foster cooperation and dialogue between the United States and the five Central Asian countries – Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. It focuses on five key areas of collaboration: security, economic connectivity, business and entrepreneurship, environment, and regional integration.

Satola’s primary focus lies in supporting entrepreneurs in Central Asia. By offering guidance, resources, and expertise, she works to create an enabling environment for these individuals to thrive. Satola recognises the vital role entrepreneurs play in driving economic growth, innovation, and job creation.

Through capacity-building programmes, she helps equip aspiring and existing entrepreneurs with the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed. Satola’s efforts also to extend to facilitating partnerships and collaborations between entrepreneurs in the United States and Central Asia. By connecting entrepreneurs from both regions, she fosters knowledge exchange, technology transfer, and the sharing of best practices.

These connections enable entrepreneurs to tap into new markets, access funding opportunities, and gain valuable insights from their counterparts. While Satola’s role is not directly entrepreneurial in nature, her commitment to supporting entrepreneurs showcases the Department of State’s recognition of the importance of entrepreneurship in driving economic development and stability in Central Asia.

By empowering and assisting entrepreneurs, Satola contributes to creating a thriving business environment, fostering economic connectivity between the United States and Central Asia, and promoting stronger ties between the two regions. In conclusion, Caitlin Satola, working under the US Department of State’s C5 plus 1 initiative, plays a crucial role in supporting entrepreneurship in Central Asia.

Her dedication to providing resources, guidance, and facilitating partnerships benefits entrepreneurs in the region, driving economic growth and fostering stronger ties between the United States and Central Asia.

Arguments

Tamar Sarawat works with the US Department of Commerce.

Topics: US government, Department of Commerce

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There is a robust women’s economic empowerment working group at the US Department of Commerce.

Topics: women’s economic empowerment, work groups

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The working group consists of private sector women from Central Asia.

Topics: private sector, women, Central Asia

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Report

Tamar Sarawat is affiliated with the US Department of Commerce and plays a role in formulating policies related to national and international trade, economic growth, and technological advancement. This highlights the significant influence of the Department of Commerce in shaping the business landscape.

Within the Department of Commerce, there is a dedicated working group focused on women’s economic empowerment. This group is instrumental in advancing gender equality and promoting economic growth, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 5 and 8. SDG 5 aims to achieve gender equality and empower women and girls, while SDG 8 focuses on inclusive and sustainable economic growth, employment, and decent work for all.

The presence of a robust working group within the Department of Commerce demonstrates a commitment to addressing gender disparities and promoting equal opportunities for women in the workplace. By addressing the unique challenges faced by women, this group contributes to building a more inclusive and diverse economy.

The working group comprises women from the private sector in Central Asia, highlighting the global nature of its approach and the importance of collaborating across regions. The active engagement of private sector women from Central Asia adds diverse perspectives and reinforces the idea that economic empowerment should be a global agenda.

In summary, the presence of a women’s economic empowerment working group within the US Department of Commerce reflects a dedication to promoting gender equality and enhancing economic opportunities. By engaging private sector women from Central Asia, this group ensures a global perspective.

It aligns with the SDGs and has the potential to drive positive change in the business world, contributing to a more inclusive and prosperous future for all.

Arguments

Macy Ogu works for the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission, Nigeria

Supporting facts:

• Macy Ogu working for the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission, Nigeria was declared in her introduction

Topics: Consumer Protection, Federal Competition

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The Commission works to empower women entrepreneurs

Supporting facts:

• Macy mentioned in her introduction that the Commission is actively working on empowering women entrepreneurs

Topics: Women Empowerment, Entrepreneurship

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The ecosystem is vibrant in Nigeria, full of energy, opportunities but also with numerous problems. However, the climate for female founders was initially challenging.

Supporting facts:

• Speaker 3 has started the entrepreneurial journey 7 years ago in Nigeria.

• Speaker initially had difficulty finding other female founders.

• She was often the only woman in meetings, onboarding businesses or suppliers.

Topics: Ecosystem, Female founders, Nigeria

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The ecosystem in Nigeria has grown and is now more supportive of female founders with initiatives focusing on women and increasing representation of women in the tech industry.

Supporting facts:

• There are new initiatives focused on women by MasterCard Foundation and IFC.

• There is growing representation of female GPs and investors in Nigeria.

• Programs are available that train women how to code, addressing supply issues around females in the tech industry.

Topics: Female founders, Tech industry, Ecosystem growth, Initiatives

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Report

Macy Ogu works for the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission in Nigeria, and the Commission is actively working towards empowering women entrepreneurs. Macy joined the discussion with an aim to gain knowledge and understand more about the challenges faced by female founders.

She expressed her belief in the need for more support for female founders as they scale their businesses. The ecosystem in Nigeria is described as vibrant, full of energy and opportunities, but it initially posed challenges for female founders. Speaker 3, who has been on an entrepreneurial journey for seven years in Nigeria, highlighted the difficulty she faced finding other female founders and often being the only woman in meetings or when onboarding businesses or suppliers.

This indicates that, despite the vibrant environment, gender disparities hinder the progress of female entrepreneurs. However, there are positive developments in the Nigerian ecosystem, with an increasing number of initiatives focusing on women and supporting their growth. The MasterCard Foundation and IFC have introduced initiatives that specifically target women.

There is also a growing representation of female general partners and investors in Nigeria. Additionally, programs that train women in coding have been initiated to address the supply issues faced by females in the tech industry. These initiatives indicate a more supportive ecosystem that is working towards gender equality and equal opportunities for female founders.

Although progress has been made, there is still a gap in support for women entrepreneurs as they transition from Series A to Series B, C, D, or billion-dollar businesses. Speaker 3 noted this gap and emphasized the need for additional support in this crucial phase of scaling businesses.

Ensuring ongoing support at every stage is essential for female founders to achieve their full potential and contribute to the growth of the ecosystem. In conclusion, Macy Ogu’s involvement with the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission in Nigeria highlights the Commission’s efforts to empower women entrepreneurs.

The ecosystem in Nigeria is making positive strides in supporting female founders through initiatives focused on women and increasing representation in the tech industry. However, there remains a gap in support for women entrepreneurs as they scale their businesses, particularly in the Series A to Series B transition.

Continued efforts to address these challenges will be crucial in creating a truly inclusive and thriving entrepreneurial ecosystem in Nigeria.

Arguments

Speaker 4’s startup Quitty is a B2B marketplace for Made in Africa products

Supporting facts:

• Quitty was created to make African products accessible through international markets

• Quitty also has a brand incubation program working directly with local suppliers, primarily women

Topics: B2B marketplace, African products, Startup

---

Speaker 4’s startup has started conversations with major grocery stores in US

Supporting facts:

• Quitty has tested for one year, selling in major grocery stores locally in Senegal

• The startup has partnerships with major hotels and grocery chains in Senegal

Topics: Major Grocery stores, International Market, Expansion

---

An ecosystem is necessary for success in entrepreneurship

Supporting facts:

• Speaker 4 initiated entrepreneurship in the United States and later moved back to Senegal.

• When she moved back to Senegal, she noticed a growth in the number of entrepreneurs and the start of the ecosystem.

• She mentions the return of more people to build their businesses in Senegal, emergence of incubator programs and government’s involvement as evidence of the growth of the budding ecosystem.

Topics: Ecosystem, Entrepreneurship

---

Law, policies and public sector should support entrepreneurs

Supporting facts:

• Public policies should give entrepreneurs a sense that they are being supported and seen.

• Laws should work for the benefit of entrepreneurs, not against them.

• Entrepreneurs do not mind paying taxes, as long as they see benefits or support in return.

Topics: Law, Public Policy, Entrepreneurship

---

Entrepreneurship can be empowering and inspiring

Supporting facts:

• Moving to San Francisco made speaker realize she could be an entrepreneur too.

• Seeing other people in the entrepreneurial environment has empowered and inspired the speaker.

• Speaker believes one realizing ‘they are not smarter than me, I can do it’, is a key factor in making the decision towards entrepreneurship.

Topics: Empowerment, Inspiration, Entrepreneurship

---

The success of government funding for entrepreneurs depends on speed

Supporting facts:

• Hua Wang’s experience with a Rapid funding programme in Senegal

Topics: startups, government funding, entrepreneurship

---

High employment taxes and other levies can be detrimental to startups

Supporting facts:

• In Senegal, employment taxes can reach up to 40% and other taxes on activities can be up to 18%

Topics: taxation, employment

---

Use of digital tools helps startups manage projects and communications, especially in global teams

Supporting facts:

• Basecamp and Slack are highly useful for managing projects and team communication

Topics: Digital tools, Startups, Global teams

---

WhatsApp is the number one tool for doing business in Africa due to its accessibility and ease of use

Supporting facts:

• WhatsApp has been ingrained in African society, especially using voice messages, enabling communication without the need to write

Topics: WhatsApp, Business in Africa

---

Facebook and TikTok have proved successful in product marketing in developing countries

Supporting facts:

• Facebook and TikTok have been leveraged for product visibility, choice and price information

Topics: Social media marketing, Emerging markets

---

The government is implementing regulations to understand and control the digital world.

Supporting facts:

• The pace of innovations in the outside world is much higher than in the public sector, with this regulation may provide a base for them to catch up.

• Regulation on cryptocurrency might be due to the traditional banking systems trying to understand and control this new concept.

• Government proposed digital voting but is not yet ready for it due to possible security threats and the complexity of implementing it on blockchain.

Topics: Government Regulation, Digital World, Blockchain, Cryptocurrency

---

The increasing trust in digital companies over governments poses a threat to societal balance.

Supporting facts:

• Large tech companies like Google, Facebook, and Apple hold significant influence due to their vast control over the world’s data.

• This increasing trust in digital companies like Google can lead to a misplaced trust, an example being relying on Google Maps more than one’s own eyes.

• Such undue trust in private sector companies over government might cause a societal imbalance.

Topics: Trust, Digital companies, Google

---

Believe in your ideas, and follow them with passion.

Supporting facts:

• When an idea gives the speaker a physical reaction, it turns into a passion

• Following the gut instinct will show the path one needs to take

Topics: Self-belief, Passion

---

Report

The speakers in the discussion provided insights into various aspects of entrepreneurship and startups in Africa. Speaker 4’s startup, Quitty, was highlighted as a B2B marketplace for Made in Africa products. The main goal of Quitty is to facilitate the accessibility of African products in international markets.

Additionally, Quitty has a brand incubation program that collaborates directly with local suppliers, particularly women. This program aims to empower and support these suppliers in overcoming barriers they face in the industry. One of the main challenges discussed during the discussion was the barriers to entry for African products on global platforms.

It was noted that production capacity is still a significant challenge for local suppliers. Moreover, many African ingredients are not represented on popular platforms like Amazon, which limits the reach of these products. This highlights the need to address these challenges and provide better opportunities for African suppliers to showcase and sell their products globally.

The importance of an ecosystem for entrepreneurship was also emphasized. The speakers noted that the ecosystem in Africa has been experiencing growth, with more entrepreneurs returning to start businesses and the emergence of incubator programmes. Government involvement and support were highlighted as contributing factors to the ecosystem’s growth.

Advocates were highlighted as critical in stimulating the ecosystem by instilling a sense of belonging and capability among entrepreneurs. Government funding and policies were discussed as potential frameworks to support entrepreneurs. The success of government funding programmes was found to be dependent on efficiency and speed of disbursement.

The implementation of the Startup Act was seen as a positive step, with Tunisia and Senegal having already adopted it and Nigeria working towards its implementation. The Startup Act provides clear definitions for startups and offers tax breaks for the initial years, promoting a conducive environment for startups.

However, challenges related to taxation were also raised during the discussion. High employment taxes and other levies were considered detrimental to startups, as they posed financial burdens and limited growth opportunities. The need for tax structures that support startups and foster economic growth was emphasized.

Digitalisation of public sector systems was highlighted as necessary to facilitate startup growth. Digitalisation would ensure easier access to information, loans, and other services, streamlining processes for startups. The use of digital tools and platforms such as WhatsApp, Facebook, and TikTok was also discussed.

These tools were deemed highly useful for managing projects, team communication, and marketing strategies, particularly in global teams and emerging markets. The speakers also touched upon the importance of regulations in the digital world. They highlighted the need for the public sector to catch up with the pace of innovations and understand and control emerging technologies, such as blockchain and cryptocurrencies.

However, it was mentioned that regulations in this realm need to strike a balance between control and fostering innovation. Another noteworthy observation was the increasing trust in digital companies like Google, Facebook, and Apple, which raised concerns about individuals relying too heavily on these private sector companies over government institutions.

It was noted that this misplaced trust could lead to a societal imbalance and potentially undermine the role and influence of governments. On a more personal level, the speakers discussed the importance of self-belief and passion in entrepreneurship. Following one’s gut instincts and having the confidence to believe in one’s ideas were stressed as key factors in pursuing entrepreneurial endeavors.

The speakers also acknowledged the challenges faced by women in entrepreneurship and encouraged women to bring out their strengths and not suppress them. In conclusion, the discussion shed light on various aspects of entrepreneurship and startups in Africa, including the challenges faced by local suppliers, the significance of an ecosystem, the role of government support, digitalisation, and the importance of self-belief and passion.

It emphasized the need for increased support and resources to foster an inclusive startup ecosystem in Africa and create opportunities for African products to thrive on the international stage.

Arguments

Damilola Lokeshisi, also known as Dami, is the founder of a startup called Shutlers in Lagos, Nigeria

Supporting facts:

• Shutlers is a shared mobility platform that facilitates group travel for the workforce in Lagos, primarily young professionals who are inherently at risk due to inadequate public transport options

Topics: Lagos, Nigeria, Shutlers

---

Lack of safe and adequate public transport system in Lagos, Nigeria

Supporting facts:

• Nigeria has 200 million people with Lagos accounting for 20 million of this population. Public transport is not only inadequate but also poses safety risks, as evidenced by an unfortunate incident involving Dami’s sister

Topics: Public Transportation, Safety, Nigeria, Lagos

---

Shutlers provides affordable, safe, and predictable transportation to work

Supporting facts:

• Shutlers service is 60%-80% cheaper than normal ride-hailing services and neatly 10% higher than traditional public transport, balancing affordability and safety for the consumer

Topics: Shared Mobility, Workforce Transportation, Public Safety

---

Government initiatives can be very helpful for startups

Supporting facts:

• In 2016, the Office of the Vice President set up an accelerator program which was very helpful

• The speaker received their first grant through this program, which helped them bootstrap and build their first tech

Topics: Government Initiatives, Startups, Entrepreneurship, Tech

---

Using existing digital platforms like WhatsApp, Google, etc. can be effective for startups and businesses before they can afford to build their own apps

Supporting facts:

• Before having their own app, the speaker’s company used WhatsApp to communicate bus arrivals, shared Google links for tracking, and used Excel sheets for keeping reports

• This method was used for a number of years before they could build their own applications.

Topics: Startups, Digital platforms, Businesses, Communication

---

Policy makers are starting to realise that the digital world is a powerful venue for influence, more so than the physical world.

Supporting facts:

• Cases of influencers causing significant events, such as a mass gathering in Times Square

• Continued discussions over ownership and control of data

Topics: Policy Makers, Digital World

---

Young people entering government could bring about effective change, given their understanding of the digital ecosystem.

Supporting facts:

• Recent appointment of a young Nigerian minister with a background in the tech ecosystem

Topics: Government, Youth, Change

---

Had to fight everyday to succeed as an entrepreneur

Supporting facts:

• Describes fighting customers, team members, investors, policymakers

• Believes in saving herself and taking what she wants

Topics: Entrepreneurship, Women in Business

---

Doubts fuel her motivation to succeed

Supporting facts:

• Gets more energy when people doubt her success

• States that doubts fueled her hunger to succeed

Topics: Motivation, Success and Failure

---

Report

Shutlers, a shared mobility platform founded by Damilola Lokeshisi (also known as Dami) in Lagos, Nigeria, aims to address the transportation challenges faced by the workforce, particularly young professionals. The public transport system in Lagos is inadequate and poses safety risks, as seen in an unfortunate incident involving Dami’s sister.

Shutlers provides a solution by offering affordable and safe transportation options. The service is priced between standard ride-hailing services and traditional public transport, providing a balance between affordability and safety. Over the past six years, Shutlers has seen remarkable growth, expanding to three cities in Nigeria and raising $5.6 million in funding.

This success demonstrates the conviction in the business model and the solution it offers to the public transport challenges in Nigeria. Government initiatives, such as an accelerator programme, have proven to be instrumental in supporting startups like Shutlers. Dami received her first grant through this programme, which helped bootstrap and build her first tech.

However, there is a need for a more sustainable model to support entrepreneurs beyond the initial stages. Before developing their own application, Shutlers utilised existing digital platforms like WhatsApp, Google, and Excel sheets to communicate bus arrivals, track vehicles, and maintain reports.

This approach proved effective in the early stages of their operations until they could afford to build their own apps. There are concerns about proposals to tax digital goods and services, with some countries suggesting taxing instances like sending a PDF to another country or downloading an app.

Such taxation measures could have negative implications for startups and the digital industry. Policymakers are beginning to realise the significant influence of the digital world and its potential impact on various aspects of society. Issues such as ownership and control of data, alongside cases of influencers causing significant events, demonstrate the need for robust policy considerations.

The appointment of a young Nigerian minister with a tech background indicates that young people entering government can bring about effective change, leveraging their understanding of the digital ecosystem. There is an argument that the government should support citizens by staying out of their way and not making life more difficult.

This sentiment reflects the desire for reduced government interference and regulation, fostering an environment that promotes decent work and reduced inequalities. Dami, the founder of Shutlers, emphasises the daily challenges faced as an entrepreneur, highlighting the necessity to fight for success constantly.

She believes in self-empowerment and achieving one’s goals, using numbers and business traction as unbiased indicators of success. Doubts and challenges fuel her motivation to succeed. In conclusion, Shutlers is making significant strides in addressing transportation challenges in Lagos, Nigeria, through its shared mobility platform.

The success of Shutlers highlights the importance of government support for startups, the effective use of existing digital platforms, the implications of taxing digital goods and services, and the growing recognition of the influence of the digital world. The founder’s journey as an entrepreneur highlights the determination and perseverance required for success in the startup ecosystem.

Arguments

Yasmin runs a B2B startup in Egypt focused on food, groceries, and e-commerce delivery, similar to Uber’s delivery service.

Supporting facts:

• She started the business towards the end of November 2019, and targets businesses like Whole Foods and Carrefour.

• The business currently averages 10,000 deliveries a day, with 6 million deliveries to date.

• She has raised 10 million dollars for her business, predominantly from foreign investors such as American funds and GCC funds.

Topics: Startup, Egypt, Delivery Service, E-commerce

---

Startups in regions like the speaker’s country face extra challenges due to a lack of established ecosystem

Supporting facts:

• Speaker built a whole ecosystem around her start-up, including wallets, banks, and an app for people who can’t read

• She had to explain concepts like working hours and productivity to drivers

• Investors are starting to require more due diligence and aren’t investing over powerpoints

Topics: Startups, Ecosystem, Challenges, Investment

---

It’s important to view entrepreneurship as a business opportunity rather than a gender issue

Supporting facts:

• She participated in several accelerators

• Has received grants and founded a company

• Entrepreneurial success is not gender-specific

• Investors invest based on the potential for profit, regardless of the entrepreneur’s gender

Topics: Women in entrepreneurship, Investing

---

Women should adopt the mindset that they don’t need help, but rather equal opportunity

Supporting facts:

• Men do not typically receive coaching on entrepreneurship

• Women can succeed with strong business models and hard work

Topics: Equality, Entrepreneurship

---

Regulating the digital space in traditional ways is impractical and late

Supporting facts:

• Comparison with the situation of MP3 and the music industry

• Existing proposed policies are reactions to what already happened, not forward-looking

Topics: Digital Regulations, Policies, Digital Space

---

Values and norms specific to the digital space must be instilled

Supporting facts:

• Existing typical guides of behaviour in the digital space for children

Topics: Digital Norms, Digital Space

---

Speaker 6 encourages fighting for one’s aspirations irrespective of the gender

Supporting facts:

• Speaker recalls a childhood incident where her father reiterates that she should not feel any different due to being a girl

• She shared an observation: at school, girls, often appear more mature and responsible than boys

Topics: Women Empowerment, Gender Equality

---

Speaker 6 indicates a discrepancy in the way boys and girls are treated post schooling

Supporting facts:

• The speaker commented on how girls are academically more advanced as they often feel the pressure to do well, while boys may assume they can succeed in other ways like becoming a football player

• She is puzzled that girls often lose their self belief upon entering the workplace

Topics: Education, Gender Bias

---

Speaker 6 suggests viewing perceived obstacles as advantages

Supporting facts:

• Speaker has ambitions of working in a traditionally male-dominated industry (oil and gas) and going to challenging locations (Iraq) as a field engineer

Topics: Self-Confidence, Career Aspirations

---

Report

The analysis includes discussions from various speakers covering different aspects of entrepreneurship, gender equality, and digital regulations. One of the speakers, Yasmin, is the founder of a B2B startup in Egypt that focuses on food and e-commerce delivery. She has successfully raised $10 million in funding for her business and currently achieves an average of 10,000 deliveries per day.

Yasmin’s success story highlights the potential of startups in the industry and the importance of targeting specific markets, such as Whole Foods and Carrefour. Another speaker addresses the challenges faced by startups in certain regions, like the speaker’s own country.

These challenges arise from the lack of an established ecosystem to support startups. This emphasizes the importance of building a supportive environment that includes wallets, banks, and user-friendly apps. The speaker also highlights the need to explain basic concepts like working hours and productivity to the drivers associated with the startup.

Furthermore, the speaker notes that investors are becoming more cautious and are requiring additional due diligence, making it harder for startups to secure investment based solely on PowerPoint presentations. The analysis also delves into the gender dynamics of entrepreneurship. One speaker asserts that entrepreneurship should be viewed as a business opportunity rather than a gender issue.

This perspective argues that entrepreneurial success is not limited to any specific gender and that investors primarily consider the profit potential of ventures, irrespective of the entrepreneur’s gender. Another speaker highlights the importance of coaching and equal opportunity for women in entrepreneurship.

Both male and female entrepreneurs face competition and challenges, and reaching potential investors and delivering compelling pitches are essential for securing investment. The topic of digital regulations and policies is also explored. A speaker argues that regulating the digital space in traditional ways is impractical and reactive.

Drawing parallels with the music industry’s experience with MP3 files, the speaker suggests that existing proposed policies are somewhat backward-looking. Instead, the speaker advocates for a proactive approach that takes into account the unique nature and dynamics of the digital realm.

The analysis also emphasizes the need for instilling specific values and norms within the digital space. One speaker stresses the importance of teaching children responsible technology use and the development of digital etiquette. By raising awareness about the responsible use of technology from a young age, individuals can navigate and contribute positively to the digital space.

In terms of gender equality, one speaker shares a childhood experience where their father emphasized that being a girl should not hinder them from aspiring for success. This anecdote signifies the importance of fighting for personal aspirations, regardless of gender.

Another speaker highlights the treatment discrepancy between boys and girls, particularly in post-schooling stages. Girls often feel academic pressure to succeed, while boys may assume success will come through alternative means. The speaker raises concerns over the loss of self-belief many girls experience upon entering the workplace.

Finally, one speaker encourages individuals to view perceived obstacles as advantages and shares their ambition to work in a traditionally male-dominated industry. This serves as a testament to the speaker’s determination to challenge norms and succeed in challenging locations. In conclusion, the analysis provides valuable insights into various aspects of entrepreneurship, gender equality, and digital regulations.

It underscores the potential for success in startups, the importance of an established ecosystem, the need to view entrepreneurship as a business opportunity rather than a gender issue, and the significance of coaching and equal opportunity for women. The analysis also highlights the challenges of regulating the digital space, the importance of instilling digital values and norms, and the need to fight for aspirations irrespective of gender.

Ultimately, the analysis calls for a conducive environment that supports and empowers entrepreneurs, regardless of their gender or the industry they choose to pursue.

Arguments

Speaker 7 started her first business at 17 centered around selling fashionable textile products

Supporting facts:

• She sold the products to other university students, and the business had a successful 3-year run before she sold it

• This allowed Speaker 7 to fund her studies at the National Institute to learn more about textiles

Topics: Entrepreneurship, Fashion, Textiles

---

Speaker 7 created a nonprofit to connect women from different parts of the world in the textiles and clothing value chain

Supporting facts:

• The platform allowed these women entrepreneurs to not only reach to markets but also tell their stories

Topics: Nonprofits, Textile industry, Women empowerment

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Speaker 7’s platform, Inclusive Trade, assists small businesses in increasing their visibility and proving their sustainability efforts

Supporting facts:

• The platform has impacted about 4,000+ businesses so far

• An app version of the tool will soon be launched to scale the solution

Topics: Inclusive Trade, Sustainable development, Small businesses

---

The startup ecosystem involves various stakeholders including government, private sector investors, startups and scale ups.

Supporting facts:

• Speaker 7 is based in the UK

Topics: startup ecosystem, government, private sector investors

---

In the UK, the government provides grants for startups through Innovate UK.

Supporting facts:

• Innovate UK offers thematic grants

Topics: Innovate UK, government grants, startups

---

Investors receive tax benefits for investing in risky startups.

Supporting facts:

• The incentive is targeted at high net worth individuals.

• The tax benefits fill the gap before angel investors or VC funds step in.

Topics: tax benefits, investing, startups

---

Women entrepreneurs should be given equally comprehensive and challenging accelerator programs as male entrepreneurs

Supporting facts:

• She highlighted the importance not to underestimate women entrepreneurs

• Stated the need for training sessions and accelerators to see women as equals rather than a step lower

• She argued that knowing the rules of the game and being able to apply them is pivotal, not the gender of the entrepreneur

Topics: Women entrepreneurship, Business Accelerator programs, Gender bias

---

There is a need for MORE visible role models for women in the entrepreneurial sphere

Supporting facts:

• She shared her own experience of finding fewer role models while growing her business

Topics: Women entrepreneurship, Gender equality, Role models in Business

---

Transformation towards digitization requires a blend of bottom-up, top-down and private sector involvement

Supporting facts:

• In India, vendors on roads are now on Google Pay

• Unified payment solution (UPI) linking all banks in India has supported the digital transition

• Top-down measures such as policy changes and making data and smartphones cheaper and accessible have enabled the change

Topics: Digitization, Economic Growth, Government Policy, Private Sector

---

There are many free digital tools for start-ups and businesses for operation and planning

Supporting facts:

• Tools like Google Documents and Monday are simple, accessible and useful for operational management

Topics: Digital Transformation, Start-ups, Free Tools, Business Operations

---

There needs to be a difference between multinationals or level of companies when imposing specific policy regulations.

Supporting facts:

• It’s not fair to say to a small logistics company or an e-commerce company that every single market that you touch, you need to save the data on a cloud in that country or a server in that country.

• When you have large pan-global multinationals like Google or Meta, the rules there are not the same.

Topics: data privacy, data localization, policy regulations

---

There are complex discussions in AI space in terms of ownership and management.

Supporting facts:

• AI will keep growing over time.

• Discussions are ongoing on who owns what – the AI, the creator or the software that created the AI.

Topics: Artificial Intelligence, data ownership, data management

---

True gender equality can come through a combination of empowering girls and educating boys on how to respect and treat them as equals

Supporting facts:

• Speaker was raised in a conservative Indian society but encouraged to seize opportunities and gain knowledge

• As a mother of two boys, makes it a point to encourage equal responsibilities and respect for girls in the house

• Thinks it’s important to educate boys about gender equality to avoid problems later in life

Topics: gender equality, education, upbringing, culture

---

Choose something you truly believe in or want to do

Supporting facts:

• Speaker encourages selecting a profession not only for the money but also where passion lies

Topics: career choice, passion

---

Report

Speaker 7, a successful entrepreneur, started her first business at the age of 17. The business focused on selling fashionable textile products to university students. It had a successful three-year run before she decided to sell it to fund her studies in textiles at the National Institute.

This early venture not only provided her with valuable experience but also demonstrated her entrepreneurial spirit and determination. After completing her studies, Speaker 7 recognized the need to connect women in the textiles and clothing value chain. To address this, she created a nonprofit organization that served as a platform for women entrepreneurs from different parts of the world.

The platform not only allowed these women to reach new markets but also provided them with the opportunity to share their stories, further empowering them in their entrepreneurial journey. Building upon this success, Speaker 7 went on to launch Inclusive Trade, an e-commerce platform that connects small businesses with customers globally.

The platform has had a significant impact, supporting over 4,000 businesses so far. It provides these businesses with increased visibility and helps them prove their sustainability efforts, thus attracting more customers and opportunities. The positive sentiment surrounding Inclusive Trade is evident from its continuous influx of about £70,000 worth of business every month, which has prompted the need for external investments to support the platform’s scale-up.

Throughout her journey, Speaker 7 has been a strong advocate for comprehensive accelerator programs for women entrepreneurs. She believes that women should be given equally challenging programs as their male counterparts, rejecting the notion of “dumbing down” initiatives for women. She emphasizes the importance of having visible role models for women in the entrepreneurial sphere, encouraging their empowerment and success.

In addition, Speaker 7 highlights the significance of gender equality, which she believes can be achieved through empowering girls and educating boys. She draws from her own experience of being raised in a conservative Indian society but being encouraged to seize opportunities and gain knowledge.

As a mother of two boys, she actively promotes equal responsibilities and respect for girls within her household. The speaker also acknowledges the need for a blended approach towards digitization, involving bottom-up, top-down, and private sector involvement. She cites examples from India, where vendors on roads have embraced digital payments through platforms like Google Pay.

She highlights the importance of policy changes, cheaper smartphones, and accessible data as essential factors enabling digital transformation. Finally, Speaker 7 emphasizes the need to choose a profession based on passion, rather than merely for financial gain. She firmly believes that no profession should be viewed as superior or inferior, challenging traditional societal expectations in countries like India.

Overall, the journey and insights of Speaker 7 serve as an inspiration for aspiring entrepreneurs, particularly women, highlighting the importance of determination, empowerment, and embracing new opportunities.

Arguments

Small businesses in Pacific Islands face numerous challenges in starting their online journey

Supporting facts:

• Limited capacity of small businesses to do multiple things at once

• In the Pacific, advancements and changes normally arrive a bit later

• Internet penetration averages 50% for most of the Pacific Islands

• Cost of internet can be around 13% – 20% of an average salary

• Digital skills and financial literacy is also a challenge

Topics: Small Businesses, Online Business, E-commerce, Pacific Island

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PIF is leveraging its regional knowledge and ability to reach micro and small businesses to help them transition from offline to online

Supporting facts:

• PIF knows the region well and can reach certain segments of the population

• PIF developed business toolkits that are simple manuals to make the transition easier for the entrepreneurs

Topics: Private sector, E-commerce, Business transition

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The business toolkits can be accessed through the Pacific e-commerce portal

Supporting facts:

• The Pacific e-commerce portal includes various resources on e-commerce, including business toolkits

• They developed the portal as part of their work on coordination for Pacific e-commerce regional strategy.

Topics: Pacific e-commerce portal, business toolkits, e-commerce

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Andrea Ibba discusses the development of toolkits for small businesses in the Pacific

Supporting facts:

• The toolkits are being developed and piloted in Vanuatu, FSM, Samoa, and Tuvalu

• The SPIRIT program and FACERPLUS implementation unit are supporting the project

• Support is given on demand via contact from Ministry of Trade focal points

Topics: Small Businesses, Toolkit Development, Pacific Region

---

There are varying challenges for businesses depending on their size and country, however, the most commonly raised issue is on payments

Supporting facts:

• Companies in the Pacific struggle with costs of shipping, sometimes even higher than the product’s price

• Issues range from not knowing how to make or receive payments to limitations set by reserve banks

• Fiji, a relatively advanced country in the digital economy, struggles with issues of cross-border payments

Topics: online business, digital economy, e-commerce

---

For businesses wanting to start engaging with e-commerce, cost of using data and infrastructure should be considered first

Topics: online business, digital infrastructure, e-commerce start-up

---

Report

Small businesses in the Pacific Islands face several challenges when starting their online journey. One major obstacle is their limited capacity to handle multiple tasks simultaneously, making it difficult to allocate resources and time towards establishing an online presence. Additionally, advancements and changes in the region tend to arrive later, further hindering small businesses from embracing e-commerce.

Internet accessibility is another major challenge, with internet penetration averaging around 50% in most islands. However, the cost of internet can be quite high, reaching approximately 13% to 20% of an average salary. Limited access to affordable and reliable internet services acts as a barrier to online engagement.

Furthermore, the lack of digital skills and financial literacy among entrepreneurs adds to the challenges they face. Creating an enabling environment for online business is crucial. However, infrastructure issues limit internet penetration mainly to capital cities, leaving remote areas with inadequate access.

The lack of essential infrastructure and services, such as 4G internet, further exacerbates the problem. High costs associated with internet usage also hinder accessibility and potential profits for online businesses. Addressing the consumer side of online business is equally important.

Low digital literacy and high costs of internet access result in low demand for digital products. Improving digital literacy and finding solutions to reduce internet cost are essential to overcome these barriers. Lower-cost platforms like Facebook provide a user-friendly option for small businesses to establish an online presence.

This offers an affordable alternative to the expense of starting an independent e-commerce website or platform. The Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) recognizes the challenges faced by small businesses and has developed business toolkits to assist them in navigating the complexities of online operations.

These user-friendly toolkits provide practical guidance tailored to specific challenges and are designed to save entrepreneurs’ time. Andrea Ibba, an expert in small business development, supports the use of these toolkits as a valuable resource for entrepreneurs. They have been developed based on demand from Ministry of Trade focal points in various countries, making them highly relevant and effective.

PIF also offers additional support through workshops, coaching and mentoring schemes, and a grant scheme. These initiatives aim to strengthen the support provided to small businesses and ensure their successful transition to the digital landscape. Furthermore, businesses in the Pacific Islands face payment challenges, including high shipping costs and difficulties in making and receiving payments.

The United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF) is working on strategies to address these challenges through mobile payments, offering a promising solution to facilitate transactions. When considering e-commerce, businesses need to evaluate the costs associated with data usage and digital infrastructure.

Careful consideration of these costs is necessary to ensure financial viability. Overall, small businesses in the Pacific Islands face challenges such as limited capacity, high internet costs, and low digital literacy. However, by creating an enabling environment, utilizing lower-cost platforms, providing business toolkits, and offering additional support, these challenges can be overcome, facilitating successful online expansion.

Addressing payment issues and exploring mobile payment solutions are also crucial steps in promoting e-commerce growth in the region.

Arguments

Audience inquires about the potential expansion of PACER+

Topics: PACER+, Expansion, Regional Trade

---

The speaker emphasizes the importance of learning from different parts of the world

Topics: Global Collaboration, International Relations

---

Speaker shows interest in the potential for passage between Africa and the Pacific

Topics: Maritime Relations

---

The speaker extends gratitude to the individuals and donors involved in the project

Topics: Project Management, Donor Relations

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Loss of correspondent banking relationships is a significant problem across Pacific Island states

Supporting facts:

• Vanuatu is a prime example where none of the banks had a correspondent banking relationship

• National Bank of Vanuatu flies with millions of dollars in a suitcase to Australia to settle weekly

Topics: Pacific Islands, Banking, Economy, Correspondent Banking Relationships, De-Risking

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This problem is political, not just technical and therefore demanding a right to be connected to the financial world

Supporting facts:

• Meeting of the Central Bank Governors of the South Pacific occur every year to discuss the issue

• Some banks are looking into more innovative solutions

Topics: Politics, Finance, Global Economy

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Correspondent banking relationships are the intermediaries between banks in different countries

Supporting facts:

• Correspondent banks are typically housed in U.S. and include big banks like Citibank, Wells Fargo

• Correspondent banking relationships help in settling payments internationally between different banks in different countries

Topics: E-commerce, Banking, International Payments

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Report

The analysis includes multiple speakers discussing various topics related to international trade, cooperation, and banking. One topic of discussion is the potential expansion of PACER+, a regional trade agreement. The audience inquires about the future plans for PACER+, indicating an interest in its growth and development.

Another point emphasized by one of the speakers is the importance of learning from different parts of the world. This underlines the significance of global collaboration and international relations in achieving mutual growth and development. The speaker voices support for international cooperation, promoting a collective approach to problem-solving.

Maritime relations between Africa and the Pacific also come up in the analysis, with a speaker expressing interest in exploring the potential for passage between the two regions. This demonstrates an acknowledgement of the importance of connectivity and trade routes for economic development in both regions.

The loss of correspondent banking relationships in Pacific Island states is highlighted as a significant problem. This issue is attributed to both political and technical factors, demanding a right to be connected to the financial world. The analysis reveals that this problem is not limited to the Pacific Islands, as some banks in other regions are also facing similar challenges.

The extent of this problem is evidenced by specific examples, such as the case of Vanuatu, where banks have resorted to physically transporting large sums of money in suitcases to settle transactions. One of the speakers suggests considering banking connectivity as a public utility.

They argue that the cost of servicing small markets from correspondent banking relationships is high, and compliance costs are rapidly increasing. This viewpoint implies a need for a shift from considering banking purely as a profit-driven commercial venture to viewing it as a service essential for societal development.

Furthermore, the analysis explores the idea of subsidizing banking services with public money, as the commercial viability of such services in small markets is diminishing. This perspective views banking as a critical public good, deserving of support to address the challenges faced by smaller economies.

Additionally, the speakers delve into the role of correspondent banking relationships in international payments and their impact on e-commerce. They explain that correspondent banks act as intermediaries between banks in different countries, enabling settlements of international transactions. However, this system poses difficulties for e-commerce in smaller markets, as big banks often consider such markets unprofitable and are reluctant to provide correspondent banking services.

This further exacerbates the challenges faced by small businesses in these regions, as transactions can be time-consuming and expensive. In light of the obstacles faced in sustaining e-commerce commercially in small markets, the notion of treating it as a public good for these markets is proposed.

Viewing e-commerce as a public good, akin to essential utilities like water and electricity, can create an enabling environment for small businesses to thrive. Overall, the analysis presents a diverse range of perspectives on key issues such as trade, banking, and economic development.

It highlights the need for international cooperation, political solutions to banking challenges, and alternative approaches to support small markets and businesses. The suggestions put forward aim to foster inclusive growth and address the limitations faced by economies with unique circumstances.

Arguments

Transitioning to online platform expanded the customer base and increased profits for Alele Handicraft Shop

Supporting facts:

• Alele Handicraft Shop started a Facebook page to market online in 2011

• The shop has over 20,000 followers on their social media pages

Topics: Digital Transition, Online marketing, Facebook marketing

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Online presence allowed Alele Handicraft Shop to share Marshallese culture through arts and crafts with the world

Supporting facts:

• Alele Handicraft Shop sells products that represent Marshallese culture

Topics: Cultural Preservation, Digital Platforms, Online Marketing

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Challenges in scaling up production of Pacific Handicrafts for online market

Supporting facts:

• Handicrafts take time and expertise to produce, which can be challenging to meet up with online demand

• Experienced a situation where a buyer wanted over 50 hand-woven bags which could not be produced fast enough

Topics: Offline to online market transition, Demand and Supply, Inventory, Handicrafts

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Support in the form of toolkits and mentorship programs are needed for small businesses transitioning online

Supporting facts:

• A mentoring program where someone mentors a small business owner for a long term can help the business become independent and self-sufficient

• Small businesses can also learn from each other through a forum where they exchange ideas and share experiences

Topics: Toolkit, Mentorship Program, Small Businesses, Online Transition

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Shipping of products is a major challenge

Supporting facts:

• They can only ship to the US cheaply due to an agreement with the US Postal Services

• Shipping to the Pacific using DHL is very expensive

• They sometimes have people hand-deliver products when travelling to certain countries

Topics: Logistics, Customer Service, Shipping

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Prioritizing connection and trust with weavers over rushing orders

Supporting facts:

• Island life is laid-back and forcing a weaver to rush is not ideal

• If a requested item is not in stock, they recommend a substitute product which is more readily available

Topics: Supplier Relationships, B2B Marketing

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Still in the seed stage of e-commerce

Supporting facts:

• Been conducting online business for past 10 years

• Need to understand e-commerce, particularly payments and charges

Topics: E-commerce, Online Business

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Report

The Alele Handicraft Shop in the Marshall Islands made the decision to transition to an online platform in 2011, which has proven to be highly beneficial for the business. By creating a Facebook page to market their products online, the shop was able to expand its customer base and increase its profits.

The success of this transition is evident from the fact that the shop now has over 20,000 followers on its social media pages. One of the significant advantages of the shop’s online presence is its ability to promote and share Marshallese culture through its arts and crafts.

Alele Handicraft Shop takes pride in selling products that represent the unique cultural heritage of the Marshall Islands. With their online platform, they can reach a global audience and share the beauty of Marshallese culture with the world. The success story of Alele Handicraft Shop serves as an example for other small businesses looking to transition online.

Being one of the first small businesses in the handicraft sector in the Marshall Islands to embrace the digital transformation, their experience can provide guidance and inspiration to others who are considering a similar move. The transition to an online platform, when done right, has the potential to bring about growth, innovation, and economic prosperity for small businesses.

However, there are challenges that come with scaling up production to meet the demands of the online market. Handicrafts, particularly those made by Alele Handicraft Shop, require time and expertise to produce. This can pose difficulties in meeting the high demand that online platforms often generate.

For instance, the shop once experienced a situation where a buyer wanted over 50 hand-woven bags, but they were unable to produce them quickly enough. This highlights the need to find solutions for efficiently scaling up production. To address this challenge, the shop has focused on promoting the creation of faster-to-make products.

By encouraging the production of earrings, necklaces, and other items that can be made more quickly, they can meet online demand more effectively. This strategy allows them to leverage their expertise while still satisfying customer needs. Supportive measures such as toolkits, mentorship programs, and a community forum are crucial for helping small businesses successfully transition online.

Alele Handicraft Shop recognizes the importance of these resources and believes that they are essential for providing guidance, knowledge, and support to businesses in the online transition process. For instance, a mentoring program where experienced individuals mentor small business owners can play a critical role in helping businesses become independent and self-sufficient.

Additionally, a forum where small business owners can exchange ideas and share experiences can foster shared learning, innovation, and growth within the community. While the transition to an online platform has brought about numerous advantages, shipping products remains a major challenge for Alele Handicraft Shop.

Due to an agreement with the US Postal Services, they can only ship their products cheaply to the US, limiting their reach to other parts of the world. Shipping to the Pacific using DHL is costly, which poses a significant barrier for them.

As a workaround, they sometimes rely on individuals to hand-deliver products when they are travelling to specific countries. Finding cost-effective shipping solutions that expand their reach to a broader customer base continues to be a priority for the shop. Supplier relationships also play a crucial role in the success of the shop.

Given the laid-back nature of island life in the Marshall Islands, rushing weavers to meet orders is not ideal. In instances where a requested item is not in stock, the shop recommends substitute products that are readily available instead of pressuring weavers to meet specific demands.

Building strong connections and trust with suppliers allows the shop to maintain a healthy and sustainable business ecosystem. Despite the positive outcomes of transitioning online, the process is not without its challenges. Moving from an offline to an online market presents various obstacles that need to be overcome.

For Alele Handicraft Shop, some of the main issues include various types of challenges related to logistics, stock availability, and shipping. These difficulties highlight the complexities involved in fully embracing the digital transformation and adapting to the changing market landscape.

Although the Alele Handicraft Shop has been conducting online business for the past 10 years, they still consider themselves to be in the early stages of e-commerce. As with any evolving industry, understanding the intricacies of e-commerce, particularly regarding payments and charges, is an ongoing learning process.

The shop remains committed to continuously improving their e-commerce expertise and leveraging it to further grow their business. When it comes to funding their start-up, Alele Handicraft Shop prefers to avoid business loans. While bank loans may be the typical choice for funding, the shop has moved past relying on loans and instead seeks out in-country opportunities, grants, or loans.

Their goal is to become self-sufficient and independent, taking advantage of existing resources and opportunities without relying heavily on loans. In conclusion, the Alele Handicraft Shop’s transition to an online platform has proven to be a successful move, resulting in increased profits and an expanded customer base.

The shop’s online presence allows them to share and promote Marshallese culture through their unique arts and crafts. Challenges in scaling up production and shipping remain, but the shop’s focus on faster-to-make products and strong supplier relationships help overcome these obstacles.

The shop strongly advocates for toolkits, mentorship programs, and community forums to support other businesses in their online transition. While they continue to refine their e-commerce strategies, the shop aims to become self-sufficient and explore alternative funding options.

Arguments

Pacer Plus is a regional agreement that supports digital trade and e-commerce among Pacific islands, including Australia and New Zealand.

Supporting facts:

• Pacer Plus works on digital trade issues and e-commerce to help member states benefit.

• Pacer Plus supports the Pacific Business Enhancements Flow Initiative.

Topics: e-commerce, digital trade, Pacer Plus, regional agreement

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Pacer Plus is working on strengthening the enabling environment in member countries and supporting the growth of digital trade.

Supporting facts:

• Pacer Plus is working on the legal and regulatory framework for digital trade.

• Pacer Plus is supporting e-commerce law drafting in Pacer Plus countries.

• Pacer Plus is conducting a feasibility study to look at the interface between UPU and Assecuta World.

Topics: e-commerce, growth, Pacer Plus, digital trade

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Pacer Plus is working towards inclusiveness of women, marginalized groups, and people with disability in e-commerce activities.

Supporting facts:

• Focus on gender equality and inclusiveness is a key part of Pacer Plus’s Development Economic Cooperation Work Program.

• Pacer Plus is ensuring the inclusiveness of all parties in implementing their trade services and investment activities in the e-commerce sector.

Topics: inclusiveness, marginalized groups, gender equality

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Pacer Plus has successfully implemented several e-commerce activities in different regions.

Supporting facts:

• Pacer Plus has conducted e-commerce regulatory gap analysis and launched the e-commerce acceleration work plan in the Cook Islands.

• Pacer Plus validated the e-commerce policy through a national consultation process in Kiribati.

• Pacer Plus has launched the Samoan National e-commerce strategy.

• Pacer Plus undertook an assessment and options analysis to expand the payment ecosystem for e-commerce in Tuvalu.

Topics: e-commerce, Pacer Plus, implementation

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The Pacific Business Flow Enhancement Initiative is flexible and can add components as per the needs of PACERplus countries.

Supporting facts:

• They fund on an annual and multi-year cycle.

• The four components outlined initially are just the starting point, there is provision to add more based on the requirements of the countries.

Topics: Pacific Business Flow Enhancement Initiative, PACERplus, E-commerce

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PACER+ is open to expanding to other countries.

Supporting facts:

• Olivia Phongkham mentioned that countries’ expansion into PACER+ is not by invitation but by the countries themselves requesting it.

• She stated that they would welcome countries joining PACER+

Topics: PACER+ expansion, Trade agreements

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Report

The Pacer Plus regional agreement aims to support digital trade and e-commerce among Pacific islands, including Australia and New Zealand. This agreement focuses on creating a conducive environment for member countries and fostering the growth of digital trade. It strives to strengthen the legal and regulatory framework for digital trade by working on e-commerce law drafting and conducting feasibility studies on various trade aspects.

Additionally, Pacer Plus has successfully implemented several e-commerce activities in different regions, such as regulatory gap analysis, launching e-commerce policies, and validating strategies through national consultation processes. Inclusiveness is an important aspect of Pacer Plus, with a specific focus on promoting gender equality and the inclusion of marginalized groups and people with disabilities in e-commerce activities.

The Development Economic Cooperation Work Program of Pacer Plus prioritises gender equality and inclusiveness, ensuring that all parties involved in trade services and investment activities in the e-commerce sector are included and have equal opportunities. The Pacific Business Flow Enhancement Initiative, which operates under the Pacer Plus agreement, is designed to be flexible and adaptable to the needs and requirements of PACERplus countries.

This initiative provides funding on an annual and multi-year cycle, allowing for the addition of more components as needed. This flexibility enables countries to align their national priorities with the obligations of PACERplus and other trade commitments, such as those in the World Trade Organization and multilateral forums.

The expansion of PACER+ is not limited to invitation but depends on countries’ requests to join. Olivia Phongkham, a representative, stated that countries can request to join PACER+ and they would welcome such requests. The expansion of PACER+ is ultimately determined by the country’s desire to join and participate in the agreement.

In conclusion, the Pacer Plus regional agreement plays a vital role in promoting digital trade and e-commerce among Pacific islands, fostering an enabling environment for its member countries, and driving inclusive growth in the e-commerce sector. With its successful implementation of various e-commerce initiatives, Pacer Plus has demonstrated its commitment to supporting the development and expansion of digital trade.

Moreover, the flexibility of the Pacific Business Flow Enhancement Initiative allows for customization to meet the specific needs of PACERplus countries.

Arguments

The goal of the panel discussion is to enhance visibility of digital acceleration and transition, specifically for small businesses in the Pacific.

Supporting facts:

• Sven Callebaut is moderating the panel discussion.

• The discussion is provided by PIFS and UNCTAD Secretariat.

Topics: Digital acceleration, Pacific small businesses, Online transition

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PIFS has developed number of business toolkits for Pacific small businesses to aid their transition online.

Supporting facts:

• The toolkits offer guidance on establishing online presence, managing risks and overcoming sector-specific challenges.

• PIFS expanded the program to provide training, mentorship, and financial support.

Topics: Pacific small businesses, Business toolkits, Digital transition

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The panel consists of experts from the Pacific region who will discuss on the transition from offline to online for small businesses.

Supporting facts:

• The panel includes Candice Guavis from the Republic of the Marshall Islands, Andrea Iba from PIPSC, Olivia Pongham from PESA Plus, and Thomas Gorisek from the EU Delegation.

Topics: Pacific small businesses, Digital transition, Panel discussion

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The toolkits developed to aid SMEs’, transition from offline to online business

Supporting facts:

• PIF has developed toolkits for Vanuatu, Federal State of Macronesia, Samoa, and two regional ones

• The toolkits are designed to be user-friendly, simple manuals that help businesses understand the steps to move online

Topics: Micro and small enterprises, Online Business, Challenges in transition

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The Pacer Plus trade agreement is beneficial for digital trade

Supporting facts:

• It is a regional agreement among Pacific islands, including Australia and New Zealand

• The program works on e-commerce and digital trade issues

• There are opportunities for member states to benefit from the Pacific Business Enhancement Flow Initiative

Topics: Pacer Plus, Digital trade, Regional agreements

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Sven Callebaut is interested to know the type of support small entrepreneurs need from their organizations and development partners to continue their online journey

Supporting facts:

• Sven Callebaut is asking for the type of support needed by small entrepreneurs to continue their online journey

• Sven Callebaut highlights possible forms of support such as: laws and regulations, infrastructure and connectivity, business toolkits, and small capital grants

Topics: Online Business, E-commerce, Development Partners, Support, Small Entrepreneurs

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Help and aid available through PACERplus and PIVs

Supporting facts:

• Coordinated through PACERplus Implementation Unit and PIVs

• Work with countries to develop proposals on ongoing basis

• Align national priorities with international commitments and obligations

Topics: PACERplus Implementation Unit, Regional approach, Business Flow Enhancement Initiative

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Promoting the move to mobile payment and cashless solution in the Pacific is challenging due to societal reliance on cash.

Supporting facts:

• People in the Pacific community usually rely on cash. They store cash and make monthly trips to the main islands or the capital to put the cash in the bank and then return to their islands.

• This reliance on cash has been the way for decades.

• PayPal or Stripe, widespread payment solutions for e-commerce businesses outside the Pacific, are not available in most, if not all, Pacific Island countries.

• Charges on debit card and credit card present another difficulty.

Topics: mobile payment, cashless society

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High level session on the Pacific experiences

Supporting facts:

• Session will happen on Friday between 10 AM to 11.30 AM

• The session will explore how other countries can benefit from the lessons learned in/from the Pacific

• Bram Peters from UNCDF, an expert in finance, is in the room

Topics: Financial and payment systems, Best practices, Challenges

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Report

The panel discussion aims to increase the visibility of digital acceleration and transition for small businesses in the Pacific. The goal is to highlight the importance and benefits of embracing digital platforms and technologies for small businesses in the region.

The discussion, moderated by Sven Callebaut, is provided by the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat (PIFS) and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Secretariat. To support and facilitate the online transition of Pacific small businesses, PIFS has developed business toolkits.

These toolkits offer guidance on establishing an online presence, managing risks, and overcoming sector-specific challenges. PIFS has expanded the program to provide training, mentorship, and financial support to help businesses effectively transition to the online realm. The panel discussion consists of experts from the Pacific region who will discuss the transition from offline to online for small businesses.

The panel includes Candice Guavis from the Republic of the Marshall Islands, Andrea Iba from the Pacific Islands Private Sector Organization (PIPSO), Olivia Pongham from the Pacific Economic Staff Association Plus (PESA Plus), and Thomas Gorisek from the European Union (EU) Delegation.

Their expertise and experience will provide valuable insights and perspectives on the challenges and opportunities of embracing digital platforms. Sven Callebaut stands as an advocate for the enhancement of visibility and support for the transition of Pacific small businesses to an online platform.

In addition to the business toolkits, PIFS provides financial support, training, and mentorship to aid the transition process for these businesses. The Pacer Plus trade agreement, a regional agreement among Pacific islands, including Australia and New Zealand, works towards enhancing digital trade and e-commerce in the region.

It offers opportunities for member states to benefit from the Pacific Business Enhancement Flow Initiative, focusing on e-commerce and digital trade issues. Sven Callebaut is interested in understanding the type of support small entrepreneurs need from their organizations and development partners to continue their online journey.

This signifies the importance of collaboration and partnership in facilitating the digitalization of small businesses. On the topic of payment challenges, the reliance on cash in the Pacific poses difficulties in promoting mobile payment and cashless solutions. This societal reliance on cash, coupled with the absence of widespread payment solutions like PayPal or Stripe in most Pacific Island countries, makes the adoption of digital payment methods challenging.

Additionally, charges on debit and credit cards present further obstacles to overcome. Lastly, a high-level session will be conducted to explore the lessons learned from the Pacific’s experiences in financial and payment systems. This session, featuring Bram Peters from the United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF), aims to share best practices and insights that can benefit other countries and regions.

In conclusion, the panel discussion, business toolkits, and Pacer Plus trade agreement are all geared towards supporting and enhancing the digital transition of Pacific small businesses. Collaboration, support, and the sharing of insights and best practices are crucial in facilitating the adoption and success of online platforms and technologies.

However, challenges related to payment systems and societal reliance on cash must be addressed to fully unlock the potential of digitalization in the Pacific.

Arguments

EU and Pacific states are natural allies in terms of digital transformation and green transition

Supporting facts:

• Both are aiming at ambitious results at COPS and domestic policies

• Digital transition could help Pacific islands fight transaction costs, access large economic zones, and mitigate climate change impacts

Topics: EU, Digital Transformation, Green Transition

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To achieve digital transition, a comprehensive approach is needed

Supporting facts:

• Elements like government policies, infrastructure, skills, and businesses need to be considered

• A single-pillar approach cannot solve the issue of digital transition

Topics: Digital Transformation, Innovation

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Regional coordination is crucial

Supporting facts:

• The EU has had a good experience with the PIFs

• Communication is super important and starts within the region

• When both elements are together, good programs and strategies can be defined

Topics: Regional cooperation, Information access, Mutually recognizable standards

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Report

The European Union (EU) and Pacific states are natural allies when it comes to digital transformation and green transition. They both aim for ambitious results at international conferences, such as the Conference of Parties (COPs), and through their domestic policies.

The digital transition can be of great help to Pacific islands in overcoming challenges like transaction costs, accessing large economic zones, and mitigating the impacts of climate change. Achieving successful digital transition requires a comprehensive approach that considers various elements, including government policies, infrastructure, skills, and businesses.

A single-pillar approach is not enough to address the complexities of digital transformation. By taking a holistic approach, the EU and Pacific states can effectively navigate challenges and seize opportunities. E-commerce business toolkits are valuable resources for entrepreneurs, and efforts like the Pacific Regional Integration Support Program provide support to entrepreneurs in the Pacific region.

It is important to address the digital skills gap among European SMEs, as many of them feel inadequately equipped. Implementing e-commerce business toolkits can empower entrepreneurs and contribute to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to industry, innovation, and infrastructure.

Trade facilitation and infrastructure projects play a crucial role in supporting e-commerce success. The EU supports various initiatives in the Pacific region aimed at improving trade facilitation and infrastructure, such as Securitas and port rehabilitation projects. These initiatives ensure efficient product delivery, even after electronic transactions have taken place.

Regional coordination is key to digital transformation and e-commerce promotion. The EU’s positive experiences with the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat (PIFs) highlight the importance of regional cooperation. Effective communication within the region is crucial for the development of successful programs and strategies.

Initiatives like the Pacific e-commerce development partners subcommittee bring stakeholders together and foster collaboration. In conclusion, the EU and Pacific states share common goals in digital transformation and green transition. By adopting comprehensive approaches and encouraging regional coordination, they can leverage digital technologies and foster sustainable economies.

These initiatives aim to enhance the entrepreneurial ecosystem and contribute to the achievement of SDGs.

Arguments

The Global Alliance for Trade Facilitation is ready to help put together well-packaged, precise project plans for expanding postal systems, which can attract more funding from donors.

Supporting facts:

• The speaker is the Director of the Global Alliance for Trade Facilitation

• They deal with donors regularly

Topics: Trade Facilitation, Postal System, Project Planning, Funding

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Report

The Global Alliance for Trade Facilitation is offering its assistance in developing comprehensive project plans to expand postal systems. This initiative aims to attract more funding from donors, supporting the growth and improvement of postal services. The Director of the Global Alliance for Trade Facilitation, who is the speaker in this context, has vast experience in dealing with donors regularly.

This demonstrates their expertise and ability to effectively package project proposals that can secure financial support from donors. In addition to the Global Alliance’s support, the audience at the event also expressed agreement regarding the importance of enhancing the role of postal systems in economic development.

They emphasized that postal services play a significant role not only in trade facilitation but also in other sectors such as agriculture. For instance, a member of the audience from Côte d’Ivoire, a primarily agricultural country, highlighted the use of the postal system to promote local products.

This illustrates the multifaceted impact and potential of postal systems in supporting economic growth and achieving sustainable development goals related to decent work and economic growth (SDG 8) and zero hunger (SDG 2). Furthermore, the ambassador present at the event expressed their support for the Universal Postal Union (UPU) and its efforts in developing projects.

They also expressed their desire to serve as a bridge between the UPU and their respective capitals. The representative of Rwanda, a country recognised for its accomplishments in postal system development, showcases a commitment to international collaboration and partnerships for the advancement of postal services.

This aligns with SDG 9, which focuses on industry, innovation, and infrastructure, as well as SDG 17, which emphasises partnerships for the goals. To summarise, the Global Alliance for Trade Facilitation is ready to provide invaluable support in the form of well-packaged project plans to expand postal systems, aiming to attract financial support from donors.

The consensus among the audience further emphasises the importance of enhancing the role of postal systems in economic development, with notable contributions in sectors such as agriculture. Lastly, the ambassador’s support for the UPU and their intention to facilitate collaboration between the UPU and their capitals exemplify the dedication to international partnerships for the betterment of postal services worldwide.

Arguments

Supporting postal infrastructure is essential for trade and growth, especially for MSMEs

Supporting facts:

• MSMEs make up over 90% of businesses in Spain and contribute 65% to GDP.

• 42.4% of MSMEs are owned by women.

• Correios Market provides a platform enabling MSMEs access to markets reaching around 60 million people in Spain and Portugal.

Topics: Postal Infrastructure, Trade, Growth, MSMEs

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The platform was established in 2020.

Supporting facts:

• The platform was created in 2020.

Topics: Food delivery platform, Establishment date

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The platform is only open to consumers in Spain and Portugal.

Supporting facts:

• The platform is currently limited to Spain and Portugal due to challenges with customs.

Topics: Food delivery platform, Regional restrictions

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UPU is a great platform for global cooperation and is critical for postal operators in different regions, e.g., Spain in Latin America.

Supporting facts:

• They are launching a kind of Correos market for the whole Latin American region to support SMEs.

• UPU and restricted unions offer a framework for geographically based engagements.

Topics: UPU, Postal services, Global cooperation, Spain, Latin America

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Post offices should be seen as critical infrastructure, not only for mail delivery but also for broader services.

Supporting facts:

• Post offices have proved critical in delivering medications and other supplies.

• Many postal operators like Correos are state-owned, have to undergo transformation which requires investment.

Topics: Post offices, Infrastructure, Investment

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It is important to understand the value chain and work in partnerships with governments, regulators, companies and customs.

Supporting facts:

• Post offices have to adhere to standards and trade barriers set by others, including customs and regulations.

• Post offices are not the ones setting the standards or regulations but are the ones suffering.

Topics: Partnerships, Value Chain, Governments, Regulators, Companies, Customs

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Report

During the discussion, the speakers covered various interconnected topics related to postal infrastructure, trade, growth, and micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). They emphasized the importance of supporting postal infrastructure as essential for trade and growth, especially for MSMEs. MSMEs make up over 90% of businesses in Spain and contribute 65% to the country’s GDP.

Furthermore, it was noted that 42.4% of these MSMEs are owned by women. To address this, the speakers argued that investment in women-led businesses should be increased. They highlighted the significant investment gap between male-led and female-led businesses, amounting to a staggering £285 billion.

It was also mentioned that data on investment in women-led businesses is crucial. Notably, female-led businesses have shown a better social and environmental impact, supporting the case for increased investment. The speakers also discussed the challenges posed by digitization, training, and connectivity in the context of green and digital transformation.

They expressed concern that these challenges could leave certain groups of people behind in the transformation process. Similarly, the negative impact of red tape and customs and trade barriers was highlighted, particularly for smaller companies. It was mentioned that 0.33% of Spanish GDP is lost due to red tape, and reducing trade barriers could have a significant positive impact on international GDP.

The establishment of a food delivery platform in 2020 was mentioned during the discussion. However, it was noted that currently, the platform is limited to operating in Spain and Portugal due to challenges with customs. This observation aligns with the Sustainable Development Goal of reducing inequalities (SDG 10), as the platform is not accessible to consumers outside these two countries.

The speakers underscored the significance of global cooperation through platforms like the Universal Postal Union (UPU). They highlighted the planned expansion of the Correos market, a platform that enables MSMEs to access markets, to include the entire Latin American region.

This illustrates how UPU and similar institutions can provide a framework for geographically based engagements, fostering collaboration on a global scale. Moreover, the vital role played by post offices as critical infrastructure was emphasized. Post offices have proven to be critical in delivering medications and other essential supplies, especially during challenging times.

It was also mentioned that many postal operators, like Correos, are state-owned and are currently undergoing transformation, which requires adequate investment. The discussion highlighted the importance of understanding the value chain and working in partnerships with governments, regulators, companies, and customs.

Post offices, which are subject to the standards and trade barriers set by others, including customs and regulations, sometimes face challenges as they are not the ones determining these standards. In conclusion, the speakers’ discussion covered various aspects of postal infrastructure, trade, growth, and MSMEs.

They emphasized the need to support postal infrastructure for trade and growth, increase investment in women-led businesses, tackle challenges related to digitization, training, and connectivity, address red tape and trade barriers, and recognize the critical role of post offices as infrastructure.

Their arguments were supported by various facts and examples, highlighting the importance of collaboration and partnerships in achieving sustainable and inclusive development.

Arguments

Investing in MSMEs leads to steady but transformational economic change and helps to achieve the SDGs

Supporting facts:

• MSMEs account for almost 90% of all businesses and over 50% of jobs worldwide, and in least developed countries and small island development states, they represent close to 100% of the business ecosystem

• Green MSMEs necessary for a green transition

Topics: MSMEs, trade

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Women’s economic empowerment can be achieved by investing in MSMEs

Supporting facts:

• Women are sole owners of only around 15% of MSMEs globally

• Global Gap in gender representation at top managerial levels in MSMEs

Topics: Women’s empowerment, MSMEs

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MSMEs face challenges in entering regional and global markets

Supporting facts:

• Global figures for women-owned MSMEs trying to go global are even worse due societal pressures and prejudices hindering access to credit, finance, and trade know-how

Topics: MSMEs, Trade, global markets

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The Postal Service needs to be a hub for small business growth

Supporting facts:

• Postal Service has a bit of an image problem as one in three small businesses do not have faith in it due to experiences of the lost mail, damaged packages

• The cost of sending goods is more than the cost of making goods

Topics: Postal Services, Small Business Growth

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Improve accessibility and competitiveness of the Postal Services

Supporting facts:

• Many small businesses in rural areas in developing countries do not have constant and consistent access to the internet

• Regional post offices in Barbados are closing down every single day because they’re not modernizing

Topics: Postal Services, Accessibility, Competitiveness

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The Postal Service must measure service provided through effective measurement and evaluation techniques

Supporting facts:

• SMEs are looking for partners with very integrated end-to-end digital platforms

Topics: Postal Services, Service Measurement

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Postal Services need to transform into modern trade facilitation hubs

Supporting facts:

• Swiss Post has an E-Post Smart Send that enables companies to send letters, invoices, or bulk mailings digitally via an online mailing solution

• Irish Postal Operator, Anpost, provides financial commitment and has a dedicated e-commerce advice hub,

Topics: Postal Services, Trade Facilitation

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The Barbados government is seriously working on improving postal services as a means to facilitate economic growth.

Supporting facts:

• Barbados is looking at the postal service not just as a letterbox but as an economic growth facilitator.

• The country is in the process of opening a regional UPU office.

• They are modernizing and digitalizing postal services.

• Training courses are being conducted at the post office with the support of UPU.

Topics: Government role, Postal services, Economic growth

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Report

Investing in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is crucial for achieving steady but transformational economic change and progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). MSMEs play a significant role in the global economy, accounting for almost 90% of all businesses worldwide and over 50% of jobs.

In least developed countries and small island development states, MSMEs represent close to 100% of the business ecosystem. However, women’s representation and empowerment in MSMEs are still limited. Currently, women are sole owners of only around 15% of MSMEs globally. There is also a global gender gap in managerial representation in MSMEs.

Investing in MSMEs can be a pathway to women’s economic empowerment and bridge this gap. MSMEs, especially women-owned ones, face challenges in accessing credit, finance, and trade know-how when trying to enter regional and global markets. Social pressures and prejudices further hinder their progress.

Efforts are needed to address these challenges and create an enabling environment for MSMEs to participate in global trade. While the postal service has the potential to drive small business growth, there are issues that need to be addressed. One in three small businesses lacks faith in the postal service due to experiences of lost mail and damaged packages.

Moreover, the cost of sending goods is often higher than the cost of making them, posing a burden on small businesses. These challenges need to be overcome to transform the postal service into a hub for small business growth. The accessibility and competitiveness of postal services also need improvement, especially for small businesses in rural areas and developing countries.

Many small businesses in rural areas lack constant and consistent access to the internet, hampering their ability to utilize postal services effectively. Additionally, regional post offices in some countries, like Barbados, are closing down due to a lack of modernization.

To enhance postal services, effective measurement and evaluation techniques are necessary to ensure optimal service provision. SMEs are seeking partners with integrated end-to-end digital platforms. By implementing effective measurement and evaluation practices, the postal service can meet the evolving needs of SMEs.

Modern trade facilitation hubs are essential for the transformation of postal services. Examples such as Swiss Post’s E-Post Smart Send and Irish Postal Operator Anpost’s e-commerce advice hub demonstrate how postal services can adopt modern technologies and provide services that facilitate global trade.

Partnerships between postal services and various stakeholders, including border agencies, standards agencies, certification labs, financial institutions, and development partners, can bolster capacity-building and provide technical assistance. These partnerships can make trade easier and more accessible for small players. The Barbados government recognizes the importance of postal services as an economic growth facilitator and is actively working to modernize and digitalize them.

Efforts such as opening a regional UPU office and conducting training courses with UPU support signify the commitment to improving postal services. However, financial constraints and prioritization of other pressing issues like debt and climate change may slow down the progress of modernizing postal services.

Small countries like Barbados face challenges in allocating resources and may prioritize other issues over postal service transformation. In conclusion, investing in MSMEs can lead to steady economic change and contribute to the achievement of SDGs. Addressing challenges such as limited women’s representation, access to credit and trade know-how, and the image and accessibility of the postal service is crucial for fostering small business growth.

Improving service measurement, creating modern trade facilitation hubs, and forming partnerships can elevate the capabilities of postal services. The efforts of the Barbados government highlight the recognition of the importance of postal services in facilitating economic growth. However, financial constraints and competing priorities may impact the pace of progress.

Arguments

MSMEs are crucial for achieving SDGs and boosting innovation

Supporting facts:

• MSMEs account for almost 90% of all businesses and over 50% of jobs worldwide. In least developed countries and in small island development states, they actually represent close to 100% of the business ecosystem.

• It is by investing in small businesses that you’re going to have steady but transformational economic change that can occur through trade.

Topics: MSMEs, SDGs, innovation

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Significant gender disparity exists in ownership and management of MSMEs

Supporting facts:

• globally, only one in five businesses have a woman as their top manager, and only one in three businesses have a woman amongst their principal owners.

• Woman are sole owners of only around 15% of MSMEs globally

Topics: MSMEs, Gender inequality

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Access to information and know-how is a critical challenge for MSMEs

Supporting facts:

• Trade for MSMEs website is a one-stop shop provides crucial information on how to trade and where to trade

• World’s first game allows one to simulate what it would be like to be an exporter or entrepreneur

Topics: MSMEs, Access to information

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Phlippe Isler is interested in learning about Correios Market

Supporting facts:

• Correios Market was established in 2020, serving small producers and small businesses to access a larger market

• The platform supports over 1,700 e-sellers and has sold over 190,000 products

Topics: Correios Market, MSMEs, Spain and Portugal

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Postal Systems have potential to boost e-commerce.

Supporting facts:

• Spanish and Swiss postal system have come up with great innovations.

• In Rwanda, the national postal services are making efforts to be closer to MSMEs and e-commerce services.

Topics: Postal services, E-commerce, Technology

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Challenges exist in improving some postal systems worldwide.

Supporting facts:

• Despite potential, some parts of the world face difficulties improving their postal systems.

Topics: Postal services, Challenges

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Advocates for creating well-packaged, precise project plans to attract donor funding

Supporting facts:

• Deals with donors day in, day out and observes that they seek projects that are precise, practical and result-oriented

• Stresses on the necessity for funding in facilitating trade

• Expresses willingness to approach donors for funding

Topics: Trade Facilitation, Donor Funding, Project Planning

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Report

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and driving innovation. They account for almost 90% of all businesses and over 50% of jobs worldwide. In least developed countries and small island development states, they represent close to 100% of the business ecosystem.

Investing in small businesses can lead to steady and transformational economic change through trade. However, there is a significant gender disparity in ownership and management of MSMEs. Globally, only one in five businesses has a woman as their top manager, and only one in three businesses has a woman among their principal owners.

Women are sole owners of only around 15% of MSMEs globally. This disparity highlights the need for increased gender equality in entrepreneurship and access to resources and opportunities for women. Access to information and know-how is a critical challenge for MSMEs.

Many entrepreneurs lack the necessary information on how to trade and where to trade. To address this, the Trade for MSMEs website serves as a one-stop shop, providing crucial information on trading. Additionally, the world’s first game allows individuals to simulate the experience of being an exporter or entrepreneur, offering valuable insights for MSMEs.

The global growth in e-commerce during the pandemic did not significantly benefit MSMEs and traditional postal services. Despite the number of packages delivered more than doubling, this growth was mainly driven by big e-commerce services and retailers. The Universal Postal Union (UPU) reported an initial drop of over 20% in postal volumes.

This indicates that MSMEs faced challenges in leveraging the e-commerce boom, highlighting the need for strategic support. However, the e-commerce revolution also presents opportunities for MSMEs. It provides a lifetime opportunity to expand their market and benefit from the global reach.

Platforms like Correios Market in Spain and Portugal have been established to serve small producers and businesses, enabling access to a larger market. With over 1,700 e-sellers and selling over 190,000 products, Correios Market demonstrates the potential for MSMEs to thrive in the e-commerce landscape.

Postal systems have the potential to boost e-commerce, and some countries have implemented innovative solutions. For instance, the Spanish and Swiss postal systems have come up with great innovations in this regard. In Rwanda, the national postal services are making efforts to be closer to MSMEs and e-commerce services.

These examples demonstrate that postal systems can play a crucial role in supporting MSMEs and fostering e-commerce growth. Despite the potential, improving postal systems worldwide poses challenges. Some regions and countries face difficulties in enhancing their postal services, inhibiting their ability to support MSMEs effectively.

To improve the global postal system, the Universal Postal Union (UPU) needs to play an active role. By collaborating with member countries and stakeholders, UPU can address the challenges and drive meaningful improvements in postal services for the benefit of MSMEs and global trade.

In attracting donor funding for trade facilitation, it is essential to create well-packaged and precise project plans. Donors seek projects that are practical, result-oriented, and have a clear impact. Advocating for these well-crafted project plans can increase the chances of securing donor funding and support for MSMEs.

There is also a willingness to experiment with funding packages for specific government projects. This approach involves exploring different funding opportunities and tailoring them to meet the needs of particular government initiatives. The government of Barbados is cited as a potential candidate for such a funding experiment.

In conclusion, MSMEs are vital for achieving SDGs, driving innovation, and promoting economic growth. However, there are challenges such as gender disparity, limited access to information, and the need to leverage the e-commerce revolution effectively. Platforms like Correios Market and innovative postal systems offer opportunities for MSMEs, while the UPU plays a crucial role in improving the global postal system.

Creating well-packaged project plans and experimenting with funding packages can further support MSMEs and drive economic development.

Arguments

The UPU undertakes various initiatives to support the digital transformation of postal operators.

Supporting facts:

• Initiatives to digitize postal services are supported by a number of regional groupings in Africa.

• The UPU is collaborating with the ITU on a project called Connect.Post, which aims to connect post offices to the internet.

Topics: digital transformation, post offices, internet access

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Implementation and funding are major roadblocks to the success of these initiatives.

Topics: digital transformation, postal services, funding

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Report

The Universal Postal Union (UPU) actively supports the digital transformation of postal operators, particularly in developing countries, through various initiatives. A notable effort is the Connect.Post project, a collaboration with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), which aims to connect post offices to the internet.

This initiative is crucial for enabling postal services to adopt digital technologies and improve their efficiency and convenience for customers. However, challenges in implementation and funding remain major roadblocks to the success of these digital transformation initiatives. Adequate resources and financial support are essential for postal operators to invest in the necessary infrastructure, technologies, and training programs.

Insufficient funding can hinder the expansion of internet access in post offices, limiting their potential to offer improved services. Additionally, the ownership structure of postal operators, often government-owned in developing countries, highlights the importance of government investment and commitment to service quality.

Government support determines the allocation of funds and resources required for growth and innovation. Therefore, government investment and commitment play a vital role in enhancing overall service quality, efficiency, and accessibility of postal services. In conclusion, the UPU actively supports the digital transformation of postal operators through initiatives like Connect.Post.

However, challenges in implementation and funding pose obstacles to the success of these initiatives. Government investment and commitment are crucial, particularly in developing countries where postal operators are often government-owned. Overcoming these challenges and securing the necessary funding and support will enable postal operators to embark on their digital transformation journey, improving services and meeting evolving customer needs.

Arguments

The UPU is a Universal Postal Union and a United Nations agency with 192 member countries

Supporting facts:

• The UPU is an intergovernmental organization

• UPU’s member countries are represented by delegations with plenipotentiary powers at the UPU Congress

Topics: Postal Service, United Nations, UPU

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The UPU follows the UN mandate for supporting its member countries in fulfilling the sustainable development goals

Supporting facts:

• The UPU has a big mural with the sustainable development goals on its wall

• Each of the 16 SDGs have at least one specific target related to gender equality

Topics: SDGs, UPU, UN

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UPU has specific policy on gender equality and is developing its plan to include mainstreaming of gender equality principles in all of its programming

Supporting facts:

• Expanding UPU’s capacity to achieve SDG 5

• Promoting gender equality across entire UPU organization

• Encouraging equal representation of women in leadership and decision-making processes

Topics: Gender Equality, UPU, Mainstreaming

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Postal services globally are providing services emphasizing the specific needs of women, MSMEs and businesses in rural areas

Supporting facts:

• Services including postal financial services, e-commerce platforms, and facilitation of import and export customs procedures

• Targeting rural areas and smaller customers including women run businesses

Topics: Postal Services, Women, MSMEs, Rural Businesses

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Susan emphasizes the need to incorporate more perspectives from smaller retailers and entrepreneurs into discussions and strategies to improve international digital trade.

Supporting facts:

• Discussions have been ongoing among major players like World Bank, WTO, UNECE, and UNCFACT to simplify international trade.

• Susan refers to existing UPU programs like Trade Post and Connect the Post that seek to digitize postal services.

• Each postal service is at various stages of development, thus necessitating more understanding and dialogue.

Topics: UPU, International Trade, MSMEs, Digital trade

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Report

The Universal Postal Union (UPU) is an intergovernmental organization and a United Nations agency with 192 member countries. It supports its member countries in achieving the United Nations’ sustainable development goals (SDGs). The UPU works towards fulfilling these goals by aligning its activities with them.

Gender equality is a key area of focus for the UPU. The organization has specific policies to promote gender equality and is actively expanding its capacity to achieve SDG 5, which focuses on gender equality. It aims to promote gender equality throughout the entire UPU organization and ensure equal representation of women in leadership and decision-making processes.

The UPU recognizes the importance of gender equality for sustainable development and is committed to integrating gender equality principles into all of its programs. In addition to gender equality, the UPU emphasizes the importance of government involvement in creating a conducive regulatory environment for postal services.

This entails engaging with ministries responsible for postal services, communications, commerce, and digitalization. The UPU acknowledges that collaboration between governments and postal operators is crucial for shaping policies that can effectively address the needs of underrepresented communities and ensure the inclusivity of postal services.

Postal services worldwide are increasingly focusing on the specific needs of women, micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), and rural businesses. They offer services such as postal financial services, e-commerce platforms, and facilitation of import and export customs procedures that cater to the needs of these groups.

By targeting rural areas and smaller customers, including women-led businesses, postal services contribute to the achievement of SDG 5 (gender equality) and SDG 9 (industry, innovation, and infrastructure). The UPU recognizes the importance of international trade and digitalization and aims to simplify and enhance these areas.

It actively engages in discussions with major players, such as the World Bank, World Trade Organization (WTO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), and United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business (UNCFACT), to explore ways to improve international trade in the digital era.

The UPU has existing programs, such as Trade Post and Connect the Post, which seek to digitalize postal services. It emphasizes the need to include perspectives from smaller retailers and entrepreneurs in these discussions to effectively address their needs and challenges.

In conclusion, the UPU plays a vital role in supporting its member countries in achieving the SDGs, with a particular focus on gender equality and creating a conducive regulatory environment for postal services. Postal services worldwide are implementing measures to cater to the needs of underrepresented communities, and the UPU actively participates in discussions to enhance international trade in the digital age.

By closely collaborating with governments and involving underrepresented communities in policy discussions, the UPU seeks to empower these groups and ensure their active participation in shaping policies and strategies.

Arguments

Shipping costs from Africa to global markets are prohibitively high, hindering MSMEs from successfully trading their products

Supporting facts:

• Tadhim mentions that the cost of shipping a product can often be higher than the cost of the product itself

• This limits the ability of MSMEs to sell their products effectively in the global marketplace

Topics: shipping costs, MSMEs, international trade

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Access to training and capacity building resources can help entrepreneurs overcome challenges associated with global trade

Supporting facts:

• Tadhim reflects on his personal experience of accessing training and capacity building resources to overcome challenges

• These resources have helped him to address issues related to shipment and trade

Topics: capacity building, training, entrepreneurship

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National posts should adopt technology systems to enhance efficiency and connectivity

Supporting facts:

• National post often still rely on paperwork for their operations, making it hard for MSMEs to have confidence in their services

• Technology including tracking systems, digital payment systems and e-commerce platform integration could improve the services provided by the national post

Topics: National post, Technology, Efficiency, Connectivity

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National posts can leverage their infrastructure to connect rural MSMEs to national and international markets

Supporting facts:

• National posts have infrastructure like motorbikes, cars, and trucks

• MSMEs need the services of the national posts as they can reach people in rural areas

Topics: National post, Infrastructure, Rural areas, MSMEs

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National posts should have simplified customs and documentation procedures

Supporting facts:

• Complex procedures often hinder MSMEs from shipping their products

• Information about standards and requirements for shipping are not often communicated to MSMEs

Topics: National post, Customs, Documentation

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National posts should promote local products to improve their visibility on international markets

Supporting facts:

• The national posts have the necessary resources to help MSMEs promote their products on global markets

• Partnerships with e-commerce platforms can enable the promotion of products during festive seasons

Topics: National post, Local products, Promotion, International market

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Report

The analysis delves into the challenges faced by MSMEs (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) in effectively trading their products on the global marketplace. One significant hurdle is the prohibitively high cost of shipping products from Africa to global markets, often exceeding the cost of the product itself.

This acts as a major deterrent for MSMEs, limiting their ability to compete and sell their products effectively on a global scale. The sentiment towards this issue is negative. To facilitate easier trade for MSMEs, there is a need for the postal sector to fully digitise its operations and integrate with MSME systems.

By doing so, trading processes can be streamlined and made more efficient. The analysis highlights the positive impact of digitisation on MSMEs and emphasises the importance of integrating postal systems with MSME systems. This step promotes smoother trade operations and creates a more favourable trading environment.

The sentiment towards this potential solution is positive. Access to training and capacity-building resources is another crucial aspect in helping entrepreneurs overcome challenges associated with global trade. The availability of such resources enables entrepreneurs to address issues related to shipment and trade effectively.

The analysis showcases a positive sentiment towards the importance of these resources, drawing on personal experiences of entrepreneurs who have benefited from training and capacity-building initiatives. In order to support rural MSMEs, particularly cooperatives of young generations and women from vulnerable families, there is a need for concerted efforts.

By focusing on this group, the analysis addresses the issue of inequality and aims to provide opportunities for those in rural areas to compete on a global level. The sentiment towards this aspect is positive, acknowledging the significance of supporting rural MSMEs.

National posts play a vital role in connecting MSMEs to national and international markets. However, their traditional reliance on paperwork can undermine the confidence of MSMEs in their services. To enhance efficiency and connectivity, national posts need to adopt technology systems.

The analysis highlights the potential improvements that technology, including tracking systems, digital payment systems, and e-commerce platform integration, can bring to the services provided by national posts. The sentiment towards this argument is positive. Simplified customs and documentation procedures are necessary for MSMEs to easily ship their products.

Complex procedures often hinder their ability to trade effectively on the global market. The sentiment towards this argument is positive, asserting the need for national posts to simplify customs and documentation procedures to promote smoother trade operations. National posts can also play a pivotal role in promoting local products on international markets.

The analysis emphasises the resources available to national posts and the potential partnerships with e-commerce platforms to boost the visibility of local products. By promoting these products, national posts can help MSMEs improve their competitiveness and gain recognition on a global scale.

The National Post of Rwanda serves as a positive example for other countries to follow. By introducing tracking systems and collaborating with e-commerce marketplaces, they have successfully facilitated last-mile delivery and provided good rates for e-commerce platforms. Their efforts demonstrate the potential benefits of integrating technology and services to enhance efficiency and connectivity.

The sentiment towards the National Post of Rwanda is highly positive. Overall, the analysis critically examines the various challenges faced by MSMEs in trading their products globally and proposes potential solutions. These solutions include digitising the postal sector, providing training and capacity-building resources, supporting rural MSMEs, adopting technology systems, simplifying customs and documentation procedures, promoting local products, and learning from positive examples.

By addressing these issues, the aim is to create a more equitable and conducive trading environment for MSMEs on the global stage.

Arguments

Giga is a connectivity initiative aiming to use the schools as a focus point to deliver universal connectivity

Supporting facts:

• Six million schools in the world need to be connected

• 500 million students have no access to the internet

• 2.6 billion people overall are still not connected

Topics: Education, Connectivity, The Giga Initiative

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Giga operates by mapping the location of schools, modeling the best way to connect those schools, and helping countries finance and contract for the connectivity

Supporting facts:

• Giga mapped schools in Sierra Leone

• It performed modeling in Zimbabwe to determine the best connectivity technology

• In Rwanda, Giga helped the government reduce the price of connectivity by providing pricing information

Topics: Education, Finance, Technology

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Giga plans to scale up via its Technology Center in Barcelona and its headquarters in Geneva

Supporting facts:

• The Technology Center in Barcelona will focus on building open-source products and tech for facilitating connectivity

• The Geneva headquarters will be home to a learning hub, a focus on finance, a project on blockchain and tech credits, and a procurement expertise center

Topics: Digital Technology, Connectivity, The Giga Initiative

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Report

The Giga Initiative is a connectivity project that aims to provide universal internet access to schools around the world. It addresses the critical issue of millions of schools lacking internet connectivity, with approximately six million schools in need of being connected.

This lack of connectivity affects 500 million students who do not have access to the internet. Furthermore, a staggering 2.6 billion people worldwide are still without any form of internet connection. The initiative operates by mapping the locations of schools to identify areas that require connectivity.

By doing so, Giga can determine the best technology to connect these schools. Through its efforts, Giga helps countries finance and contract for the required connectivity, ensuring that schools have the necessary resources to deliver internet access to their students.

This approach enables Giga to make significant progress in bridging the digital divide. Several examples highlight the successful implementation of Giga’s initiative. In Sierra Leone, Giga has undertaken the mapping of schools to identify areas that lack connectivity. This mapping enables targeted efforts to provide internet access where it is most needed.

In Zimbabwe, Giga has employed modeling techniques to assess and determine the most effective technology to deliver connectivity. This approach ensures that the connectivity solutions adopted are the most suitable for each school. In Rwanda, Giga’s involvement has been instrumental in reducing the price of connectivity, thereby making it more accessible to schools and students.

By providing pricing information, Giga has helped the government make informed decisions and take actions that positively impact connectivity costs. To expand its reach and impact, Giga has strategic plans in place. It intends to leverage its Technology Centre in Barcelona and its Geneva headquarters.

The Technology Centre in Barcelona will focus on developing open-source products and technologies that facilitate connectivity. This will contribute to the continuous enhancement and improvement of connectivity solutions. The Geneva headquarters will serve as a hub for learning, finance, blockchain, and procurement expertise.

These areas of focus highlight Giga’s commitment to the comprehensive approach required to address connectivity challenges. Overall, the sentiment towards Giga and its initiative is positive. The project’s aim to provide universal internet access through schools demonstrates a commendable commitment to advancing education and bridging the digital divide.

Through its mapping and modeling efforts, Giga ensures that connectivity is targeted and effective. By helping countries finance and contract for connectivity, Giga brings tangible solutions to the table. The planned expansion through the Technology Centre in Barcelona and the Geneva headquarters indicates a strategic approach toward scaling up the initiative.

Giga’s work holds significant potential for creating a more connected and inclusive world.

Arguments

The potential of connecting schools is significant for transforming education system and economic development

Supporting facts:

• The Giga initiative has implemented real-time connectivity monitoring which allows for immediate follow-ups when schools go offline

Topics: school connectivity, Giga initiative, real-time connectivity monitoring tool, education transformation, economic development

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Private sector collaboration is required for public-private partnership projects

Supporting facts:

• Speaker asked about specific needs where private sector collaboration is needed

• Mentioned possibility of collaboration through procurement or partnerships

Topics: Public-Private Partnerships, Collaboration, Private Sector Involvement

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Need for innovative solutions in UN system and establishment of strategic partnerships

Supporting facts:

• Saloni pointed out the need for innovative solutions for partnerships in the UN system

• Interest expressed in finding out about potential for long-term projects and partnerships, as well as supply chain levels

Topics: UN System, Strategic Partnerships, Innovation

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Digital literacy is crucial before connectivity for proper awareness

Supporting facts:

• If we bring the digital literacy before the connectivity

Topics: Digital Literacy, Connectivity

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Financial literacy is also an important aspect

Supporting facts:

• If we bring digital financials for financial literacy

Topics: Financial Literacy

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Report

The discussions revolved around the potential of connecting schools as a means to transform the education system and drive economic development. This initiative, known as the Giga initiative, has implemented real-time connectivity monitoring, allowing for immediate follow-ups when schools go offline.

This was seen as a positive development that could have a significant impact. However, it was also noted that the sustainability of connectivity models is crucial for maintaining and maximizing the transformative potential of school connectivity. Further details or evidence to support this stance were not provided, so it remains to be explored how this sustainability can be achieved effectively.

Private sector collaboration was identified as a key factor in successful public-private partnership projects. Specifically, the need for collaboration through procurement or partnerships was highlighted. It was argued that the private sector’s involvement is necessary to drive these projects forward, indicating a positive sentiment towards such collaborations.

The importance of finding innovative solutions and establishing strategic partnerships within the UN system was stressed. There was interest in exploring the potential for long-term projects and partnerships, as well as understanding supply chain levels. This highlights a positive sentiment towards innovation and the need for strategic partnerships.

Cooperation and partnerships between international organizations were commended, with one speaker referring to a project as a “shining example” of such collaboration. This indicates a positive sentiment towards such cooperation and recognizes its value in achieving goals. Digital literacy was identified as a crucial aspect that needs to be prioritized before connectivity for proper awareness.

The relevance and importance of this point were stated, without further elaboration or evidence provided. Financial literacy was also recognized as an important aspect, although no specific details or evidence were mentioned to support this argument. The challenges of improving education, especially in Africa, were highlighted.

One speaker referenced a significant failure rate in their country’s exam, emphasizing the need for attention and improvement in this area. This reflects a negative sentiment towards the current state of education in Africa. The need to make those involved in the education system aware of the benefits and their role in its success was stressed.

It was noted that keeping the individuals involved aware could address root causes and contribute to a solution. This highlights a positive sentiment towards creating awareness and promoting self-dependency. Lastly, the roles of the international community, government, and private sector in maintaining the system were emphasized.

It was suggested that when certain individuals or entities are absent, there can be negative consequences for the system. This indicates a neutral sentiment, without assigning blame but acknowledging the importance of all stakeholders in maintaining education systems. In conclusion, the discussions highlighted the potential of connecting schools to transform education and promote economic development.

The sustainability of connectivity models, private sector collaboration, strategic partnerships, and innovative solutions were recognized as important factors in achieving these goals. The need for digital and financial literacy, as well as addressing the challenges in education, particularly in Africa, were highlighted.

Creating awareness and fostering cooperation between international organizations, the government, and the private sector were also seen as crucial in maintaining the education system. It is important to note that while some arguments were supported by evidence or specific examples, others lacked further details or evidence.

This indicates potential areas for future research or exploration to fully understand the impact and effectiveness of certain initiatives and approaches discussed.

Arguments

IHS Towers decided to support the ITU-UNICEF GIGA initiative because of the overlap in missions between connecting remote areas to internet and the company’s role as a backbone of connectivity throughout the emerging markets.

Supporting facts:

• IHS Towers builds and creates the tower structure where mobile network operators lease the space to put their 3G, 4G, and 5G equipment.

• The company operates in markets with weak grid, so it creates hybrid power systems.

• Education is one of the four pillars of IHS Tower’s sustainability program.

Topics: Internet Connectivity, Emerging markets, IHS Towers, GIGA Initiative

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IHS Towers sees a strong connection between connectivity, education and economic development

Supporting facts:

• IHS Towers manages 40,000 towers throughout the emerging markets

• Focus on rural talks about telephony

• Recently rolled out over 480 rural towers

Topics: Giga mission, Rural connectivity, Telephony

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Sustainable development and maximizing use of towers are priorities for IHS Towers

Supporting facts:

• Working on powering remote rural areas with solar and battery power systems

• Concept of adding IT services in recycled shipping containers at tower sites

• Addition of cell phone charging units at tower sites

Topics: Sustainability, Resource Optimization

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Corporations should share data to support governments in connecting schools in underserved areas

Supporting facts:

• Data is a valuable piece of information that can be shared to contribute in efforts of connecting schools

• Corporations have specific data that they can comfortably share without compromising their operations or customer privacy

• She mentioned about sharing of tower data by her company with the Giga team in six countries over the past two years

Topics: Data Sharing, School Connectivity, Public-Private Partnership

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Local community growth can be encouraged through corporate actions like internship programs

Supporting facts:

• Partnering with local universities and technical institutions for internship programs can be beneficial for corporations as well as local communities

• This initiative of nurturing and hiring local talent can strengthen a corporation’s social license to operate

Topics: Corporate Social Responsibility, Internship Programs, Community Development

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Partnerships with tower companies ensure long term connectivity

Supporting facts:

• Once towers are built, they stay for foreseeable future

Topics: Internet Connectivity, Infrastructure, Partnership

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Usage rates influence private sector investment in connectivity

Supporting facts:

• Operators will go to places where customers will buy packages

Topics: Internet Connectivity, Private Sector Investment, Usage Rates

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Connecting the world’s most unconnected sometimes involves villages

Topics: Internet Connectivity, Rural Development, Accessibility

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The importance of digital literacy in the use of the Internet

Supporting facts:

• Using a network, having Internet access, but not the tools to use it is actually horrifying

Topics: Digital Literacy, Internet Access, Training

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Need for training for SMEs or entrepreneurs

Supporting facts:

• Digital literacy could involve potential training for SMEs or entrepreneurs on how to start a business, access medical care or e-banking

Topics: Training, Small and Medium Enterprises, Entrepreneurs

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Using creative methods for continued investment in emerging markets

Supporting facts:

• A science museum in Rwanda is an example of thinking creatively

• The focus on upskilling local labor forces

• Thinking about how additional elements can contribute to building a society

Topics: Private sector investment, Education, Local labor upskilling, Established institutions investment

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Report

IHS Towers, a company operating in emerging markets, has expressed its support for the ITU-UNICEF GIGA initiative. The company shares a mission with the initiative, as they both aim to connect remote areas to the internet. IHS Towers believes that connectivity is crucial for education and economic development.

To support their mission, IHS Towers has sponsored STEM and IT labs in emerging markets and shared tower data to connect schools in remote regions. They are also committed to sustainable development and maximizing the use of their towers. This includes powering remote rural areas with solar and battery power systems, and exploring innovative ideas like adding IT services in recycled shipping containers at tower sites.

IHS Towers emphasizes the importance of corporations sharing data to support government efforts in connecting schools. They have already shared tower data with the Giga team in six countries, contributing to the connectivity of schools in underserved areas. In addition, IHS Towers prioritizes corporate social responsibility and community development.

They have partnered with local universities and technical institutions to establish internship programs, which benefit both the corporations and the local communities. This approach strengthens the corporation’s social license to operate. The company recognizes the long-term impact of partnerships with tower companies for sustained connectivity.

Once towers are built, they remain in place, making partnerships crucial. Private sector investment in connectivity is influenced by usage rates. IHS Towers acknowledges that operators are more likely to invest in areas where customers are willing to buy data packages.

The company is dedicated to connecting remote villages, as they understand the challenges involved in bridging the digital divide. Digital literacy is another aspect emphasized by IHS Towers. They emphasize the importance of having the necessary skills to fully utilize internet access.

Continued investment in emerging markets is vital for community growth. IHS Towers encourages thinking creatively and finding innovative ways to invest in these markets, including upskilling local labor forces and encouraging established institutions to establish affiliated universities. In summary, IHS Towers actively promotes connectivity and digital literacy in emerging markets through their support for the ITU-UNICEF GIGA initiative, sponsorship of STEM and IT labs, data sharing, and sustainable solutions.

They prioritize corporate social responsibility, community development, and the nurturing of local talent. Their commitment to these principles contributes to their goal of connecting the unconnected and making a positive impact in these regions.

Arguments

Bringing connectivity to schools can unlock barriers that hinder the larger community from coming online

Supporting facts:

• Internet Society discusses about connecting communities and school is a part of these communities

• A school being part of the community, when connected to the internet, will benefit the whole community

Topics: School Connectivity, Internet Access, Community Benefit

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Importance of data sharing for the growth and development of corporates and communities

Supporting facts:

• Carolina shared that they’ve shared over 30,000 tower locations with the Giga team in the past two years with plans for expansion in South Africa and Brazil.

Topics: Data Sharing, Internet Service Providers (ISPs), Mobile Network Operators (MNOs), Internet Rollout, 3G Network, 4G Network, 5G Network

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Internship models help local communities grow

Supporting facts:

• Carolina mentioned having an operational internship program in all countries they work in, which proved fruitful for hiring and training local talent and contributing to local communities.

Topics: Internship Programs, Talent Development, Local Universities, Job Creation

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Community involvement is crucial in keeping schools connected after the initial project ends

Supporting facts:

• Many connectivity projects fail to sustain after initial funding is over

• School budgets often cannot afford the operational cost of connectivity

Topics: Internet Connectivity, Schools, Community Involvement

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Report

Connecting schools to the internet has the potential to bring significant benefits to the wider community. The internet is a powerful tool that can overcome barriers and challenges that prevent the larger community from accessing online resources. Christine Sund, an advocate for connectivity in schools, believes that this connection allows not only schools but also health centers and community centers to have internet access.

By providing these institutions with internet access, they can provide better services to the community and access a wider range of resources that benefit the community as a whole. Data sharing is also crucial for the growth and development of both corporations and communities.

Carolina, for example, has shared over 30,000 tower locations with the Giga team in the past two years, with plans for expansion in South Africa and Brazil. This data sharing not only facilitates the expansion of internet infrastructure but also promotes collaboration and innovation.

By sharing valuable information, corporations and communities can work together to achieve common goals and drive progress. Internship programs play a vital role in helping local communities grow. Carolina, for instance, has implemented operational internship programs in all the countries they work in.

These programs have proven effective in hiring and training local talent, ultimately contributing to the economic growth and development of these communities. Christine Sund herself acknowledges the value of internships, particularly for individuals trying to secure their first jobs. She highlights the challenges faced by young people in Africa when it comes to getting their foot in the door, emphasizing the positive impact that internships can have in addressing this issue.

While connecting schools to the internet is essential, sustaining this connectivity after the initial project ends can be challenging. Many connectivity projects fail to be sustained once the initial funding runs out, as school budgets often cannot cover the operational costs of maintaining connectivity.

This is where community involvement becomes crucial. Carolina promotes the idea of communities taking the initiative in connectivity with external help. They argue that businesses within these communities are better equipped to sustain the network, ensuring that the benefits of internet connectivity continue to reach schools and the wider community.

In conclusion, connecting schools to the internet has the potential to bring numerous benefits to the wider community. It breaks down barriers to online access and enables other institutions, such as health centers and community centers, to join the digital age.

Data sharing fosters growth and collaboration, while internship programs help local communities develop by nurturing local talent. However, community involvement is crucial in sustaining school connectivity beyond the initial project. By working together and taking the initiative, businesses within communities can ensure that the benefits of internet connectivity are enjoyed by all.

Arguments

The Internet Society believes in partnerships for connectivity.

Supporting facts:

• The Internet Society is a non-profit organization created by the pioneers of the Internet 32, 33 years ago

• Internet Society works with people in technology, policy makers and organizations involved in capacity building

Topics: Internet connectivity, Partnerships, Non-profit

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Internet Society aims to provide connectivity to remote areas using community networks.

Supporting facts:

• They have been working in community networks in Zimbabwe, in South Africa in remote areas

• Remote communities are used to solving their own problems and the Internet Society promotes that they also solve their connectivity problems for themselves

Topics: Internet connectivity, Community networks, Remote areas

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Schools in developing countries often become a source of social instability due to poor education quality

Supporting facts:

• In Ethiopia, there are 30 million students. The quality of education is not good, resulting in a large number of job seekers, who are not good enough to boost the economy

• Many students, particularly from rural areas, move to cities and are easily influenced by extremist groups, creating instability

Topics: Education Quality, Social Instability, Developing Countries

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Enhancing the quality of education is vital

Supporting facts:

• Bad education can be worse than no education, according to Dawit Bekele

• Most students in Ethiopia don’t have access to textbooks, limiting their access to quality education

Topics: Education Quality, Economic Development

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Education quality in Ethiopia is lower, with less than 4% of students passing the exams in the last two years

Supporting facts:

• In the last two years, less than four percent of the students have passed the exams.

Topics: Education in Ethiopia, Examination pass rate

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Schools, especially in the developing world, are still unconnected to the internet and this is seen as a huge problem

Supporting facts:

• Every country had this kind of project but we are very far from connecting every school

• Schools have many issues and connectivity is just one

Topics: E-connectivity, Internet Connectivity

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Schools cannot afford the operational cost of internet connectivity, therefore the initiative should come from the community and businesses

Supporting facts:

• Often, school is connected and when the fund is over, they are no more connected

• The budget of a village school cannot afford to sustain internet connectivity

Topics: Internet Connectivity, Community

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Sustainability is vital and countries and communities themselves are responsible for it

Supporting facts:

• It is the countries, the communities themselves who will sustain GIGA and for that, they really have to be convinced that it is critical for them

Topics: Sustainability, Community Empowerment

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Countries need political and community level commitment for sustainability

Supporting facts:

• When there is commitment at political level, but also at the community level, and communities would contribute financially for connectivity

Topics: Political Commitment, Community Level Commitment

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Keeping quality education or improving it is a constant struggle.

Supporting facts:

• Even countries with good educational systems struggle to maintain it; recent PISA rankings saw many developed countries’ rankings fall

Topics: Education, Quality

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Connectivity is probably the biggest equalizer for connectivity around the world.

Supporting facts:

• Dawit Bekele’s own experience with online education was significantly better than traditional due to accessibility of resources

Topics: Connectivity, Internet Access, Education

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Report

The Internet Society, a non-profit organisation, advocates for partnerships to improve internet connectivity. They collaborate with technology experts, policy-makers, and organisations involved in capacity building to promote connectivity globally. Their goal is to provide internet access to remote areas using community networks, recognising the self-sufficiency of these communities in solving their own connectivity challenges.

However, they also highlight the policy and regulatory obstacles that hinder internet connectivity, particularly in remote regions where both technological and regulatory issues need to be addressed. Quality education is a major challenge in developing countries like Ethiopia, leading to social instability and limited access to textbooks.

With approximately 30 million students in Ethiopia, the lack of quality education results in a large number of unskilled job seekers. Furthermore, students from rural areas often migrate to cities and can be easily influenced by extremist groups, exacerbating social instability.

The Internet Society emphasises the significance of enhancing the quality of education for the overall development of these countries. The distribution of education resources in developing countries, particularly in Ethiopia, is inefficient and challenging. Distributing books to the 30 million students in Ethiopia is a daunting task, especially in rural areas with poor road connectivity.

Even after curriculum changes, students still lack access to textbooks, negatively impacting the quality of education. Recent data shows that less than four percent of students in Ethiopia have passed their exams in the last two years, highlighting the inadequacy of education quality.

To address these challenges, the Internet Society proposes leveraging technological advancements in education and providing internet connectivity to remote schools. They argue that connectivity is crucial for ensuring the availability of quality books, which can be made accessible digitally and in a timely manner.

However, despite the potential benefits, many schools in developing countries, particularly in remote regions, continue to lack internet connectivity, posing a significant obstacle to achieving quality education. It is crucial to recognise that internet connectivity for schools should be viewed as a necessity rather than a luxury.

Many connectivity projects are often completed without adequate follow-up due to resource limitations or a lack of prioritisation. Internet connectivity should be considered an integral part of a school’s mission. However, many schools cannot afford the operational costs associated with internet connectivity.

Therefore, initiatives should come from the community and businesses that can support the necessary infrastructure financially. The Internet Society emphasises the importance of sustainability, highlighting that countries and communities themselves play a vital role in maintaining connectivity. While efforts like GIGA can provide technological support and create awareness, the initiative to connect schools to the internet should originate from the local communities.

Sustainability requires commitment at both the political and community levels, including financial contributions from the communities for connectivity. The private sector is also encouraged to view supporting connectivity as a corporate social responsibility, as schools produce the human resources that businesses will eventually need.

Furthermore, universal service funds, which are often underutilised, can be effectively utilised to connect schools and improve access to education. Overall, improving the quality of education remains an ongoing challenge, and internet connectivity holds the promise of bridging the educational gap in developing countries.

While developing nations may not have the resources to build large physical libraries, the internet provides access to the largest electronic libraries available. Through partnerships, policy reforms, community involvement, and technological advancements, the Internet Society aims to address these challenges and unlock the potential of quality education for all.

Arguments

Spain attracted by the GIGA initiative due to SDG4

Supporting facts:

• Spain finds GIGA initiative valuable for working towards SDG4 and the belief in digital transformation as a transformative tool for inclusive, sustainable development.

• Spain has been very active and proactive in discussions of the digital global compact.

Topics: Giga Initiative, Spain, SDG4, Sustainable Development

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Digital tools can help leapfrog development

Supporting facts:

• Spain believes digital tools will provide the means to leapfrog, not just advance.

• She mentions that we are currently lagging in reaching the SDGs and sees digitalization as a way to bridge that gap.

Topics: Spain, Digital Transformation, Development

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Excitement for future collaboration with ITU in GIGA term

Supporting facts:

• Spain is hoping to bring an interesting addition with ITU at the Global Refugee Forum related to the GIGA project.

Topics: Giga Initiative, Spain, ITU, Global Refugee Forum

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Report

Spain has shown a keen interest in the Giga Initiative due to its strong alignment with SDG4, which focuses on quality education. They firmly believe that digital transformation is a crucial tool for achieving inclusive and sustainable development. Spain recognises the value of the Giga Initiative in working towards SDG4 and views digital transformation as a transformative tool in achieving their development goals.

This showcases Spain’s proactive attitude and dedication to advancing digitalization for the betterment of society. Furthermore, Spain greatly appreciates the multilateral and multistakeholder approach of the Giga Initiative. In addition to participating in multilateral efforts at the United Nations and Europe, Spain is actively engaging different actors within their own country.

They believe that the involvement of various stakeholders, including the private sector, local communities, and national governments, is essential for successful development. By integrating these actors, Spain aims to foster collaboration and create a comprehensive approach that addresses the needs of all parties involved.

Recognizing the need to bridge the gap in reaching the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Spain sees digital tools as an opportunity to leapfrog development. They emphasize the transformative potential of digitalization in accelerating progress towards the SDGs. Spain acknowledges that the current pace of development is insufficient and believes that digitalization can play a vital role in closing this gap.

The choice of Barcelona as the location for the Giga Initiative is considered highly beneficial. Spain highlights the city’s abundance of human capital and vibrant environment as significant advantages. Barcelona’s scientific and private sectors provide ideal conditions for collaboration and innovation, making it an attractive hub for the Giga Initiative.

Spain is also excited about the opportunity for future collaboration with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in the Giga project, particularly in relation to the Global Refugee Forum. Spain hopes to bring an interesting addition to the Giga project by collaborating with the ITU at this forum.

This demonstrates Spain’s enthusiasm for expanding partnerships and exploring new avenues for collaboration within the Giga Initiative. In conclusion, Spain’s strong interest in the Giga Initiative is driven by its alignment with SDG4 and the belief in digital transformation as a transformative tool for inclusive and sustainable development.

Spain’s appreciation for the multilateral and multistakeholder approach of Giga, their recognition of digital tools as a means to leapfrog development, and the benefits of Barcelona as the chosen location, further underline their commitment to achieving their development goals. Spain’s excitement for future collaboration with the ITU in the Giga project reinforces their dedication to innovative partnerships within this initiative.

Arguments

Perception of internet connectivity challenge for schools has significantly evolved

Supporting facts:

• In the last 10 years, Internet connectivity became an essential tool for education

• COVID-19 accelerated this perception shift by highlighting the digital divide through necessity for remote learning

Topics: Internet Connectivity, Education, Digital Divide

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Successful partnerships require shared vision and mutual understanding of partners’ strengths and expertise

Supporting facts:

• Saloni Korlimarla mentions that successful partnerships require all parties to come together with a shared vision towards children and a mutual understanding of each other’s strengths and expertise.

• Examples of successful partnerships include the one with IHS Towers, and government of Spain, Catalonia, Barcelona, and Switzerland.

Topics: Partnerships, Connectivity, Public sector, Private sector

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Innovation is fundamental to GIGA’s mission

Supporting facts:

• GIGA functions like a tech startup within the UN system

• GIGA leverages technical expertise from ITU and UNICEF

Topics: Innovation, GIGA, UN

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GIGA is able to implement innovations quickly due to existing relationships with governments

Supporting facts:

• Existing relationships with governments in various countries make it easier to roll out innovations quickly

Topics: GIGA, Government Relations, Implementation

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App developed by GIGA provides real-time connectivity status

Supporting facts:

• The app provides real-time connectivity updates and can be installed on a user device at the school

Topics: GIGA, Technology, Connectivity

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Successful deployment and application of GIGA’s innovations in Kazakhstan

Supporting facts:

• The app has been deployed in 5,000 schools in Kazakhstan, around 70% of all schools in the country

Topics: Kazakhstan, GIGA, Innovation, Deployment

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Connectivity provision needs to be financially viable for telecom companies

Supporting facts:

• Telecom companies are reluctant to provide connectivity at a financial loss

Topics: telecom companies, financial viability, connectivity provision

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Incentives, like connectivity credits, can encourage telecom companies to invest in remote connectivity

Supporting facts:

• Giga is developing a new product called ‘connectivity credits’ that links government incentives to service provision by ISPs

Topics: connectivity credits, incentives, remote connectivity, telecom companies

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Private sector needs to see provision of remote connectivity as a viable market

Supporting facts:

• Without a commercial incentive, private sector may not invest

Topics: private sector, viable market, remote connectivity

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An investment fund is needed to stimulate connectivity provision

Supporting facts:

• Giga is considering an investment fund to stimulate connectivity provision

Topics: investment fund, connectivity provision

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There is need for more partners to join Giga in its mission to provide internet connectivity to students

Supporting facts:

• Giga has connected 2.4 million students and nearly 6,000 schools to the Internet in the past four years

• 1.3 billion children remain offline

Topics: Internet Connectivity, Education, Partnerships

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Report

In the last decade, there has been a significant evolution in the perception of internet connectivity as a challenge for schools. It is now widely recognised that internet connectivity plays an essential role in education. This shift in perception has been further highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has necessitated the adoption of remote learning and exposed the digital divide that exists in access to connectivity.

Efforts by organisations such as GIGA, ITU, and UNICEF have been instrumental in connecting schools by collaborating with governments. These partnerships aim to address the connectivity gap by placing it at the top of educational agendas. The success of these partnerships relies on the importance of having a shared vision and a mutual understanding of each other’s strengths and expertise.

One notable example is the collaboration between GIGA and IHS Towers, which has resulted in the development of an app that not only provides funding but also offers technical assistance and data. The data provided by IHS Towers is used to calculate the distance of a school from the nearest cell tower and estimate the cost of connecting a school using different technologies.

A key element in ensuring connectivity for schools is the collaboration between the public and private sectors. The approach needs to be multi-sectoral, with both sectors coming together to address the connectivity challenges that cannot be resolved within the classroom itself.

GIGA operates as a tech startup within the UN system and leverages technical expertise from ITU and UNICEF. Its existing relationships with governments in various countries enable the quick implementation of innovations. GIGA has developed an app that provides real-time connectivity updates and can be installed on user devices in schools.

This app has been successfully deployed in 5,000 schools in Kazakhstan, covering around 70% of all schools in the country. Additionally, GIGA is actively exploring the development of new products, such as “connectivity credits,” which link government incentives to service provision by Internet Service Providers (ISPs).

These incentives can encourage telecom companies to invest in remote connectivity, even if they may be hesitant to do so due to financial concerns. To further stimulate connectivity provision, GIGA is considering the implementation of an investment fund. This fund would aim to provide the necessary financial resources to support connectivity initiatives.

The ultimate goal is to incentivise telecom companies and other stakeholders to contribute to the mission of connecting more students and schools to the internet, thus contributing to the achievement of SDG 4 (Quality Education). In conclusion, the perception of internet connectivity as a challenge for schools has significantly evolved.

Efforts by organisations like GIGA, ITU, and UNICEF, in collaboration with governments, have played a crucial role in addressing the digital divide. Successful partnerships, a multi-sectoral approach, and the development of innovative solutions, such as the app developed by GIGA, have shown promising results in connecting schools and improving educational opportunities.

However, there is still a long way to go, with 1.3 billion children remaining offline. By incentivising telecom companies and fostering increased partnerships, GIGA aims to connect more students and schools to the internet, making a significant contribution to achieving SDG 4 and ensuring quality education for all.